Hybrid solar cells based on poly（3-hexylthiophene） and electrospun TiO2 nanofibers modified with CdS nanoparticles

Organic–inorganic hybrid solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and electrospun TiO2 nano bers were fabricated by solution process.The ef ciency of the device was improved by modifying CdS nanoparticles on the surface of TiO2 by electrochemical method.The CdS layer can lead to the increase of both open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the device,which are attributed to enhanced exciton dissociation and light absorption and suppressed carrier recombination by CdS at the heterojunction.However,too thick CdS layer led to increased series resistance and decreased ef ciency of the device.Therefore,the optimum condition of the CdS deposition was obtained,which increased the power conversion ef ciency of the device for about 50%.Our results indicate that the surface modi cation on the inorganic semiconductor layer is an effect way to improve the performance of the hybrid solar cells.     

粗糙表面TE散射的Monte Carlo摸拟

研究了随机粗糙表面的电磁散射问题.在用数值方法研究粗糙表面电磁散射过程中,经常遇到大型的数值计算问题,为此提出一种新的基于积分方程的区域分散算法.采用这种算法,可以将大型计算问题分解为几个小型的问题进行求解.用此新的算法对粗糙表面的散射进行了Monte Carlo模拟.散射计算结果与用直接反演的计算比较结果表明,两种方法符合很好,从而证明了所提方法的可行性.另外,从散射结果我们也得到粗糙表面的背向加强现象.     

ZnO纳米线PL光谱性质改善的研究

采用CVD方法在管式炉中生长了ZnO纳米线, 并通过SEM、TEM和PL光谱仪表征了其形貌、结构及光谱性质。利用Au表面等离激元共振与材料的相互作用, 在ZnO纳米线表面镀上Au膜, 发现其对ZnO纳米线的PL光谱有明显的改善, 纳米线本征发光增强20倍左右, 缺陷发光有显著的减弱。通过高温退火, 结果显示ZnO纳米线的本征发光和缺陷发光之间存在很强的竞争, 在入射光功率一定的条件下, 高温退火后ZnO纳米线的本征发光明显地减弱, 缺陷发光显著地增强。对退火后的ZnO纳米线镀上Au膜, 发现其本征发光增强了30倍左右。这些结果比现有的报道有显著提高。     

声学形变势表面磁极化子的温度特性

采用线性组合算符方法,讨论了极性晶体内与表面光学声子耦合强,与表面声学声子耦合弱的声学形变势表面磁极化子的温度特性,结果表明：振动频率随温度的升高而减小,诱生势随温度的升高而增大。     

新型三联季铵盐表面活性剂的合成与性能研究

本文合成了一种三聚阳离子表面活性剂—三(2-氯化十二烷基二甲铵基乙基)胺(TCDAEA)。以三乙醇胺、氯化亚砜为原料,经分子内亲核取代合成了中间体三(2-氯乙基)胺并通过乙酰化法测定其转化率;然后以三(2-氯乙基)胺与N,N-二甲基十二烷基叔胺经季铵化反应合成了TCDAEA。并通过单因素条件实验考察了催化剂质量分数、反应温度、反应时间、溶剂质量分数、N,N-二甲基十二烷基叔胺与三(2-氯乙基)胺物质的量比等因素对产品产率的影响及其对产品溶液表面张力的影响。结果表明：当氢氧化钾质量分数为0.3%、nN,N-二甲基十二烷基叔胺：n三(2-氯乙基)胺=3.9、溶剂质量分数为20%、反应温度为80℃、反应时间为6h时,产品收率可达96.56%;在上述条件基础上,在25℃、临界胶束浓度为4.2?0-4mol/L时,产品溶液的表面张力降低至25.2mN/m。此外,用FT-IR方法对中间体和产物TCDAEA进行了分析表征,研究表明,TCDAEA是一种新型的三聚季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂,具有更高的表面活性。     

