A new species of Friesea (Collembola: Neanuridae) from the Antarctic Continent

A new species of Friesea was found in East Antarctica and is described here as Friesea eureka sp. nov. This is the first new collembolan species to be described from the Antarctic continent in 30 years, even though ice-free areas have been intensively surveyed over that time. It brings to five the number of described species of the genus Friesea known from the Antarctic continent and Peninsula, so is the most speciose genus of Collembola in the region. However, one of these, F. grisea Schäffer, comprises a number of cryptic species of different molecular lineages. The new species is distinguished by having 4 + 4 ocelli plus 1 + 1 hardly visible, a very reduced furca, up to four or five faintly clavate tenent hairs, four anal spines and four spinose chaetae in adult. The restricted distribution of the species emphasises the importance of protecting ice-free areas on the continent as they often contain at least one locally endemic faunal species

www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:865B9AE6-0428-4364-99A4-AF38A764D6D9     

Paratimmus provulvatus gen. nov., sp. nov. (Dorylaimida: Mydonomidae) from natural forests in Arunachal Pradesh,India

A new genus of soil-inhabiting nematode belonging to the family Mydonomidae Thorne, 1964 Thorne, G. 1964. Nematodes of Puerto Rico: Belondiroidea, new superfamily, Leptonchidae Thorne, 1934 and Belonenchidae new family (Nematoda, Adenophorea, Dorylaimida). University Puerto Rico Agriculture Experiment Station Technical paper No. 39, : 51 [Google Scholar] is described and illustrated from natural forests of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Paratimmus provulvatus gen. nov., sp .nov. is characterized by having a continuous lip region; tiny, asymmetrical odontostyle; single distinctly sclerotized guiding ring; simple, rod-like odontophore; a thin sheath (not spiral) around basal pharyngeal bulb; elongate conoid cardia; mono-opisthodelphic female genital system; transverse vulva; long filiform tail in both sexes and males with dorylaimoid spicules and three to four spaced ventromedian supplements.     

Species of the genera Bakera and Mangganeura (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Typhlocybinae) occurring on mango and other crop plants in the Oriental region

The genera Bakera (Bakera), Bakera (Guinobata) and Mangganeura (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Typhlocybinae) are re-described and compared. Sandalla is considered a synonym of Bakera (Guinobata) (syn. nov.).

Bakera (Bakera) nigrobilineata (Melichar) (=vittata Mahmood) is redescribed and illustrated from mango in the Philippines, on which it is frequently abundant, and found in association with Bakera (Bakera) luzonica sp. nov. which is described. Bakera (Bakera) abaca sp. nov. is described from the Philippines having been collected on abaca (Manila hemp). Bakera (Guinobata) nigroscuta Mahmood is redescribed from the Philippines and its association with coconut confirmed. Mangganeura reticulata Ghauri, described from Malaysia on mango, has been found in Thailand and the hitherto unknown female is described.     

Taxonomic revision of Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from the upper continental slope off north-western Australia

A collection of ascidians from 100–1000 m deep off the north-western coast of Australia has yielded 19 species, including one new, two possibly endemic to the north-western coast of Australia, four well-known Indo-west Pacific tropical species and 12 species known from the deeper waters of the western Pacific, of which 11 had not previously been recorded from off the western Australian coast or from other parts of the Indian Ocean. A third of these 12 species displays adaptations for a reduction in filter-feeding capacity, as do other known species from deeper slope and abyssal habitats. Nevertheless a connection with fauna of deep ocean basins of the Indian Ocean is not apparent at this stage. The full range of characters associated with species, genera and families are discussed, and those contributing to the identification of immature or mutilated specimens, as well as those relevant to an assessment of phylogenetic relationships, are emphasized.     

