AZ31镁合金的热变形加工图及其应用

为了确定AZ31镁合金轧制工艺参数,利用Gleeble--3500热模拟试验机进行热压缩试验以测试其热变形行为,并根据动态材料模型理论得到其热加工图.当变形温度为380～400℃、应变速率为3～12 s-1时,功率耗散效率大于30%,属于动态再结晶峰区;在该区域进行异步轧制变形退火处理后得到平均晶粒直径为2.3μm的细晶组织,抗拉强度为322.7MPa,延伸率为19.6%.当应变速率大于15 s-1时,属于流变失稳区,250～300℃低温加工时合金的塑性显著降低,350～400℃高温加工时合金出现混晶组织.     

SPS烧结温度对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金微观结构及性能的影响

以高能球磨法制备的93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe复合粉末为原料,采用放电等离子烧结技术制备93W--4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金,研究了烧结温度对钨合金微观组织及性能的影响.采用扫描电镜对试样的断口进行观察,采用能量色散谱仪对合金的组元进行成分分析.结果表明:①烧结温度对合金的性能有显著的影响,在1 350℃时钨合金的抗拉强度达到一个极大值,为981 MPa,此时钨合金的相对密度和W晶粒的尺寸分别为98.9%和5μm;②当烧结温度达到1375℃时,合金中Ni元素开始挥发,随着温度的快速上升,合金中Ni元素的挥发不断加剧,当烧结温度升高至1425℃时合金中Ni元素已完全挥发;③合金的断裂方式随着烧结温度的升高发生显著的变化,当烧结温度升至1350℃时钨合金的断裂方式由W晶粒界面分离向W-W、W-黏结相界面断裂转变,而当烧结温度超过此温度时钨合金的断裂方式又转变为W晶粒的沿晶脆性断裂;④SPS快速烧结能够有效抑制W晶粒的长大,促进钨合金的细晶强化作用.     

Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr非晶（纳米晶）合金的磁性机理研究

采用单辊甩带法制取了Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr非晶合金薄带。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）等手段对非晶态和晶化后的薄带的微观结构和磁性能进行了表征和测试,研究了Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr合金中磁性能随着Zr含量以及退火温度变化的磁性机理。结果表明,在铸态Fe-...     

连续柱状晶组织BFe10-1-1合金的电化学腐蚀性能

采用线性极化、电化学阻抗谱等电化学方法研究了连续柱状晶组织BFe10-1-1合金在3.5%（质量分数）NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能,并与普通铸造多晶组织BFe10-1-1合金进行了对比.极化曲线测试结果表明,两种合金具有相似的电化学行为,极化曲线都包括活性溶解区、活化-钝化转变区和极限电流区,但连续柱状晶组织合金腐蚀速率小于普通铸造多晶组织合金,主要是由于连续柱状晶组织BFe10-1-1合金的微观偏析程度较小,能有效避免枝晶间局部腐蚀的发生.电化学阻抗谱测试结果也表明,该合金的电荷传递电阻和腐蚀产物膜电阻均大于普通铸造多晶组织合金,具有更高的耐蚀性.     

非铁基材料化学镀镍基合金

采用化学镀的方法在钨振子、PVC表面沉积镍基合金。为获得钨振子与镀层同较强的结合力，通过采用不同预处理、热处理方法来完成。实验表明，用以双氧水为主的混合液预处理，Ni-P合金镀层结合力最佳；在保护性气氛中热处理，可大大增强镀层与基体结合力。PVC表面用氯化钯活化可得到导电性良好的镍基合金镀层。     

Effect of Zr addition on the stability of precipitated Laves phase and mechanical properties of Fe–Cr–Al-based alloys at high temperatures