A new interpolation method for Antarctic surface temperature

We propose a new methodology for the spatial interpolation of annual mean temperature into a regular grid with a geographic resolution of 0.01° for Antarctica by applying a recent compilation of the Antarctic temperature data.A multiple linear regression model of the dependence of temperature on some geographic parameters (i.e.,latitude,longitude,and elevation) is proposed empirically,and the kriging method is used to determine the spatial distribution of regional and local deviations from the temperature calculated from the multiple linear regression model.The modeled value and residual grids are combined to derive a high-resolution map of surface air temperature.The performance of our new methodology is superior to a variety of benchmark methods (e.g.,inverse distance weighting,kriging,and spline methods) via cross-validation techniques.Our simulation resembles well with those distinct spatial features of surface temperature,such as the decrease in annual mean surface temperature with increasing latitude and the distance away from the coast line;and it also reveals the complex topographic effects on the spatial distribution of surface temperature.     

基于金属表面等离子激元的侧耦合半圆形腔-波导透射谱分析

设计了一种新型的基于金属表面等离子激元（Surface Plasmon Polaritons,SPPs）的亚波长金属-介质-金属型滤波器.该滤波器由一个半圆形谐振腔和一个直波导组成.使用时域耦合模理论和传输变换矩阵方法对结构进行理论分析,并通过时域有限差分方法(the finite difference time domain method,FDTD)进行数值模拟得出光谱响应.讨论了几何参数对透射曲线的影响, 并设计了一种双腔结构来获得高对比度的透射曲线.     

电容耦合氧等离子体处理ITO基片对OLED的影响

在不同条件下采用电容耦合氧等离子体处理用于有机电致发光(OLED)的ITO基片,使用接触电势法测量了基片表面功函数的改变.研究发现,氧等离子体处理可以有效地提高ITO表面的功函数.X射线光电子能谱的测量揭示了其本质:氧等离子体处理可以提高表面氧原子的含量,同时降低ITO表面锡/铟原子的比例,由此导致了ITO表面功函数的提高.高功函数的ITO可降低空穴由ITO向OLED空穴传输层中注入空穴的势垒,从而提高OLED器件的性能.进一步的基于联苯二胺衍生物NPB/8-羟基喹啉铝(Alq3)的标准器件的研究证明了这一点.研究同时发现,在相同的真空和氧压条件下,保持处理时间不变,随着射频激发功率的升高,ITO表面功函数会逐渐降低.这个功函数的降低,使得OLED器件的驱动电压升高且电流效率减小.因此使用电容耦合氧等离子体处理的ITO来制备OLED器件,需要在优化的条件下进行,以达最佳效果.在本实验系统下处理条件为射频功率100 W、时间25 s.     

The thin-wall debit of a typical cast polycrystalline M951 alloy

The effect of specimen thickness on the rupture properties of cast Ni-based polycrystal superalloy M951 was investigated in this paper. The results of the rupture tests in air under 980 ?°C/90 ?MPa revealed that the rupture life and elongation obviously decreased with decreasing specimen thickness. The thin-wall effect for polycrystal superalloy M951 is associated with several factors. First, the surface oxidation and internal nitridation induce the reduction in the load-bearing section, which accelerates the rupture fracture of thin specimens. Second, the combined effect of oxidation and stress at the surface grain boundary facilitates the premature initiation and propagation of the surface cracks in thin specimen. Third, the through-grain boundaries introduce by specimens machining are detrimental for rupture property. A direct comparison of rupture properties of thin-wall samples with different grain morphologies indicate that thin-wall effect can be diminished by avoiding through-grain boundary introduction.     

静电场对表面等离子体子共振DNA传感器灵敏度的影响

利用电场改变金膜表面固定化探针DNA的方位，从而影响了DNA杂交效率，进而影响了表面等离子体子共振DNA传感器的灵敏度。结果表明不同极性的电场对DNA传感器的作用不同：当金膜表面带负电荷时，探针DNA在电场的作用下直立在金膜上，空间位阻减小，提高杂交效率，从而使传感器的灵敏度提高，反之亦然。