喀斯特流域地貌类型对枯水径流特征的影响分析

从水文地貌流域系统的角度出发,分析喀斯特流域地貌类型与枯水径流的关系,并作枯水流量频率分析计算,按地貌形态组合类型把流域分为喀斯特流域、喀斯特化流域和非喀斯特流域3种类型,初步建立喀斯特流域地貌类型对枯水影响的回归方程并检验,揭示喀斯特地区枯水径流的规律,为分析和预测枯水径流提供理论依据。     

Determination of the Altyn Tagh strike-slip fault basin and its relationship with mountains

A special extended basin topography is developed in the middle segment of the Altyn Tagh Fault Zone. The ratio of its length to width is over 50. The long boundaries at the two sides of the basin are controlled by the straight normal faults with strike-slip component. Within the basin, the Cenozoic strata are spread. The Altyn Tagh main fault goes through the basin, and a series of strike-slip topography was formed within the basin. The reverse thrust structures were formed at the two sides of the center of the basin, thus making the geological bodies composed of old metamorphic rocks at the two sides of the basin extrude vertically，and forming the extended massif (mountain) at the sides of the basin and parallel to the basin. This special topography was called the strike-slip fault basin. The giant extended strike-slip fault basin began to form during Pliocene, and its topography was basically formed during the late Pleistocene. It is the special topography formed during the strike-slip deformation process of the Altyn Tagh Fault Zone and under both transpression and uplifting.     

Reservoir characteristics and genesis of high-porosity and high-permeability reservoirs in Tarim Basin

Based on detailed studies, this paper proposesthat in the Tarim Basin, hydrocarbon reservoirs widespreadeither in vertical sequences or in plane and high-porosity andhigh-permeability reservoirs are developed all over the basin.However, obvious difference and heterogeneity exist amongdifferent kinds of reservoirs. The lithologic characteristics,reservoir space types and reservoir properties in variousstrata have been probed. The result indicates that althoughthe Paleozoic carbonates have been deeply buried for a longperiod, high-quality reservoirs with the porosity of up to 5%—8% (12% as the maximum) and the permeability of10×10^-3—100×10^-3 μm² (1000×10^-3 μm² as the maximum)can be found in certain areas. These include the area withthe development of reefs and carbonate beaches, the weath-ered-crust buried-hill belts that have undergone thelong-term exposure, weathering and leaching, the area withthe development of dolomitization, and those areas that haveexperienced the resolution of carbonic acid and organic acidgenerated by the maturity of the organic matter. Finally, thegenesis of the high-porosity and high-permeability reservoirsin deep-buried conditions (with the depth more than 3500 m)have been investigated thoroughly.     

Timing and history of marine hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim craton

<正> Based on the analyses of hydrocarbon inclu-sions, K-Ar dating of authigenic illites and oil/gas-watercontact retrospection as well as other methods, the marineprimary reservoirs in the cratonic region of the Tarim Basinare found to have been formed in the late Caledonian toearly Hercynian, late Hercynian, and Himalayan, and oil andgas adjusted and redistributed in the Yanshanian (Jurassic toCretaceous) and Himalayan (Tertiary). The analyses alsoshow that the remaining primary oil accumulations aremostly formed in the late Hercynian, and the secondary oilreservoirs resulted from the adjustment and redistribution ofthe earlier accumulations during the Yanshanian and Hima-layan (especially late Himalayan), of which the Himalayan isalso the major stage of gas accumulation. The primary oilreservoirs formed in the late Hercynian mostly occur withinthe Paleozoic formation, whereas the secondary reservoirsformed in the Himalayan in the Mesozoic. The late adjust-ment and redistribution of reservoirs in the craton region ofthe Tarim Basin is ubiquitous because of the intensified tec-tonic movements since the Mesozoic, especially Cenozoic andintrusion of the high- to over-mature gas. Furthermore, thelower amplitude of reservoirs in the craton region also makesthem easier to be adjusted and redistributed. Therefore, theremaining paleo-uplift and palaeo-slope developed in rela-tively stable tectonic regions are the main potential areas forthe middle-large marine reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.     

