一类弱耦合反应扩散方程组的初边值问题的奇摄动

讨论了一类弱耦合反应扩散方程组的初边值问题的奇摄动。利用多重尺度法构造了边界层项,给出了上、下解的表达式,利用它们研究了误差,得到了解的一致有效渐近展开式,从而证明了解的存在唯一性。     

Ia型超新星测距揭示宇宙的命运——2011年诺贝尔物理学奖简介

2011年度诺贝尔物理学奖授予了在天体物理研究领域取得杰出成就的美国科学家索尔·波尔马特、拥有美国和澳大利亚双重国籍的科学家布赖恩·施密特以及美国科学家亚当·里斯。他们通过Ia型超新星测距发现宇宙的膨胀是加速的,从而揭示了暗能量的存在。笔者将对人类认识宇宙的过程、Ia型超新星与宇宙加速膨胀、暗能量以及Ia型超新星研究中存在的问题做全面的介绍,并介绍中国学者在该领域的研究进展。文章的最后做了展望。     

极近距离煤层采空区下扩切巷与支护方式

四台矿综采三队12#8733面为极近距离煤层采空区下内错布置工作面,层间距仅0.9～2.0 m,文章介绍了在该条件下综采设备稳装期间及采煤机扩切巷的工艺、工序及支护的措施,对类似条件下工程施工具有一定参考价值。     

Huntington’s disease: from huntingtin function and dysfunction to therapeutic strategies

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that usually starts in middle age and is characterized by involuntary movements (chorea), personality changes and dementia, leading to death within 10–20 years. The defective gene in HD contains a trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion within its coding region that expresses a polyglutamine repeat in the protein huntingtin. Together with the characteristic formation of aggregates in HD, aberrant protein interactions and several post-translational modifications affect huntingtin during disease progression and lead to the dysfunction and death of selective neurons in the brains of patients. The exact molecular mechanisms by which mutant huntingtin induces cell death are not completely understood but may involve the gain of new toxic functions and the loss of the beneficial properties of huntingtin. This review focuses on the cellular functions in which huntingtin is involved and how a better understanding of pathogenic pathways can lead to new therapeutic approaches. Received 24 May 2006; received after revision 5 July 2006; accepted 23 August 2006     

Expansion of amino acid homo-sequences in proteins: Insights into the role of amino acid homo-polymers and of the protein context in aggregation

Expansion of amino acid homo-sequences, such as polyglutamines or polyalanines, in proteins has been directly implicated in various degenerative diseases through a mechanism of protein misfolding and aggregation. However, it is still unclear how the nature of the expansion and the protein context influence the tendency of a protein to aggregate. Here, we have addressed these questions using spinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (ATX3) protein, the best characterised of the polyglutamine proteins, chosen as a model system. Using a transfected mammalian cell line, we demonstrate that ATX3 aggregation is noticeably reduced by deletion or replacement of regions other than the polyglutamine tract. The nature of the amino acid homo-sequences also has a strong influence on aggregation. From our studies, we draw general conclusions on the effect of the protein architecture and of the amino acid homo-sequence on pathology. Received 3 March 2006; received after revision 19 April 2006; accepted 22 May 2006     

微生物学设计性拓展实验的教学探索

微生物学作为一门重要的专业基础课,知识涵盖面广、实践性和操作性强.在完成微生物学基本实验的基础上,开展设计性拓展实验,有利于进一步拓宽学生的视野,增强学生的动手能力,提高学生的探究能力.     

多项式的泰勒展开式的应用

利用多项式的泰勒公式,给出与代数式化简相关问题的新方法.     

Boussinesq方程新的精确解

应用扩展的Jacobi椭圆函数有理展开法并辅助符号计算,建立了Boussinesq方程新的Jacobi椭圆双周期波解和相应的三角函数单周期解.     

不同粒度肥煤的膨胀性研究

对不同粒级淮北宿州肥煤的奥亚膨胀度、黏结指数、最大胶质层厚度、有机显微组分、挥发分以及镜质组氧元素含量进行分析。结果表明,不同粒级肥煤的黏结指数G值和最大胶质层厚度Y值无明显差异,且奥亚膨胀度b值和膨胀温度区间的变化趋势基本一致;0.5～2mm粒级肥煤的膨胀性能较优,粒度大于2mm或小于0.5mm肥煤的最大膨胀度b值和膨胀温度区间相对较小,其膨胀性能明显劣化。讨论了采用膨胀性指标表征肥煤工艺性质的优越性,并从活惰比、镜质组氧元素含量和活性成分比表面积对不同粒级肥煤膨胀性差异进行了分析。     

四阶非局部边值问题的正解的存在性

应用锥拉伸与锥压缩不动点定理,讨论了一类非线性四阶微分方程非局部边值问题的正解的存在性,构造了一个合适的锥和凸泛函,得到了该问题正解的存在性。