基于裂隙岩体渗透张量的水封油库水幕布置方式研究

为研究岩体渗透张量对于水封油库水幕布置方式及渗流场的影响规律,推导了等效渗透张量计算公式,模拟分析不同渗透张量与水幕布置方式组合下的渗流场。通过二维裂隙介质网络模型求得不同方向渗透系数,并拟合成渗透椭圆,求得等效渗透张量。开展了不同等效渗透张量和不同水幕布置方式的数值模拟,进行了渗流场及洞周速度分析,并采用黄岛油库进行了分析验证。研究结果表明:裂隙介质可通过各方向渗透系数的计算求出等效渗透张量,通过分析不同渗透张量与水幕布置方式组合,得出应采用水幕孔垂直于渗透主方向的布置方式。     

Cause analysis of gully erosion in Yuanmou basin of Jinshajiang valley

Some factors （i.e. lithology, topography, climate, the change of population as well as land use during the past 50 years） that could have great influence on the development of gully in the arid-hot basin of Jinshajiang valley were investigated. The results show that the factors leading to the strong gully erosion in this area include： the widely distributed Yuanmou group stratum, which promotes the development of gully erosion; the unique geomorphologic configuration that is prone to rock fall and gully erosion; the strong and time-concentrated rainfall; the arid-humid alternate climate characteristics that prepares the ground for the development of fissures in soils; the arid-hot climate that goes against the growth and recovery of vegetation; and the unreasonable and abusive human activities.     

不同贮藏时间对粳型巨胚稻B16种子发芽的影响

本文通过对不同贮藏时间的粳型巨胚稻B16种子的发芽率、发芽指数及种子霉烂数进行了测定和分析,结果表明：贮藏两年以上的种子发芽率、发芽指数极低,种子活力弱,且不耐贮藏,新收获种子,种子活力很强,抗病能力较弱。     

Rainfall-interception effect of vegetation restored region of gully in arid-hot valley of Jinshajiang River

This paper divides the process of rainfall redistribution into four levels in vegetation restored region of gully in arid-hot valley of Jinshajiang River. These levels include arbor interception, litter interception, soil interception and surface runoff. The results showed that the maximum of interception was 8.10 mm, the mean interception was 4.53 mm, the maximum of interception rate was 56.10 % and the mean interception rate was 32.63 %.When the rainfall is over 20 mm, the interception rate descends rapidly along with the rainfall increasing. The maximum of water-holding content of litter was 8.14-20.33 t/hm^2, the mean of which is 12.52 t/hm^2 and the maximum of water-holding content was over two times of it own weight. The rainfall of litter interception was 150.24 mm, accounted for the rainfall income 24.48%.The maximum water-holding capacity of soil achieves 2 198.54 t/hm^2, but that of the barren land is 1 825.60 t/hm^2. The rainfall of soil interception was 219.87 mm, accounted for the rainfall income 35.82%. The surface runoff of vegetation restored region was 43.41 mm, accounted for 7.07% of the rainfall income, but the surface runoff of non-forest land was 413,24 mm, accounts for 70.26% of the rainfall income.The surface runoff of the planted forest community was by 63.19% lower than that of the non-forest land. Through the interception of the forest land that reduced the soil erosion effectively, good hydrology effect was obtained.     

风光互补发电系统蓄电池动态参数的无线通信

给出了一种风光互补发电系统蓄电池动态数据采集和无线通信的方法.针对蓄电池充放电的电压、电流及温度等参数,设计了硬件电路并编写了上位机软件,用NRF2401芯片进行实时数据采集与无线传输,分析了NRF2401芯片的无线通信工作程序和信号调制解调办法,完成了风光互补发电系统蓄电池动态参数的监测和存储.     

极端降雨对黄土沟壑区隧洞施工力学效应影响分析

黄土地区输水隧洞的建设中,降雨入渗极大影响着输水隧洞围岩稳定性。本文利用非饱和渗流理论和数值模拟方法研究了极端降雨条件入渗与黄土沟壑区隧洞的开挖扰动耦合影响下围岩的变形和渗流场演变规律,通过Plaxis3D模型对降雨入渗下新奥法施工过程中围岩力学特性、初期支护过程进行流固耦合分析。结果显示,降雨等级越高,围岩孔隙水压力变化幅度越大,对围岩的稳定性越不利;降雨入渗与开挖扰动会加速土层中渗流场和应力场的重分布过程;基于沟道的汇水特性,隧洞围岩含水率在最初5~10 d呈台阶式增长,拱顶、拱腰和拱趾处的最大变形为17.8 mm、28.2 mm、24.6 mm,最大剪切应力为175.3 kPa、182.5 kPa、150.6 kPa,降雨结束约15~20 d围岩变形速率逐渐减小收敛至特定值,但围岩的应力持续增加,为避免围岩发生塑性变形,故可在15~20 d进行二次衬砌支护。本次研究结果可对极端降雨期黄土沟壑地区隧洞施工安全控制提供参考。     

液化石油气低温储存的技术经济研究Ⅱ．储存方式与经济性比较

通过技术经济比较对液化石油气（ＬＰＧ）常温压力法、低温压力法和低温常压法等储存方式在我国的适用性作了分析研究．分析表明低温法比常温法具有投资低、占地面积少、钢耗量小等特点，但耗电量增加．认为低温压力法比其他储存方式在我国大部分地区有更好的经济效益并提出了限压工作点选择的原则和方法，如长江流域限压点应取夏季平均温度所对应的球罐中ＬＰＧ的压力．另外对上海地区新建大型ＬＰＧ储备厂提出较为适宜的方案，限压点建议取０．４ＭＰａ．     

定检数据出现“倒挂”和零失效、装备贮存可靠性的评估

部件在贮存期进行定期检测,常常出现数据“倒挂”和零失效的现象,为合理利用这些数据,评估装备在定检时的贮存可靠度,本文选择了合适的数学模型,并得到了一些合乎实际的结果。     

昕水河流域黄土地貌演化与土壤侵蚀关系研究

本文以昕水河流域的地质构造、地貌格局、新生界松散堆积物特征为基础,以黄土地貌为主体,着重分析了黄土地貌演化与土壤侵蚀的关系,得出了土壤侵蚀的形成与黄土堆积同步进行的结论。     

柿树沟7.24泥石流形成条件和特征分析

对柿树沟7.24泥石流灾害形成条件和特征进行了分析.结果表明:柿树沟地形条件有利,物源丰富,降雨充足,前期降雨量丰富和短历时高雨强是此次泥石流的诱发因素.柿树沟7.24泥石流为沟床起动型泥石流,搬运能力强,加之防灾意识不足使此次泥石流灾害增大,表现为冲毁房屋、耕地和损毁公路3种形式.