徐霞客江右信江红色盆地丹霞地貌考察研究

以明末旅行家徐霞客晚年对江右信江红色盆地的旅行考察为研究对象 ,将该盆地的丹霞地貌进行了分类 ,并提出了进一步搞好旅游开发的建议     

浅谈造山带与沉积盆地的关系

从当今地球科学研究前沿动态出发，论述了造山带与沉积盆地是统一的构造框架和动力体制下形成的孪生体，它们在空间上相互依存，在物质关系上表现为深部的补偿和浅部的剥蚀及直接供给，在它们的形成和演化过程中，深层岩石圈圈层间存在着耦合关系，对今后把造山带和盆地置于一个系统加以研究，具有重要的指导意义。     

洪浩尔舒特凹陷非构造油气藏的形成及勘探前景——以洪东洼槽为例

以洪东洼槽为例 ,根据其钻井剖面、地震测线及测试资料 ,结合油气勘探现状 ,运用沉积学、层序地层学等多学科理论 ,以沉积、构造演化入手的油气地质动态综合分析法为思路 ,对洪东洼槽的基本成油条件进行深入分析 ,总结其油气勘探成功、失利的原因和油气分布规律 ,寻找有利勘探方向 .结果表明 :早白垩世阿尔善期湖盆的碎屑物质主要来自陡岸 ,在纵向上形成多套自生自储式含油组合 ;在平面上形成多期继承、叠加连片的非构造圈闭 .最后指出阿上段、阿中段是油气钻探的主要目的层段 ,努格达构造带下倾部位是非构造油气藏形成的有利部位和有利勘探方向     

M盆地走滑特征与油气富集规律

通过对大型走滑型M盆地的研究发现，在早、晚白垩世不同的走滑时期分别形成NEE，NW和NNW向三大构造体系，表现出剪切和扭张两种不同形式的走滑构造特征。认为：M盆地油气丰富但复杂多变，早期，紧临中非断裂带，断陷深度大，沉积下巨厚的下白垩统生油层系；后期，中非断裂带走滑方向变化，沉积中心向南转移，在远离中非断裂带的南区沉积了上白垩统优质的厚层泥岩，形成了大油田的区域盖层，是控制油气分布与富集的关键。     

基于WebGIS的流域环境信息系统设计与开发——以江苏省为例

以几个重大原则为指导，运用WebGIS技术，设计开发了江苏省流域环境信息系统。系统开发采用ARC／INFOGIS平台、SQL数据库管理系统，结合VB等高级编程语言完成。整个系统是基于Internet/Intranet技术的Web信息发布系统，重点讨论了该系统的总体结构与功能，系统由数据库管理模块、流域环境管理模块和应用模型库3部分构成，解决了空间数据与属性数据的集成问题，实现为流域环境管理部门提供辅助决策支持目的。     

第四系天然气藏储层物性参数测井解释模型

以柴达木盆地东部台南第四系松散未成岩生物气藏为例 ,研究建立该类储层物性参数测井解释模型的方法。主要包括 :(1)应用“JD 5 81”常规测井资料 ,通过定量计算对声波测井进行了压实、泥质及含气影响的校正 ,建立了孔隙度测井解释模型 ,探索性地提出声波测井曲线天然气影响的定量校正方法 ;(2 )根据毛管理论 ,综合应用毛管压力曲线、岩石物性、岩性分析及测井资料建立了渗透率测井解释模型。研究结果表明 ,利用电阻率曲线对声波测井进行天然气影响的定量校正方法是可行的 ,该方法提高了气藏孔隙度声波测井解释模型的精度 ,实现了应用“JD 5 81”常规测井资料即可进行储层孔隙度参数评价的研究。储层微观孔隙结构参数孔喉半径均值的主要影响因素是岩石比表面及孔隙度 ,综合利用孔隙度与岩性测井曲线可以较为准确地计算该参数 ,这为储层渗透率参数的评价奠定了基础。