Construction of the glucose isomerase deficient strain ofStreptomyces M1033 by homologous recombination

After the establishment of the transformation conditions ofStreptomyces diastaticus No.7 Strain M1033, the integration plasmid pXW for homologous recombination, which contains a 600 bp fragment of incompleteGI (G138P. G247D) gene, has been constructed in order to realize the stable overexpression of theGI (G138P. G247D) which is valuable for large-scale industrial production. The Gigene’s disruption has been realized by pXW’s integration into M1033 chromosomes via homologous recombination andGI deficient strain ofStreptomyces M1033 has been obtained. The reliability of introduction of mutation has been proved by analysis of recombinant fragment and affirmance of existence of the mutation, as well as detection of the stability of the deficient strain.     

lat基因的失活在提高棒状链霉菌棒酸产量中的应用

利用lat基因突变的重组质粒pKCLHS对紫外诱变的克拉维酸（Clavulanic acid）高产菌株Streptomyces clavuligerusB71—14的胁基因进行了插入失活，对获得的基因突变子进行了PCR验证、菌体生长测定、发酵特征测定，并对发酵液申的克拉维酸进行了初步提取和含量测定．结果表明，突变菌株的lat基因申插入了含有阿泊拉抗性的基因片段，突变菌株的生长速度与原始菌株无明显变化，甜突变菌株的克拉维酸产量最高能达到其原始菌株的1，11～1．29倍，产头霉素C的能力显著降低．     

链霉菌(Streptomyces sp103)发酵产物对4种病原真菌的抑菌活性

采用生长速率法测定了链霉菌Streptomyces sp103的发酵液及其菌丝体的乙醇提取物对小麦赤霉病病菌、苹果轮纹病菌、苹果炭疽病菌、油菜菌核病病菌4种病原真菌的抑菌活性.结果表明:发酵液对4种病原真菌的相对抑制率分别为100%,86.7%,82.9%和100%,而其菌丝体的乙醇提取物对3种病原真菌的相对抑制率均为100%.     

微生物灭钉螺研究现状

介绍有关微生物灭钉螺方法和途径的研究现状，分别叙述了一般微生物灭螺试验及效果，并简要说明了灭螺微生物的初筛和两种微生物杀螺常用的实验方法，初步探讨了灭螺机理及对今后工作的意见。     

白黄链霉菌TD-1菌株挥发性有机物对灰霉孢菌的抑制作用

为探讨白黄链霉菌TD-1菌株挥发性有机物(VOCs)对灰霉孢菌的抑制作用,采用双皿对扣法测定VOCs对灰霉孢菌的抑菌率,通过扫描电镜观察VOCs对灰霉孢菌菌丝体的影响,利用GC/MS技术对VOCs组分进行分析。结果表明,作用5d后,6.0g TD-1菌株麦麸培养物产生的VOCs对灰霉孢菌的抑菌率为66.67%,灰霉孢菌的产孢量(3.9×10⁶个/cm²)较空白组(5.9×10⁷个/cm²)显著降低(p<0.01),且菌丝形态异常、表面粗糙,菌体细胞膜通透性增强。TD-1菌株VOCs由63种组分组成,其中2-甲基异冰片(13.52%)和1,4-二甲基金刚烷(14.08%)的相对含量较高。白黄链霉菌TD-1菌株产生的VOCs对灰霉孢菌良好的抑制作用为将其开发成生物熏蒸剂提供了理论依据。     

海洋链霉菌产生几丁质酶的研究

从闽南地区潮间带红树林根际海泥中分离到能产生几丁质酶(Chitinase)的放线菌(Actinomyces)300余株,研究了各种诱导物、碳氮源及培养条件对链霉菌S-128(Streptomyces sp.S-128)菌株几丁质酶生物合成的影响,结果表明,该菌株几丁质酶的合成能被多种几丁质所诱导,是一种诱导酶,添加氮源尤其是有机氢源能促进酶的合成,而碳源却没有这种作用,基本培养基中加入2.O％脱矿质几丁质和1.5％玉米浆,在28℃发酵5d,发酵液的几丁质酶活性可达290u/ml,该酶对几丁质的水解反应显出较宽的pH范围(pH3～8)和较好的pH稳定性,最适pH5.0,在一定的温度范围内,该酶的活性随温度的上升而增高,并以65℃的酶活性最高。     

生米卡链霉菌突变株生理特性的研究

产生麦迪霉互的生米卡链霉菌经过诱变育种后，其生理代谢特征发生了变化，不仅产生 迪霉素单位有差异，而且孢子形成和发酵生理特征与菌体蛋白及胞外酶也发生了改变，并且对外辊加入的诱导物质也存在不同的反应。     

泾阳链霉菌抗菌能力研究

对液体培养及固体培养条件下泾阳链霉菌的抗菌作用进行了测定,结果表明:这种放线菌对多种微生物类群的生长有抑制作用,并且不同的发酵条件下表现出的抗菌活性不一致,液体发酵条件下只对10种指示菌中的细菌和酵母菌有抗性,而固体培养条件下则只对其中的2种霉菌有效.两种农作物病原菌棉花枯萎病菌和青枯病菌也可被泾阳链霉菌有效地抑制.     

BlaB,a protein involved in the regulation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Streptomyces cacaoi</Emphasis> β-lactamases,is a penicillin-binding protein

Streptomyces cacaoi -lactamase genes are controlled by two regulators named blaA and blaB. Whereas BlaA has been identified as a LysR-type activator, the function of BlaB is still unknown. Its primary structure is similar to that of the serine penicillin-recognizing enzymes (PREs). Indeed, the SXXK and KTG motifs are perfectly conserved in BlaB, whereas the common SXN element found in PREs is replaced by a SDG motif. Site-directed mutations were introduced in these motifs and they all disturb -lactamase regulation. A water-soluble form of BlaB was also overexpressed in the Streptomyces lividans TK24 cytoplasm and purified. To elucidate the activity of BlaB, several compounds recognized by PREs were tested. BlaB could be acylated by some of them, and it can therefore be considered as a penicillin-binding protein. BlaB is devoid of -lactamase, D-aminopeptidase, DD-carboxypeptidase or thiolesterase activity.Received 13 January 2003; received after revision 9 April 2003; accepted 11 April 2003     

链霉菌转化阿魏酸生产香草酸

选育一株链霉菌Streptomyces 2036，能将阿魏酸转化为香草酸。通过培养基和发酵条件的优化，确定较适培养条件为：葡萄糖5g/L，酵母粉5g/L；最佳发酵条件为：pH5.0，摇瓶装液量50mL/250mL，转速130r/min，发酵温度30℃。在该条件下，链霉菌可在转接培养16h后添加阿魏酸溶液，经12h可将1g/L的底物阿魏酸转化为0.261g/L的香草酸，摩尔转化率为30.2%。