论物理量与量纲

物理量是物理学中一个最基本概念，整个物理学的所有研究内容围绕着各个不同物理量展开，对物理量及表示物理量性质的量纲的深入理解，对学习和研究物理学理论具有非常重要的意义。     

玻璃管空气预热器管内沿程阻力特性的研究

本文指出了目前套用钢管式空气预热器的经验公式计算玻璃管空气预热器管内沿程阻力系数的缺陷,介绍了作者关于硼硅玻璃管空气预热器管内沿程阻力特性的试验研究结果,提出了相应的计算式。     

热和空气对我国几种道路沥青粘度的影响

采用几种国产道路沥青在薄膜烘箱中经受不同温度和时间,分别测定其试验前后,温度为60℃时的粘度,以此粘度的比值作为老化指数的变化趋势,并与国产沥青铺路试验性能进行对照。其粘度比值从小到大为:大庆丙脱 100号、兰炼100号、单家寺100号、大港氧化100号、胜利直馏100号、高升100号、胜利氧化100号、任邱100号、独山子氧化100号。上述结果与我国沥青试验路铺筑试验抗开裂性能的三年总结的结果基本上是吻合的。为此建立预测沥青老化性能的评价方法。     

外源性生长激素对改善腹腔感染时生长激素不敏感状态中的作用

探索了外源性生长激素对改善腹腔感染时生长激素不敏感中的作用。应用盲肠结扎穿孔法（CLP）制备腹腔感染大鼠模型,同时给予外源性生长激素;应用放射免疫法测定血清生长激素（GH）水平;应用逆转录多聚酶链反应（RT-PCR）法测定肝组织胰岛素样生长因子I(IGF-I)、生长激素受体（GHR）和细胞因子信号传导抑制体3(SOCS-3)mRNA的表达;应用ELISA测定血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白介素6(IL-6)水平。结果表明腹腔感染组大鼠血清生长激素水平与对照组无明显差异,但肝组织IGF-ImRNA表达明显下降;给予外源性生长激素后可明显降低血清TNF-α和IL-6水平,同时可更快地促使GHR和IGF-ImRNA表达的上调及下调SOCS-3mRNA的表达。腹腔感染时机体存在对生长激素的不敏感状态,给予外源性生长激素后可明显地改善感染状态下机体对生长激素的敏感性。     

当代中国体育教学的嬗变

通过对近20年体育教学观发展变化的回顾,认为体育教学观变化的特点是从传统的“教学”变为“学教”;由教“学”变为教“思”。在这样的教学思想指导下,体育教学发生了深刻的变化,出现了学生自主学习的教学模式,注重学生体育能力和创新能力的培养,使体育教学呈现出前所未有的新局面。     

On emplacement ages of lamproites in Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, China

Emplacement ages of lamproites that comprise lamproite and olivine lamproite in Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, China, have been constrained by the whole-rock Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isochron methods and the whole rock K-Ar method. Intrusive activities of lamproites in the Sinantang area of Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, took place during the Late Cambrian, as indicated by the Sm-Nd isochron ages ( t ) = (503 ± 17) (2σ) Ma and by the Rb-Sr isochron ages ( t ) = (501.2 ± 4.6) (2σ) Ma. Intrusive activities of olivine lamproites at the Maping with Ⅱ-type diamond and Xitou in Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province, took place from the Late Cambrian to the Early Ordovician, as evidenced by the Sm-Nd isochron ages ( t ) = (502 ± 27) (2σ) Ma and by the Rb-Sr isochron age ( t ) = (502 ± 27) (2σ) Ma. This suggests that the upwelling hot materials derived from the deep mantle were emplaced from the Late Cambrian to the Early Ordovician (503-497 Ma), while the time terminal of cooling of the geothermal event of magmatism-tectonism probably was at 442.64-435.54 Ma, as dated by the whole rock K-Ar method.     

Radiolarian record to paleoecological environment change events over the past 1.2 MaBP in the southern South China Sea

This note studies the Radiolarian fossil groups since 1.2 MaBP in ODP leg 184 site 1143, the southern South China Sea (SCS). The result shows that radiolarian abundance experienced a significant variation: before 0.9 MaBP it remained at the extremely low level, but increased with low extent between 0.9–0.65 Ma, which corresponded to the Mid-Pleistocene Transition stage, and it increased rapidly after 0.65 MaBP. During the whole process, the average abundance became higher and higher in each stage, and showed regularly periodic fluctuations. The obvious increase after 0.65 MaBP is inferred to result from the enhanced upwelling in this region, which was induced by the intensified monsoon circulation after the “Mid-Pleistocene Transition”. An outstanding result of the spectral analyses is that a long oscillation of ∼ 0.2 Ma cycle was found in the records of radiolarian abundance and complex diversity, which corresponds well to the result of other paleoceanographic indexes. This probably indicated a special cycle characteristic of paleoecological environment evolution in this area. In addition, all of the radiolarian indexes show an obvious boundary in about 0.47 MaBP, indicating the abrupt variation of the community structure and radiolarian abundance level before and after 0.47 MaBP. So we suppose that there existed a distinct change event of oceanic ecology environment during that period.     

低渗油藏合理井网密度的确定

合理井网密度的确定是低渗透油田开发的一个重要问题.利用谢尔卡乔夫的采收率与井网密度关系式,推得了单井可采储量、可采期的单井效益和单位面积总效益随井网密度变化的关系式.以单位面积总效益最大化为准则推得了合理井网密度及其对应的采收率、单井可采储量、可采期的单井效益和最大单位面积总效益,同时求出了经济极限井网密度.讨论了原油价格变化对合理井网密度及其对应的单井可采储量、可采期的单井效益和最大单位面积总效益的影响.油田应用实例表明,该方法对于低渗透油田开发方案和开发调整方案的经济技术论证有较好的指导作用.     

部分水解聚丙烯酰胺/柠檬酸铝胶态分散体系在多孔介质中的渗流特征

利用胶结砂和填充砂2种多孔介质物理模型,通过岩心流动试验的方法评价了部分水解聚丙烯酰胺/柠檬酸铝胶态分散体系(HACDS)在多孔介质中的流动性能.试验表明:随多孔介质中HACDS注入量的增加,水驱压力波浪式升高;HACDS的残余阻力系数随流速的增加而减小;HACDS的残余阻力系数远大于同浓度的HPAM溶液的残余阻力系数;成胶后的HACDS较未成胶的HACDS具有更好的封堵效果;HACDS具有选择性封堵作用;HACDS的突破压力梯度随流速的增加而增大,而且重复注入后,突破压力梯度大幅提高,是一种较好的调剖材料.     

基于因子分析法的西藏区域工业经济结构综合评价

为了较好地评价区域工业经济结构的合理性,以西藏自治区工业经济结构为研究对象,提出以综合经济效益为基准的多指标综合评价标准并且运用因子分析法,将反映工业经济效益的多项指标集结为一个综合指标,通过对各经济成分和各工业部门综合经济效益的排序对西藏自治区2001年工业经济结构进行分析,指出了西藏工业经济从所有制结构和产业结构两个方面存在不合理,并给出了相应的评价.