A new type of triploid crucian crap?red crucian carp (♀)×allotetraploid (♂)

A new type of triploid hybrids (TC) was produced by crossing red crucian carp (♀) with allotetraploid hybrids (♂). This type of triploids with no barbel was spindle-shaped and gray in color. Compared with their parents, some data of the morphological traits in the triploid hybrids were intermediate to those of their parents, and some were beyond their parents with heterozygous traits. Under the same culture conditions, the growth rate of the new type triploids was faster than their maternal red crucian carp (RC). The gonadal development of triploids was obviously slower than that of diploids, and the germ cells in them were degenerated. Compared with another type of triploids produced by Japanese crucian carp (♀) with allotetraploid hybrids (♂), the new type triploids not only kept faster growth rate and sterility, but also had no barbel that was similar to the common carp. The absence of the barbel in the new type of triploids has the important significance in both the inheritance and fish breeding.     

冷却型科学级CCD荧光影像系统对细胞多参数的研究

应用冷却型科学级ＣＣＤ摄像式显微荧光影像系统对受精后２０ｄ（Ｓ２０）的红莲子叶细胞进行了ＤＮＡ,ＲＮＡ和总蛋白相对质量含量的多参数相关测量。     

颗粒级配对水泥基材料有害孔隙率的影响

水泥基材料的硬化浆体中含有大量的孔隙 ,其中的有害孔隙直接影响到耐久性 .依据所建立的微粒级配模型 ,采用粉煤灰、硅灰等球形颗粒掺合料及纳米纤维红粉 (NR)掺合料 ,设计球形颗粒紧密堆积体系与纳米纤维增强紧密堆积体系 ,讨论 2种混合体系内部的总孔隙率与有害孔隙率之间的关系 ,确定活性NR粉在水泥基材料中的作用 .研究表明 ,NR粉能够增加体系密实度 ,水泥混合体系硬化后期的总孔隙率与有害孔隙率之间服从对数关系 ,通过微粒级配模型可预知体系有害孔隙率及颗粒级配的合理性 .     

ATP男子单打不同场地类型比赛得分方式的对比研究

运用文献资料、录像统计、数理统计等研究方法,对网球运动员在不同场地的比赛得分情况进行对比研究,探讨男子网球运动员在不同场地类型比赛的得失分规律,研究表明:在红土球场比赛中,运动员的主动失误较少,技战术发挥最稳定,但各项技术的运用较为单一;在草地球场比赛中,运动员的进攻意识非常明显,主动得分的效率最高;在硬地球场比赛中,运动员各项技术使用较为均衡,战术运用灵活多变,但失误率最高.     

Impoverishment of Soil Nutrients in Gully Erosion Areas in Yuanmou Basin

The impoverishment of soil nutrients of nine gully head areas in Yuanmou Basin is assessed through an integrated evaluation method established on the basis of Fuzzy mathematics and multivariate mathematical theory. Results show that soil erosion of gully erosion area in Yuanmou basin has resulted in severe impoverishment of soil nutrients. All gully head areas are at high leves of impoverishment except for one at middle. By probing into and analyzing the mechanism of impoverishment of soil nutrients, we find that soil erosion has led to impoverishment of soil nutrients in a way of compacting soil, heightening position of obstacle horizon, and reducing the content of organic matter, as well as the direct loss of nutrient elements. Finally, this paper points out that soil and water conservation arming at the prevention of soil erosion is the most effective way against impoverishment of soil nutrients in Yuanmou basin.     

红米稻三交、单交育种的比较研究

为选育出优质高产的红米稻,利用杂合不育系（D62A/红宝石B、933A/红宝石B）,纯合不育系（D62A、933A、红宝石A）与2个白米恢复系（R527、R272）、1个红米恢复系（R319）按不完全双列杂交组配成6个三交组合和9个单交组合.结果表明：1.杂合不育系比纯合不育系柱头活力强,外露率、结实率及异交结实率好;2.红米三交种和单交种产量都远高于红米常规稻,说明红米杂交育种是可行的.红米恢复系组配的三交组合在产量优势远大于对应的单交组合;不育系为纯合红米时组配的单交种比三交种产量优势明显;白米恢复系组配的三交组合的产量与杂合不育系相关.因此红米杂交稻的选育中,应重视具有相同的遗传背景的亲本的合理搭配,三交种应重视恢复系的选择,单交种着重不育系的选择.3.对三交种、单交种12个农艺性状进行配合力分析,所有性状的特殊配合力都达到极显著水平,说明这些性状主要以非加性效应为主.杂合不育系产量一般配合力受临时保持系的影响,三交种产量特殊配合力受临时保持系影响较大,其次是恢复系.     

