Fuzzy特征子群与全不变子群

本文讨论了群G的F特征子群与其水平子群族的关系;提出了F全不变子群的概念,研究了它的基本性质;最后就F子群的水平子群链的概念给出了一个注释.     

一类T_(BOS)~n 唯一路径簇构造与图形特性分析

应用布尔序集关系理论，研究了一类典型Ｔ _ＢＯＳ^ｎ 唯一路径簇的构造与实现方法．同时给出基本图形特性的分析．     

无穷小群（Gq）1上的内射模

设Ｇｑ是特征为零的代数闭域Ｋ上的量子线性群，（Ｇｑ）１是Ｇｑ的无穷小群，证明了任一个有限维的（Ｇｑ）１内射模都可以提升为Ｇｑ模。     

QCLT群为超可解群的充分条件

对偶阶的QCLT群的超可解性进行了讨论,给出了五个充分条件。     

S—半正规子群与超可解子群

利用S-半正规子群的概念刻划了超可解子群,从而推广了张继平等人的结果。     

Immune responses to DNA vaccines

DNA vaccines, based on plasmid vectors expressing an antigen under the control of a strong promoter, have been shown to induce protective immune responses to a number of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and parasites. They have also displayed efficacy in treatment or prevention of cancer, allergic diseases and autoimmunity. Immunologically, DNA vaccines induce a full spectrum of immune responses that include cytolytic T cells, T helper cells and antibodies. The immune response to DNA vaccines can be enhanced by genetic engineering of the antigen to facilitate its presentation to B and T cells. Furthermore, the immune response can be modulated by genetic adjuvants in the form of vectors expressing biologically active determinants or by more traditional adjuvants that facilitate uptake of DNA into cells. The ease of genetic manipulation of DNA vaccines invites their use not only as vaccines but also as research tools for immunologists and microbiologists. Received 26 October 1998; received after revision 3 December 1998; accepted 3 December 1998     

Dexamethasone enhances CTLA-4 expression during T cell activation

T cell activation is enhanced by the costimulatory interaction of B7 on antigen-presenting cells and CD28 on T cells, resulting in long-term T cell proliferation, differentiation and production of large amounts of cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-2. CTLA-4 is a co-stimulation receptor that shares 31% homology with CD28 and binds B7 family members with higher affinity. CTLA-4 is transiently expressed intracellularly and on the cell surface following activation of T cells. We have studied the kinetics of CTLA-4 expression and the effects of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression during T cell activation in cultures of mouse spleen cells stimulated by a mixture of immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD3/CD28 mAb) or concanavalin A (ConA). CTLA-4 expression peaked on day 2 and returned to background levels after 7 days. Dexamethasone was found to potentiate CTLA-4 expression in a dose-dependent manner with an EC₅₀ effective concentration 50%) of about 10⁻⁸ M. In contrast, other immunosuppressive agents, such as rapamycin or cyclosporin A had no or an inhibitory effect on CTLA-4 expression, respectively. Dexamethasone also stimulated CD28 expression, but inhibited IL-2R expression during anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-induced mouse splenic T cell activation. Western blot analyses of lysates of activated mouse T cells showed that dexamethasone increased CTLA-4 protein levels twofold during anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-induced activation. Dexamethasone also enhanced CTLA-4 messenger RNA twofold as quantified by ribonuclease protection assay. The effects of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression were glucocorticoid-specific and completely inhibited by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone (RU486), indicating that the effect of dexamethasone on CTLA-4 expression is mediated through the glucocorticoid receptor. In conclusion, the immunosuppressive agent dexamethasone actually stimulates CTLA-4 expression, which is involved in downregulation of T cell activation. Received 19 May 1999; received after revision 13 July 1999; accepted 13 July 1999     

Sylow-子群的正规化子具有一定性质的有限群的结构

对子群的正规化子具有一定性质的有限可解群的结构进行了探讨，获得了2个主要结果：可解群G是幂零群当且仅当对Vp∈π（G），Nc（G）为p-幂零群；给出了可解群G的部分给定指数的Sylow-子群的正规化子是幂零群的G结构．     

ISDN标准接入的多功能数字终端

论述了综合业务数字网（ＩＳＤＮ）及其标准用户──网络接口的基本概念；对用户网络接口的体系结构作了较为详细的说明，给出了具体的软件实现方法和硬件接口电路（ＳＮＩＣ）．在此基础上，提出了ＩＳＤＮ标准数字话音终端和基于基本接入能力（２Ｂ＋Ｄ）的多功能数字终端的设计方案。