GH4169磨削烧伤机理研究

以金相显微分析为主，结合磨削温度、磨削力的测量等基本实验方法，揭示ＧＨ４１６９材料磨削烧伤机理，研究表明，磨削弧区最高平均温度是引起磨削烧的直接因素，它与工件表面烧伤色斑，表面形貌特片，表层金相组织以及表层显微硬度分布之间具有确定的对应关系。磨削力比Ｆｎ／Ｆｔ可作为过程特征参量，进行磨削烧伤在线监测和预报，以控制磨削烧伤。     

Al-Mg-(Si)-(Sc)-(Zr)合金时效初期微结构演化的模拟研究

运用蒙特卡罗方法计算模拟了加入微合金元素Si,Sc和Zr的Al-Mg合金时效初期微结构的演化过程,分析了微结构演化过程中溶质原子偏聚的特征及其与空位的相互作用;对Si,Sc和Zi与空位复合体的尺寸及空位周围原子的概率分布进行讨论,揭示了空位作用的机理.     

化学沉积Ni-Fe-P及Ni-Fe-P-B合金膜的结构和显微硬度

利用X射线衍射方法研究了不同Na2H2PO2的质量浓度以及热处理温度条件下化学镀三元Ni-Fe-P和四元Ni-P-B镀层的结构,在温度为200-700℃范围内加热镀层产生结构变化,当热处理温度等于或低于400℃时,镀层的显微硬度随温度增加,这与从Ni-P-B镀层非晶基底中析出（Fe,Ni)固溶体,Ni3P相以及从Ni-P-B镀层（Fe,Ni）固溶体基底中析出Fe2B等相有关,热处理温度大于或等于500℃时,NiP,Fe3P,Fe2B等相析出,同时随温度增加颗粒逐渐粗化,引起镀层软化,在Ni-Fe-P镀层中加入KBH4,经300℃热处理引起镀层显微硬度增加,低于300℃热处理对镀层硬度影响不明显,该现象可由B与Ni-Fe固溶体基底形成了晶化相加以证实。     

镍钨合金电沉积及其析氢电催化性能的研究

本文研究以钛或铁为基体的Ｎｉ－Ｗ合金电镀，阴极极化曲线表明，以Ｔｉ为基体的Ｎｉ－Ｗ合金镀层为阴极，电解３００ｇ／ＬＮａＣｌ（２５℃），３．０Ａ／ｄｍ＾２能降低析氢过电势４２０ｍＶ，电解１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＭｎＳＯ４＋０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４能降低８１０ｍＶ，说明Ｎｉ－Ｗ镀层是析氢的优良电催化阴极。     

铝合金激光熔覆

采用大功率激光在铸铝合金的表面熔覆镍基合金粉末,熔覆材料是Ｎｉ６０,Ａｌ包Ｎｉ和Ｎｉ包Ａｌ粉末,基体是ＺＬ１０８。通过研究选出最佳工艺参数范围,对熔覆层进行了宏观和显微组织观察及性能测试。结果表明,Ｎｉ６０熔覆层具有良好的耐磨性和使用性。     

超声波制备TiO_2光催化降解气相苯的研究

文章以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用超声波分散450℃焙烧物得到了纳米TiO2光催化剂,以苯为模拟气体,在静态反应装置中考察了该催化剂对气相苯的光催化降解性能。结果表明,采用超声波制备的TiO2光催化剂能显著提高对苯的光催化降解性能,超声波制备的TiO2上苯转化率是搅拌制备的TiO2的1.7倍。BET结果显示超声波制备的光催化剂比表面比搅拌制备的光催化剂高;XRD表征结果表明TiO2呈锐钛型;紫外-可见漫反射结果显示超声波制备的TiO2在可见区吸收增强。     

Preparation of high-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Fe alloy via heat treatment and rolling

An Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Fe alloy was solid-solution treated at 560°C for 3 h and then cooled by water quenching or furnace cooling. The alloy samples which underwent cooling by these two methods were rolled at different temperatures. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the rolled alloys were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and tensile testing. For the water-quenched alloys, the peak tensile strength and elongation occurred at a rolling temperature of 180°C. For the furnace-cooled alloys, the tensile strength decreased initially, until the rolling temperature of 420°C, and then increased; the elongation increased consistently with increasing rolling temperature. The effects of grain boundary hardening and dislocation hardening on the mechanical properties of these rolled alloys decreased with increases in rolling temperature. The mechanical properties of the 180°C rolling water-quenched alloy were also improved by the presence of β″ phase. Above 420°C, the effect of solid-solution hardening on the mechanical properties of the rolled alloys increased with increases in rolling temperature.     

采用TiO2光催化剂对河水中污染物进行光催化降解

用光催化剂TiO2对西清河废水进行了废水处理研究.实验结果表明,随着催化剂用量的增加,COD、色度的去除率逐渐增大, 但当其用量超过0.5g时,COD、色度的去除率增加缓慢,超过0.6g时开始下降;当pH<6.5时,随着pH值降低,当pH>6.5时,随着pH值升高,COD、色度去除率均降低;随着光照时间延长,COD、色度去除率逐渐升高,但当光照时间超过 10h 后, COD、色度去除率升高幅度非常缓慢.当催化剂用量为0.6g、 pH =6.5、光照12 h时,西清河废水的COD、色度去除率分别达到75.0%、78.5%.     

Preparation of Al<Subscript>72</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>8</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>6</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>3</Subscript>Y<Subscript>3</Subscript> amorphous powders and bulk materials

Amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying. The microstructure, glass-forming ability, and crystallization behavior of amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation. In the results, the supercooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy is as high as 81 K, as determined by non-isothermal DSC curves. The activation energy for crystallization is as high as 312.6 kJ·mol?1 obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa analyses. The values of Avrami exponent (n) imply that the crystallization is dominated by interface-controlled three-dimensional growth in the early stage and the end stage and by diffusion-controlled two- or three-dimensional growth in the middle stage. In addition, the amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were sintered under 2 GPa at temperatures of 673 K and 723 K. The results show that the Vickers hardness of the compacted powders is as high as Hv 1215.     

粉末冶金TiAl基合金高温变形行为

采用等温压缩试验,在变形温度为600～1050℃、应变速率为0.002～0.2s-1的条件下,研究了粉末冶金Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr合金的高温压缩性能与高温变形行为.结果表明:合金在高温压缩变形时,屈服强度随变形温度的升高、应变速率的降低而降低,塑性趋于升高.合金在高温塑性变形时,峰值流变应力、应变速率和变形温度之间较好地满足双曲正弦函数形式修正的Arrhenius关系,说明其变形受热激活控制.在800～1050℃/0.002～0.2s-1范围内,合金应变敏感系数m为0.152,高温变形激活能Q为376kJ.mol-1.