Inhibition of free radical induced oxidative hemolysis of red blood cells by green tea polyphenols

The in vitro oxidative hemolysis of human red blood cells (RBC) was used as a model to study the free radical induced damage of biological membranes and the inhibitory effect of natural antioxidants. The hemolysis was induced by a water-soluble free radical initiator 2,2′-azo(2- asmidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) and inhibited by the principal polyphenolic components extracted from green tea leaves, i.e. (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicat- echin gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and gallic acid (GA). Addition of AAPH at 37°C caused fast hemolysis after a short period of inhibition period, while addition of the green tea polyphenols efficiently suppressed the hemolysis in the activity sequence of EGCG＞EGC＞ECG≈EC＞GA, demonstrating that these green tea polyphenols are effective antioxidants which could protect biological membranes from free radical induced oxidative damage.     

深圳沿海浮游植物组成及赤潮发生趋势分析

目的 :为了解深圳海域 ,包括深圳湾、大鹏湾和伶仃洋的 9个站位浮游植物的种类组成及数量分布 .方法 :依据国家海洋局制订的《海洋调查规范》进行调查 .结果 :确认深圳海域共有12 5种 (变种、变型 )浮游植物 ,主要为硅藻 ,占浮游植物总量的 90 %以上 ,以角毛藻 (Chaetoceros)、根管藻 (Rhizosolenia)及海链藻 (Thalassiosira)居多 ;甲藻以原甲藻 (Prorocentrum)为多 .浮游植物的水平分布为 :东部以角毛藻为优势种群 ,西部以骨条藻 (Skeletonemacostatun)占优势 .秋末冬初总体上分析浮游植物数量并不算高 .但个别站位如大鹏湾的盐田海域数量高达 17.2× 10 6 /L ;西部的深圳湾也达 11.7× 10 5/L .叶绿素a含量从 1.10mg·m- 3 (S4 站位 )到 2 .34mg·m- 3 (S2 站位 ) .结论 :浮游植物中有约 2 0种为赤潮生物 ,发现有有毒的塔码亚历山大藻 (Alexandriumtamarense)及短裸甲藻(Gymnodiniumbreve) ,应引起高度重视 .     

Rapid growth and sterility of growth hormone gene transgenic triploid carp

Triploid carp (100%) with 150 (3n=150) chromosomes were obtained by crossing the females of improved tetraploid hybrids (♀, 4n=200) of red crucian carp (♀)×common carp (♂) with the males of diploid yellow river carp (♂, 2n=100). The crosses yielded transgenic triploid carp (positive triploid fish, 44.2% of the progeny) and non-transgenic triploid carp (negative triploid fish). Histological examination of the gonads of 24-month-old positive triploid fish suggested they were sterile and the fish were not able to produce mature gametes during the breeding season. Morphologically, both the positive and negative triploid fish were similar. They had a spindle-shaped, laterally compressed, steel grey body with two pairs of barbells. Most of the quantifiable traits of the triploid carp were intermediate between those of the two parents. The positive and negative triploid fish were raised in the same pond for 2 years. The mean body weight of the positive triploid fish was 2.3 times higher than the negative triploid fish. The weight of the largest positive triploid fish was 2.91 times higher than that of the largest negative triploid fish. Thus, we produced fast-growing transgenic triploid carp that have a reduced ecological risk because of their inability to mate and produce progeny.     

接触辉光放电等离子体对水中偶氮染料艳红B的脱色研究

为深入了解接触辉光放电等离子体降解水中有机污染物的机理,用紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了放电过程中染料结构的变化,考察了pH值、自由基清除剂等实验条件对艳红B脱色的影响.结果表明:加入羟基自由基清除剂可增强艳红B的脱色效果,加入氢自由基清除剂对艳红B的脱色有轻微的阻碍作用.溶液初始pH值在7.0~11.0之间时对脱色影响不大.随着反应的进行,溶液的化学需氧量逐渐升高.紫外-可见吸收光谱分析表明,等离子体产生的活性氢原子对偶氮键的破坏是艳红B脱色的主要原因.