棕背伯劳夏季生态的初步研究

本文报导了棕背伯劳夏季的栖息环境、活动习性、繁殖及食物组成。棕背伯劳捕食的主要对象是危害农林业的害虫,在一定程度上可减少虫害的发生,是一种有益的鸟类。     

山西霍山森林群落主要种生态位的研究

将山西霍山每50m海拔段作为一个样方调查区,作四个100m~2的样方。从山蔍海拔900m到山顶2354m,共作样方52个。将海拔作为一条反映水、热、土壤等环境因子的综合资源轴,将群落类型作为反映种群互惠、竞争关系的另一综合资源轴。选择该区12种乔木,15种灌木,计测其在两条轴上的资源选择性系数(L)生态位宽度(B),和乔木之间,灌木之间以及乔灌木之间的生态重叠值(O)。结果表明L值愈小,B值愈大,物种的资源利用能力愈强,生态幅度愈大,对某一资源的依赖性愈小,反之亦然。比较同一资源轴上的不同的L值和B值,可反映物种的优势程度和区分能力。相同生活型种间的重叠值既可作为反映种间生态学相似性的指标。也可作为判断种间有无竞争可能的参考。不同生活型种间重叠值的的大小则可作为判断种间依存和相似程度的指标。     

陕西农业综合发展中的干旱基本规律研究

分析了干旱给陕西农业发展带来的威胁和损失，总结了干旱的基本规律和干旱形成的主要原因，进而提出了相应的对策。     

"软工程"战略与西北干旱半干旱区水资源的合理利用

在简述了西北干旱半干旱区水资源特点与问题的基础上,分析了水资源浪费的主要原因,提出了水资源合理利用的“软工程”战略及其具体措施,强调从改善水资源环境,建立节水型社会及治理水土流失等方面来利用与配置干旱半干旱区的水资源。     

Response of the accumulation of proline in the bodies of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus euphratica</Emphasis> to the change of groundwater level at the lower reaches of Tarim River

The content of proline in the plant bodies is closely related to the converse-succession-resistant capability of plants. Under the drought stress, the proline accumulates rapidly in the plant bodies for maintaining a certain mois-ture content and an expanding-pressure momentum in cells through the osmoregulation, thus the drought-resis- tant capability and the converse-succession-resistant ca-pability of plants are increased[1,2]. Many researches on the relationship between the proline and the…     

QTL mapping of the root traits and their correlation analysis with drought resistance using DH lines from paddy and upland rice cross

A Double Haploid (DH) population, 116 plants, derived from the cross between Japonica upland rice IRAT109 and paddy rice Yuefu, planted in PVC pipe under upland ecosystem in 2001 and 2002, was used in this study. Seven root traits, including basal root thickness (BRT), total root number (RN), maximum root length (MRL), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), ratio of root fresh weight to shoot fresh weight (RFW/SFW) and ratio of root dry weight to shoot dry weight (RDW/SDW), were studied. Using index of drought resistance (IDR), the ratio of yield under upland ecosystem to yield under lowland ecosystem of DH lines, as the criteria of drought resistance, and correla-tion analysis between root traits and IDR, showed that BRT, MRL and RN were significantly correlated with IDR. High IDR lines had thicker BRT, longer MRL and less RN than low IDR lines. A molecular linkage map with 94 RFLP markers and 71 SSR markers covering 1535.1 cM was pro-duced. QTLs and G譋 interactions for BRT, RN, MRL, RFW, RDW, RFW/SFW and RDW/SDW were obtained based on the constructed molecular linkage map and soft-ware QTLmapper version 1.0. A total of 18 additive QTLs and 18 pairs of epistatic QTLs associated with root traits were detected. There were nine additive QTLs and two pairs of epistatic QTLs performed significant interactions with environment. Some QTLs with high general contribution and no G譋 interaction were obtained. Two pairs of epistatic QTLs mrl3 and mrl8, brt3 and brt11a controlling MRL and BRT had high general contributions of 21.51% and 13.03% respectively. An additive QTL and a pair of epistatic QTLs controlling RFW and RDW had high general contributions of 13.50% and 25.64% respectively. Marker assisted selec-tion (MAS) for rice drought resistance based on QTL with high general contribution, low G譋 interaction and tightly linkage with IDR were also discussed.     

大同市干旱分析研究及其对策

从气候角度阐明了大同市干旱的分类特点、时空分布特征以及发生规律,对引起大同干旱的原因进行了分析,并提出了抗旱的对策和建议。     

红树莓品种的越冬性初步研究

在沈阳地区,采用电导法、组织褐变法和萌芽生长法对不同红树莓品种的越冬性进行研究,结果表明,树莓越冬枝条在-20~-25℃条件下遭受冻害,致死临界温度为-30℃,越冬期间枝条表皮保水能力较差,抽条现象较严重.树莓越冬伤害为冻害和抽条伤害两种,但主要是抽条伤害.     

三十烷基磷酸酯钾(TPK)对苜蓿幼苗抗旱生理效应的影响

应用不同浓度的TPK(三十烷基磷酸酯钾)溶液在水分胁迫条件下处理苜蓿(Medlicago Sa-tiva L.)幼苗,目的是探讨TPK对苜蓿幼苗的抗旱性生理效应的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比较,三种不同浓度(0.1mg.L-1、0.01mg.L-1、0.001mg.L-1)的TPK对植株的生理指标及形态特征有明显的调节作用,均能不同程度地提高苜蓿的抗旱性。主要表现在脯氨酸含量、SOD活性、POD活性等生理指标以及株高、鲜重等形态指标的提高。其中以0.01mg.L-1的TPK溶液浓度的效果最佳。     

宝鸡市干旱气候特征分析

干旱是宝鸡市主要的气象灾害之一，根据宝鸡市１９５３年～１９９７年１１个县站的干旱史料，统计分析得出干旱的时空分布特点是：川原地区干旱突出，山区较轻，春夏旱严重，秋冬旱较轻；气候特征表现为：大旱年降水偏少程度减少６０％以上，气温偏高０．７～３．５℃。最后，探讨了干旱气候形成的主要原因。