The effect of a small amount of Zr addition on the temperature-dependent stability of Laves phase particles and mechanical properties of Fe-13.5Cr-4.73Al-2.07Mo-(0.34–0.5)Nb-(0.65–0.98)Ta-(0–0.33)Zr (wt. %) ferritic alloys was investigated in the present study. The designed alloy ingots were hot-rolled, aged at 1073 ?K for 24 ?h, and then re-treated at 1273 ?K, 1323 ?K, 1373 ?K, and 1473 ?K for 1 ?h, respectively. It was found that the Zr addition could not only stabilize the Fe₂M Laves phase (M ?= ?Mo,Nb,Ta,Zr) to a much higher temperature, but also induce the formation of stable Fe₂₃Zr₆ phase. The high-temperature (HT) microstructural stability of the alloys significantly was improved, as evidenced by the fact that a certain amount (0.66–1.19%) of precipitates (Fe₂M, Fe₂₃Zr₆, and core(Fe₂₃Zr₆)-shell(Fe₂M)-structured particles) with an appropriate size (～1.0 ?μm) uniformly distributed in the ferritic matrix even after being re-treated at 1473 ?K. Particularly, the formation of core-shell-structured particles at HTs was studied from the viewpoint of both solid solubility and diffusion coefficient of M in the matrix. All these aged alloys exhibited prominent mechanical properties at both room and elevated temperatures, showing high yield strength with σ_YS ?= ?490–560 ?MPa at room-temperature and σ_YS ?= ?80–85 ?MPa at 1073 ?K. The strengthening effect was further discussed in light of various strengthening mechanisms, and the calculated strength are in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Influence of ECAP on the fatigue behavior of age-hardenable 2xxx aluminum alloy

The fatigue behavior under load control and the mechanical properties of commercial 2011 aluminum as an age-hardenable Al alloy was studied. To estimate the effects of the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) process, solution heat treatments, and aging on the fatigue life, tests were conducted at four different stages:furnace cooling; furnace cooling plus one ECAP pass; solid solution heat treatment, quenching, one ECAP pass plus aging at peak age level; and the T6 condition. Only one pass was possible at room temperature because of the high strength of the material. The fracture surface morphology and microstructure after fatigue were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results revealed that the optimum fatigue life under load control, the tensile strength, and the Vickers hardness of the material were interdependent. The optimum fatigue life under load control was achieved by increasing the tensile strength and hardness of the material.     

Electrochemical investigation on the hydrogen permeation behavior of 7075-T6 Al alloy and its influence on stress corrosion cracking

The hydrogen permeation behavior and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of precharged 7075-T6 Al alloy were investigated in this paper. Devanthan–Stachurski (D-S) cell tests were used to measure the apparent hydrogen diffusivity and hydrogen permeation current density of specimens immersed in 3.5wt% NaCl solution. Electrochemical experiment results show that the SCC susceptibility is low during anodic polarization. Both corrosion pits and hydrogen-induced cracking are evident in scanning electron microscope images after the specimens have been charging for 24 h.     

超声波制备TiO_2光催化降解气相苯的研究

文章以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用超声波分散450℃焙烧物得到了纳米TiO2光催化剂,以苯为模拟气体,在静态反应装置中考察了该催化剂对气相苯的光催化降解性能。结果表明,采用超声波制备的TiO2光催化剂能显著提高对苯的光催化降解性能,超声波制备的TiO2上苯转化率是搅拌制备的TiO2的1.7倍。BET结果显示超声波制备的光催化剂比表面比搅拌制备的光催化剂高;XRD表征结果表明TiO2呈锐钛型;紫外-可见漫反射结果显示超声波制备的TiO2在可见区吸收增强。     

深冷处理下铝和铝合金的晶粒转动

在80K,47～60h条件下,对1～8系12种铝合金进行了深冷处理．通过研究发现,长时间的深冷处理可以使铝和铝合金的XRD衍射峰值的强弱发生明显的变化,即深冷处理使铝和铝合金晶粒发生了转动,出现了择优取向即织构现象．为了进一步证实这种现象,对深冷处理前后的高纯电容铝箔进行了面密度扫描,并计算了各(HKL)晶面的轴密度ρ(HKL)和晶面占参与衍射的晶面总数的比A(HKL)．此外,对深冷处理下铝和铝合金发生晶粒转动的机理进行了讨论．结果表明,从高纯电容铝箔轧制材和工业纯铝(1230合金)的挤压材深冷处理后的衍射峰值增强并非同一衍射晶面,可以认为深冷处理引起的择优取向不仅取决于铝合金的成分,还与加工工艺有关