钛锰二元合金的吸放氢性能

系统地研究了钛锰二元合金的吸、放氢量,压力组成等温线以及吸氢过程热力学函数(ΔHΔS)的变化。实验证实,对于不加均匀化退火和活化处理的二元钛锰合金,其综合吸放氢性能最佳的组成为TiMn_(1.15)-TiMn_(1.25)。     

非晶态合金带的表面状态和类金属对磁性的影响

非晶态(Fe_(80)Ni_(20))_(78)Si_(22-x)B_x合金的磁各向异性和磁致伸缩随B元素含量的增加和Si元素含量的相对减少而缓慢降低。居里温度和磁矩却呈现出缓慢增高的变化趋势。非晶态合金带的表面状态条纹效应是引起宏观磁各向异性的重要因素之一。对于上述实验现象本文应用退磁效应、分子场近似和电子转移模型等理论予以定性解释。     

Effect of long-period stacking ordered phase on microstructure, mechanical property and corrosion resistance of Mg alloys: A review

Magnesium alloys containing long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase have been received a great deal of attention in the last decade owing to their excellent comprehensive properties of mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. In this paper, some fundamental aspects of LPSO containing Mg alloys have been reviewed, including: (1) microstructural characterization, formation conditions and the associated phase transformation of LPSO phases in Mg alloys; (2) deformation mechanism of LPSO phases and their influence on the deformation mechanism of the Mg matrix; (3) effect of LPSO structure on the mechanical performance such as tensile strength, creep resistance, fracture toughness and fatigue strength; (4) corrosion behavior of LPSO containing Mg alloys and their possible applications as the biomaterials. Moreover, some remaining unsolved issues of the LPSO containing Mg alloys and the future target about how to further improve their service properties have been also described.     

Hot compressive deformation behaviors of Mg–10Gd–3Y–0.5Zr alloy

In this paper, the hot compressive deformation characteristics of a Mg–10Gd–3Y–0.5Zr(GW103K) alloy have been investigated by isothermal compression test at the temperature range of 350–450°C and strain rate range of 0.0001–0.1s~(-1). True stress–strain relationships at various strain rates showed the typical strain hardening and softening stage which is indicative of dynamic recrystallization during deformation. The results showed that the peak stress was obviously dependent on temperature and strain rate. A constitutive equation to describe the deformation process was established based on the hyperbolic sine function. The stress exponent n and apparent activation energy Q were determined to be 3.018 and 203.947 k J/mol, respectively. Microstructure investigation showed that dislocation slipping was the dominant deformation mechanism during the hot deformation at all conditions. However, at the temperatures lower than 400 °C and strain rates higher than 0.01 s~(-1), twinning was observed to be activated, which indicated another deformation mechanism. Dynamic recrystallization and dynamic precipitation were found to occur simultaneously under such deformation condition.     

Mg对Zn--11%Al合金镀层凝固组织及合金层生长的影响

将工业纯铁分别在510℃的Zn-11%Al、Zn-11%Al-1.5%Mg、Zn-11%Al-3%Mg和Zn-11%Al-4.5%Mg合金熔池中进行不同时间的热浸镀,使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪等仪器设备,研究Mg含量对Zn-11%Al合金镀层凝固组织和镀层中Fe-Al合金层生长的影响.结果表明：Zn-11%Al合金镀层凝固组织由富Al相和Zn/Al二元共晶组成;随着Zn-11%Al-x%Mg合金中Mg含量的增加,合金镀层的凝固组织中逐渐出现Zn/Al/MgZn2三元共晶、块状 MgZn2相和Al/MgZn2二元共晶.四种合金镀层中合金层主要由Fe2 Al5 Znx和FeAl3 Znx相组成,合金层的厚度随浸镀时间的增加而增加,Mg含量的增加使Fe-Al合金层生长速率指数和生长速率降低.在Zn-11%Al合金镀层中Fe-Al合金层形成的初期,可形成致密稳定的Fe-Al化合物层;热浸镀120 s后,扩散通道的移动使Fe-Al化合物层失稳破裂. Zn-11%Al-x%Mg合金中Mg元素可明显推迟液Zn进入镀层中Fe-Al合金层的时间,使Fe-Al合金层更加稳定和致密.     

