Recent temperature increase recorded in an ice core in the source region of Yangtze River

Interests on climate change in the source region of Yangtze River have been raised since it is a region with the greatest warming over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A 70-year history of precipitation δ~(18)O has been recovered using an ice core record retrieved in a plat portion of the firn area in the Guoqu Glacier (33°34′37.8″N, 91°10′35.3″E, 5720 m a.s.l.), Mt. Geladaindong (the source region of Yangtze River), in November, 2005. By using a significant positive relationship between ice core δ~(18)O record and summer air temperature (July to September) from the nearby meteorological stations, a history of summer air temperature has been reconstructed for the last 70 years. Summer temperature was relatively low in 1940s and high in 1950s to the middle of 1960s. The lowest temperature occurred in the middle of 1970s. Temperature was low in 1980s and dramatically increased since 1990s, keeping the trend to the begin-ning of the 21st century. The warming rate recorded in the ice core with 0.5℃/10 a since 1970s is much higher that that in the central TP and the Northern Hemisphere (NH), and it becomes 1.1℃/10 a since 1990s which is also higher than these from the central TP and the NH, reflecting an accelerated warm-ing and a more sensitive response to global warming in the high elevation region.     

网络环境下西藏地区藏文信息资源共享可行性研究的意义

藏文信息资源是祖国民族文化宝库中独具特色的一颗璀灿明珠。自古以来藏文就是藏民族文化传承的主要载体。但是,目前西藏地区大多数藏文信息服务机构由于观念、体制、法律、技术、人才、设备、资金、服务等因素制约,不能适应网络环境下用户信息服务的迫切需求,严重阻碍着藏文信息资源的可持续利用与发展。藏文信息资源正面临着能否顺利跨入信息时代的严峻考验,鉴于这种状况,文章从社会学和理论图书馆学两个角度,对网络环境下西藏地区藏文信息资源共享可行性研究的意义进行阐述。     

略述清朝时期的西藏社会体育活动

文章探讨了清朝时期的西藏社会体育活动,认为清朝中央政府在加强对西藏地方的治理和促进当地的经济、政治、文化、教育发展的过程中,在全社会掀起习武练功热潮,极大地促进了西藏民族传统体育的发展和社会体育活动的开展。     

传统街市生活与现代物质关怀——对城市现代化进程的一点思考

现代城市的范式是使市区变成金融、商贸、娱乐中心，城市变成一座花园式城市.而传统建筑似乎成了障碍。在城市现代化进程中，如何保持城市的历史文化风貌、个性和特性显得尤为重要。     

基于ECC算法的软件注册码方案

通过对软件注册码的性能要求进行分析，提出了基于椭圆曲线密码算法ECC的注册码应用方案，该方案充分发挥了ECC算法签名和认证模块的相对独立性和安全性，更好地防止了非法注册码的传播和制作，是一个高强度的软件注册码方案。     

ISPS规则下长江沿线内河港口保安体制的构建

以构建长江沿线内河港口保安体制为例,进一步推动ISPS规则在中国全面有效的实施.应用态势(SWOT)分析法对内河港口保安体制的建立进行综合分析,可为有关部门完善内河港口保安体制提供积极的参考.     

Water isotope variations in the snow pack and summer precipitation at July 1 Glacier, Qilian Mountains in northwest China

This paper presents the stable isotope data of the snow pack and summer precipitation collected at the July 1 Glacier, Qilian Mountains in northwest China and analyses their relationships with meteorologi- cal factors. On an event scale, there is no temperature effect on the δ 18O values in the summer pre- cipitation, whereas the amount effect is shown to be clear. By tracing the moisture transport history and comparing the precipitation with its isotopic composition, it is shown that this amount effect not only reflects the change in moisture trajectory, which is related to the monsoon activities, but is also associated with the cooling degree of vapor in the cloud, the evaporation of falling raindrops and the isotopic exchange between the falling drops and the atmospheric vapor. As very little precipitation occurs in winter, the snow pack profile mainly represents the precipitation in the other three seasons. There are low precipitation δ 18O ratios in summer and high ratios in spring and autumn. The Meteoric Water Line (MLW) for the summer precipitation is δ D = 7.6 δ 18O 13.3, which is similar to that at Delingha, located in the south rim of the Qilian Mountains. The MWL for the snow pack is δ D = 10.4 δ 18O 41.4, showing a large slope and intercept. The deuterium excess (d) of the snow pack is positively correlated with δ 18O, indicating that both d and δ 18O decrease from spring to summer and increase from early autumn to early spring. This then results in the high slope and intercept of the MWL. Sea- sonal fluctuations of d in the snow pack indicate the change of moisture source and trajectory. During spring and autumn, the moisture originates from continental recycling or rapid evaporation over rela- tively warm water bodies like Black, Caspian and Aral Seas when the dry westerly air masses pass over them, hence very high d values in precipitation are formed. During summer, the monsoon is responsi- ble for the low d values. This indicates that the monsoon can reach the western part of the Qilian Mountains.     

藏族传统歌舞——访藏族著名艺术家雪康·索朗达杰教授(之一)

雪康·索朗达杰教授是原中国民族音乐家协会理事,西藏音乐家协会副会长,西藏大学艺术学院教授。1922年,他生于西藏首府拉萨,从小接触藏族传统音乐,并受过专门的训练。青少年时候的他不仅能歌善舞,还能弹奏各种藏族传统乐器,在藏族音乐理论研究方面有其独到建树。文章根据2004年3月西藏电视台藏语版《七色风》栏目就藏族传统音乐、舞蹈问题对雪康.索朗达杰教授进行采访的录像实况摘编,主要对藏族堆谐、朗玛、森白果子、道歌等歌舞的起源、特征等问题进行探讨。读到这篇文章的时候,教授离开我们已一年有余。我们在纪念雪康教授的同时,希望这一篇访谈也能给读者一点启迪。     

"都市玉男"服饰文化现象探析

随着全球经济发展出现的“都市玉男”服饰文化现象，引起了社会各界的关注，成为人们讨论的热点。本文结合心理学和医学理论，试图揭露该文化形成的原因，并对其产生、发展和影响进行了分析。     

Chinese Word Boundary Ambiguity and Unknown Word Resolution Using Unsupervised Methods

An unsupervised framework to partially resolve the four issues, namely ambiguity, unknown word, knowledge acquisition and efficient algorithm, in developing a robust Chinese segmentation system is described.It first proposes a statistical segmentation model integrating the simplified character juncture model (SCJM) with word formation power.The advantage of this model is that it can employ the affinity of characters inside or outside a word and word formation power simultaneously to process disambiguation and all the parameters can be estimated in an unsupervised way.After investigating the differences between real and theoretical size of segmentation space, we apply A* algorithm to perform segmentation without exhaustively searching all the potential segmentations.Finally, an unsupervised version of Chinese word-formation patterns to detect unknown words is presented.Experiments show that the proposed methods are efficient.