The morphological and molecular analyses of a new South American urban tardigrade offer new insights on the biological meaning of the Macrobiotus hufelandi group of species (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae)

Worldwide knowledge of tardigrade fauna is still limited, and many areas such as South America are not well studied. The collection of new substrates in Argentinean urban areas provided an opportunity to describe the new tardigrade species Macrobiotus kristenseni sp. nov. This species has been studied with an integrative taxonomic approach, analysing its morphology by light and scanning electron microscopy, and considering two genes (cox1 and 18S rRNA) for DNA barcoding and phylogenetic purposes. The species belongs to the Macrobiotus hufelandi group of species, and it is characterized by egg processes in the shape of elongated cones with truncated and enlarged apexes, and by a high genetic distance with respect to closely related species (cox1: 18.2–33.4%). Morphological and molecular data show that the Macrobiotus hufelandi group of species has to be considered a true biological entity; one of the more widespread tardigrade lineages in continental environments. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2CA51ABA-5570-4AFB-8182-CE499D97B0F1     

Genus Baseodiscus (Nemertea: Heteronemertea): Molecular identification of a new species in a phylogenetic context

A new heteronemertean, Baseodiscus jonasii sp. nov., is described from Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. It resembles B. delineatus in inner morphology but can be distinguished from this species by its different colour pattern and differences in the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. The monophyletic status of the genus is investigated by reconstructing the phylogeny of six specimens from four species assigned to this genus, together with 22 specimens from nine other heteronemertean genera, using parsimony and Bayesian analysis. The results imply that Baseodiscus is a monophyletic group while several other heteronemertean genera are non‐monophyletic.     

阿维拉霉素高产菌株的推理选育

为获得阿维拉霉素高产菌株,在研究菌株Streptomyces viridocbromogenes96(SV-96)葡萄糖及氨盐代谢的基础上,采用“NTG随机诱变 氨基乙酸和2-脱氧-D葡萄糖联合抗性”的试验方案进行阿维拉霉素高产菌株的推理选育,获得了氨基乙酸和2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖联合抗性高产突变株SV-GT-596.该菌株遗传性能良好,阿维拉霉素产量高达56.4mg/L,较出发菌株提高了162.3%.实验表明,氨基乙酸和2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖抗性推理选育可克服随机筛选的盲目性,提高筛选工作效率.     

他克莫司产生菌原生质体制备、再生与诱变

对筑波链霉菌的原生质体制备、再生条件进行了研究,建立了筑波链霉菌的原生质体诱变筛选体系.在此基础上,通过原生质体的紫外诱变处理,筛选得到1株高产菌株,与出发菌株相比,该菌株的平均发酶单位提高51.4%.通过原生质体的紫外诱变来筛选他克莫司高产菌株是一种行之有效的方法.     

温度、光照和磷质量浓度对小环藻、大型溞和金鱼藻共培养的影响

为了研究温度、光照和磷质量浓度对生物操纵效果的影响,选用小环藻、大型溞和金鱼藻分别作为浮游植物、浮游动物和大型水生植物的代表种,建立不同磷质量浓度(0.05、0.1、0.5、2mg/L)的水生微宇宙模型,研究不同温度梯度(15、20、25、30℃)、不同光照强度(1000、2600、4200、5800lx)及不同光暗比(10∶14、12∶12、14∶10、16∶8)条件下浮游动物和沉水植物的控藻效果.结果表明:磷质量浓度为0.05~0.5mg/L、温度在20~25℃时,大型溞和金鱼藻生长较好,对小环藻有明显的抑制作用;磷质量浓度为0.05~0.5 mg/L、光照强度在1000~4200lx时,大型溞和金鱼藻对小环藻有明显的抑制作用;强光(5800lx)有利于小环藻、金鱼藻的生长,但对大型溞有抑制;磷质量浓度为0.05~0.5mg·L-1,光暗比为14h∶10h时,大型溞和金鱼藻生长最好,可以达到很好的抑藻效果;当磷质量浓度相同时,温度30℃、光照5800lx时,培养液中氮磷去除率最高.