冷却速度对Zn--5 Al--0.1 RE--x Si合金显微组织及耐蚀性能的影响

运用扫描电子显微镜/能谱仪、X射线衍射、盐雾实验、电极化曲线等手段,研究冷却速度和Si对Zn-5Al-0.1RE合金组织及耐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,Zn-5Al-0.1RE-xSi合金由先析出的?-Zn和?-Zn+α-Al共晶组织组成,前者均匀分布在相邻的?-Zn+α-Al共晶胞的边界上.降低冷却速度和Si的加入,均使Zn-5Al-0.1RE-xSi合金单位面积的晶粒增大,晶界减少,合金耐蚀性能提高. Zn-5Al-0.1RE-xSi合金耐蚀性能的差异与合金凝固组织及合金腐蚀产物中Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O和ZnO的相对量有关.     

高Nb--TiAl合金叶片锻造模拟

采用Deform-3D有限元软件模拟β-γ高Nb-TiAl合金叶片等温锻造,分析等效应变场、等效应力场与温度场的分布.叶片等温锻造中叶身与榫头的等效应变分布均匀,随着上模具压下速度的增大和预热温度的升高,变形过程中等效应力降低,有利于动态再结晶的发生;上模具压下速度在1.0~1.5 mm·s-1、预热温度在1250~1300℃有利于提高β-γ高Nb-TiAl合金叶片锻件的质量.     

高温注氢对钒合金微观结构的影响

研究了500℃高温条件下注氢对V-4Cr、V-4Ti和V-4Cr-4Ti三种合金微观结构的影响。在注氢实验之前,V-4Cr合金的基体清晰干净,而V-4Ti和V-4Cr-4Ti两种合金的基体中则出现很多相互平行和垂直的针状析出相,且大部分析出相周围都存在着位错。在500℃注氢实验之后,V-4Cr合金基体中出现大量的分布不均的黑色点状缺陷和缺陷簇,而V-4Ti和V-4Cr-4Ti两种合金的基体中除产生点状缺陷外,还出现高密度的气泡,且V-4Cr-4Ti合金中气泡的平均尺寸要稍小一些。另外,V-4Ti和V-4Cr-4Ti合金基体中原有的析出相在注氢实验之后都发生不同程度的溶解。在观察V-4Cr-4Ti合金基体中气泡分布规律时发现,在距离晶界25 nm的范围内几乎看不到气泡的存在,由此推断晶界的存在可以抑制氢气泡等辐照缺陷的产生。     

镍基合金C276在超临界水中的腐蚀行为

研究镍基合金C276在550~650益/25 MPa超临界水中的腐蚀特性。采用腐蚀增重、扫描电镜、能谱和X射线衍射方法分析材料的氧化动力学、氧化膜形貌、合金元素分布和组织结构。结果表明,C276合金在超临界水中以均匀腐蚀为主,其腐蚀增重服从抛物线生长规律。当温度由550益升高到600益时,材料的腐蚀增重大约升高到3倍;当温度进一步升高到650益时,材料的腐蚀增重反而下降。 C276合金表面氧化膜分层不明显,氧化膜的主要成分为( Ni,Fe) Cr2 O4,同时其表层离散分布着大量的NiO氧化物颗粒。 C276合金表面氧化膜的保护性能主要取决于氧化膜内Cr含量,Cr含量越高其结构越致密,从而保护性能也越好。     

（ZrNb）2Fe合金相的晶体结构及成分范围

为了研究更低温度下Zr-Nb-Fe三元系中（ZrNb）2Fe相存在的成分范围，熔炼了3个合金样品，其中Fe的含量保持为33．3at．％，Nb的含量分别为5at．％，10at．％和15at．％．经700℃均匀化退火720h后，采用x射线衍射、带能谱的扫描电镜对合金进行物相及成分分析．结果表明700℃时，Nb在（ZrNb）2Fe相中的含量处于5．0at．％-13．79at．％间；文章还给出了（ZrNb）2Fe相的晶体结构数据．