完美T形树的匹配唯一性

研究了完美T形树T（l1,l2,l3)的匹配唯一性，给出了其匹配唯一的充分必要条件，定理A 设G=T（l1,l2,l3)是T形树，若l1,l2,l3至少有一对相等，则G必匹配等价于一类Q∪P型图。定理B 设G=T（l1,l2,l3)是完美T形树，则图G匹配唯一的充分必要条件是l1,l2,l3互不相等。     

基于Simplex-annealing混合方法的模型参数估计

针对现有算法的导数依赖性及其局部优化性能 ,为控制工程中的模型参数估计课题提供一种新思路。把具有概率突跳特性模拟退火 (SA)和基于高维 Euclid空间中凸多面体结构的单纯形搜索法 (SM)有机地结合 ,通过对搜索操作和参数的有效设计 ,提出了一种基于 Sim plex- annealing混合算法 (SMSA)的模型参数估计方法。对以传递函数、状态空间和自回归滑动平均 (ARMA)模型形式表达的不同典型对象进行仿真 ,结果表明 :SMSA方法在模型结构已知的情况下可准确地估计参数 ,其性能明显优于单一遗传算法(GA)     

利用模拟退火算法对200 MW供热堆堆芯核设计的优化

对 2 0 0 MW核供热堆装载模式 (燃料组件布置、可燃毒物棒根数和可燃毒物质量分数配置 )进行了优化。利用模拟退火算法和先进格林函数节块法进行多步燃耗优化计算。引入敏感性系数 ,并通过敏感性分析的方法决定优化参数 ,因此在单目标和多目标优化时均取得了明显的效果。对组件布置和可燃毒物质量分数的优化计算结果表明 ,在不改变原有的富集度和组件类型的前提下 ,与参考值相比 ,优化后的循环长度、功率峰因子和卸料燃耗均有明显的改善。该燃料管理方法不仅可用于低温堆而且也可以推广到压水堆     

合成气在超临界流体及F-T重质烃中的扩散行为研究

对CO和H2在483K、3．5MPa条件下，在充满F－T合成产物（平均相对分子质量400）或超临界正戊烷的催化剂微孔内的扩散速率、孔内气体浓度分布以及催化剂的内表面利用率进行了模拟计算。结果表明合成气在F－T产物中的扩散速率比超临界介质中低得多，从而造成了气相反应中从催化剂孔中到孔内显著的合成气浓度梯度及催化剂内表面利用率的下降，从理论上解释了超临界条件下CO转化率和烃收率优于气相反应的原因。     

Spectroscopic studies on interaction of hemoglobin and serum albumin with nicotine

The interactions of nicotine and Hb/SA were studied in vitro by UV/Vis, fluorescence, 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies. The UV/Vis absorbance of Hb/SA (200 nm)shifted to red and decreased gradually with the addition of nicotine, indicating that the protein conformational change resulted from the chemical interaction. With increasing nicotine concentration, incubation of SA with nicotine caused the quenching of fluorescence typical of protein tryptophan residues, which meant that the vicinity of the tryptophan residues of SA was changed because of nicotine. FT-IR spectra showed that α-helix component of Hb/SA decreased, turn and β-structure components of Hb/SA increased in the presence of nicotine. In the 1H NMR spectra of nicotine, all proton peaks on pyrrolidinyl ring moved to downfield and the resonance emanating from nicotine was preferentially broadened while the concentration of Hb/SA increased. All these results indicate that nicotine and Hb/SA in vitro interact on each other, forming a new complex and inducing the protein conformational change.     

中甸鸢尾的核型分析

首次报道中旬鸢尾的染色体数目和核型分析。结果如下：中甸鸢尾核型公式为K(2n)=28=20m 4sm 4st。     

一类T_(BOS)~n 唯一路径簇构造与图形特性分析

应用布尔序集关系理论，研究了一类典型Ｔ _ＢＯＳ^ｎ 唯一路径簇的构造与实现方法．同时给出基本图形特性的分析．     

Immune responses to DNA vaccines

DNA vaccines, based on plasmid vectors expressing an antigen under the control of a strong promoter, have been shown to induce protective immune responses to a number of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and parasites. They have also displayed efficacy in treatment or prevention of cancer, allergic diseases and autoimmunity. Immunologically, DNA vaccines induce a full spectrum of immune responses that include cytolytic T cells, T helper cells and antibodies. The immune response to DNA vaccines can be enhanced by genetic engineering of the antigen to facilitate its presentation to B and T cells. Furthermore, the immune response can be modulated by genetic adjuvants in the form of vectors expressing biologically active determinants or by more traditional adjuvants that facilitate uptake of DNA into cells. The ease of genetic manipulation of DNA vaccines invites their use not only as vaccines but also as research tools for immunologists and microbiologists. Received 26 October 1998; received after revision 3 December 1998; accepted 3 December 1998     

Dexamethasone enhances CTLA-4 expression during T cell activation

T cell activation is enhanced by the costimulatory interaction of B7 on antigen-presenting cells and CD28 on T cells, resulting in long-term T cell proliferation, differentiation and production of large amounts of cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-2. CTLA-4 is a co-stimulation receptor that shares 31% homology with CD28 and binds B7 family members with higher affinity. CTLA-4 is transiently expressed intracellularly and on the cell surface following activation of T cells. We have studied the kinetics of CTLA-4 expression and the effects of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression during T cell activation in cultures of mouse spleen cells stimulated by a mixture of immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD3/CD28 mAb) or concanavalin A (ConA). CTLA-4 expression peaked on day 2 and returned to background levels after 7 days. Dexamethasone was found to potentiate CTLA-4 expression in a dose-dependent manner with an EC₅₀ effective concentration 50%) of about 10⁻⁸ M. In contrast, other immunosuppressive agents, such as rapamycin or cyclosporin A had no or an inhibitory effect on CTLA-4 expression, respectively. Dexamethasone also stimulated CD28 expression, but inhibited IL-2R expression during anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-induced mouse splenic T cell activation. Western blot analyses of lysates of activated mouse T cells showed that dexamethasone increased CTLA-4 protein levels twofold during anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-induced activation. Dexamethasone also enhanced CTLA-4 messenger RNA twofold as quantified by ribonuclease protection assay. The effects of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression were glucocorticoid-specific and completely inhibited by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone (RU486), indicating that the effect of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression is mediated through the glucocorticoid receptor. In conclusion, the immunosuppressive agent dexamethasone actually stimulates CTLA-4 expression, which is involved in downregulation of T cell activation. Received 19 May 1999; received after revision 13 July 1999; accepted 13 July 1999     

ISDN标准接入的多功能数字终端

论述了综合业务数字网（ＩＳＤＮ）及其标准用户──网络接口的基本概念；对用户网络接口的体系结构作了较为详细的说明，给出了具体的软件实现方法和硬件接口电路（ＳＮＩＣ）．在此基础上，提出了ＩＳＤＮ标准数字话音终端和基于基本接入能力（２Ｂ＋Ｄ）的多功能数字终端的设计方案。