脉冲星表面磁层中电子运动的曲率辐射

本文从Lorentz协变方程和推迟势出发,讨论了在脉冲星表面磁层强磁场条件下电子的运动和辐射.并根据天体物理的有关实测数据参数,给出了曲率辐射表达式的具体形式及临界频率与峰频的数值.     

对液体表面张力的微观解释的几点商榷

1 在液态中,在某种情况下,当温度一定时可认为分子处于静态平衡位置。本文认为,表面张力是由液体表面层分子受到一个指向液内的合力所引起的以及表面张力是由液体表面层分子受到一个指向液内的合引力所引起的提法都不完善。 2 本文论证了在表面层分子从各个方面所受的斥力不相同,从而提出了表面层分子所受的斥应力不具有各相同性的假定。 3 本文从暂态过程作出了分子从表面层下方移到上方时的受力分析,并依托正势能与负势能的变化,从力和能的角度来说明液面具有附加势能(自由能),从而分析了液体的表面现象。 4 根据排列规则,并充分考虑到了斥力作用,以水为例作了粗略计算,从而得出液体表面层切向上的相互作用的合引力大于相互作用的合斥力,说明了表面张力在宏观上是一对沿切向上的相互作用的引力。综上所述,在解释表面张力的微观机制时,不应该忽略斥力作用。     

Electroch emical properties and interfacial reactions of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ nanorods

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ which possesses a high voltage of 4.7 V vs.Li+/Li and stable structure has been considered as a promising cathode material for high energy Li-ion batteries.In this study,well-crystalli...     

Plasmonic Bloch oscillations and resonant Zener tunneling in subwavelength metal-dielectric-air waveguide superlattices

In this paper,we study the propagation properties of surface plasmon polaritons in plasmonic single-cavity superlattices and two-cavity superlattices which are composed of two kinds of alternately stacked subwavelength metal-dielectric-air waveguides with large dispersion.Theoretical predictions of plasmonic time-resolved Bloch oscillations existing in single-cavity superlat-tices and resonant Zener tunneling(ZT) occurring in two-cavity superlattices by the transfer matrix method(TMM) are well dem-onstrated by the numerical simulations on the propagation of SPPs pulse in the two kinds of superlattices by the finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) method.The two proposed superlattices can be conveniently fabricated by present nanotechnology,and the study may promote the realization of plasmonic BO and resonant ZT in nanoscale devices experimentally.     

3-烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵表面活性的研究

研究了３－烷氧基－２－羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵在不同温度下的表面张力,表面吸附和热力学函数的变化．     

不同电解液中钛合金电解等离子体抛光的对比分析

利用粗糙度仪、激光发射率测试仪、光学及电子显微镜等设备,对不同电解液体系中得到的钛合金试样表面的粗糙度及形貌进行了分析.结果表明:配方4电解液体系中得到的试样表面最为平整、镜面效果最好;配方1、2、3处理得到的膜层表面粗糙度也有较大的改善.     

钨铜基电镀铝层阳极氧化后的组织和性能研究

采用直流草酸法对镀铝层进行阳极氧化,研究了氧化电压和氧化时间对氧化层表面形貌、组织结构及表面绝缘性的影响。采用金相显微镜对镀铝层和氧化层表面形貌进行观察,扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析镀铝层和氧化层的成分与结构,并对其硬度进行测试,探索钨铜箔片上制备氧化铝的最佳工艺。实验现象表明:经过阳极氧化处理后,氧化层表面致密平滑,由非晶Al2O3和Al相组成,电绝缘性能良好;氧化铝膜的硬度随着氧化时间呈现先增加后降低,最后趋于稳定的趋势;而氧化铝膜的硬度随着氧化电压增大而增大。当氧化电压控制在30 V,氧化时间在3-6 h时,最有利于氧化膜的形成,且膜厚呈增大趋势。     

Formation of highly crystalline maghemite nanoparticles from ferrihydrite in the liquid phase

Fe5O7（OH）·4H2O ferrihydrite is a low-crystal- linity antiferromagnetic material, γ-Fe2O3 （maghemite） magnetic nanoparticles were prepared from a ferrihydrite precursor, by chemically induced transformation in FeCl2/ NaOH solution. The magnetization, morphology, crystal structure and chemical composition of the products were determined by vibrating sample magnetometry, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. Ferrihydrite underwent aggregation growth and transformed into α-FeO（OH） （goethite） particles, which subsequently transformed into γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, that became coated with NaCI. The γ-Fe2O3 particles had a flake-like morphology, when prepared from 0.01 mol/L FeCl2 and a FeCl2：NaOH molar ratio of 0.4. The γ-Fe2O3 particles were more spherical, when prepared from a FeCl2：NaOH molar ratio of 0.6. The Fe content of the flake-like particles was lower than that of the spherical particles. Their magnetizations were similar, and the coercivity of the flake-like particles was larger. The differences in morphology and magnetization were attributed to the surface effect, and the difference in coercivity to the shape effect.     

Effects of baria on propane oxidation activity of Pd/Al2O3 catalyst: Pd–BaO interactio n and reaction routes

The BaO-modified Pd/Al2O3exhibits much better catalytic activity than Pd/Al2O3for C3H8 oxidation both before and after the hydrothermal aging treatment. Further studies ascribe its good activity to the influence of BaO species on the physicochemical characteristics of the catalyst and the reaction routes. Firstly, the BaO species inhibits the phase transformation of alumina, resulting in higher surface area of the catalysts and hereby a better dispersion of Pd. Secondly, the basic nature and electron-withdrawing effect of barium oxide maintain palladium at high oxidation state, which leads to a higher PdO content on surface of the BaO-modified catalyst. Finally, the formation/decomposition of carbonate/bicarbonate species can be promoted by the addition of BaO, which provide extra reaction routes and are important for the deep oxidation of C3H8.     

Auto CAD中零件表面粗糙度标注功能的开发

论述了以计算机绘图软件AutoCAD为图形支持软件,实现零件图表面粗糙度自动标注的程序设计方法,用这种方法使零件图表面粗糙度的自动标注成为可能。