含有状态时滞的受扰线性离散系统前馈-反馈最优控制

对在随机噪声环境下含状态时滞的线性离散系统的最优控制问题进行了研究。利用卡尔曼滤波算法求得随机干扰的最优估计值,并构造一个敏感度函数,根据麦克劳林展开式将原系统的求取过程转化为通过构造一个两点边值问题族来求解。同时在最优控制律中构造一个补偿函数以减小运算中所带来的误差。将原系统的最优控制律近似估算成M阶前馈-反馈次优控制律,再由分离原理得到含有状态时滞的受扰线性离散系统前馈-反馈最优控制律,最后通过给定一个M的具体值得到M阶的前馈-反馈次优控制律的仿真图像来对比前馈-反馈与经典状态反馈的控制作用,表明前馈-反馈在最优控制律中具有更好的控制效果。     

国家重点实验室建设的回顾与思考:1984-2008

改革开放三十年,国家重点实验室从无到有,从量的扩张到质的提升,为创新型国家建设做出了重大贡献。在分析国家重点实验室建设历程、现状及其成就与经验的基础上,提出了国家重点实验室未来发展的建议:创新管理体制;加大科研经费投入与提高经费使用效益并重;吸引、聚集、培养一流人才,致力于学术卓越;促进学科交叉与综合集成;建设优秀的实验室文化。     

浅析坡道在建筑入口空间意境表达中的作用

本文从建筑入口空间的重要性出发,分析了坡道在建筑入口空间意境表达中的作用,并结合具体实例,探讨了如何运用坡道营造入口空间意境的设计方法。     

一类奇异微分方程边值问题的数值方法

在再生核空间中讨论一类二阶奇异微分方程两点边值问题.研究方程解存在的充分性和解唯一的必要性,建立解的精确表达式,获得近似解的求解方法,数值模拟结果说明该方法的有效性.     

再生核空间中一类积分方程的解

在再生核空间中给出一类积分方程精确解u(x)的表达式,通过截断精确解u(x)直接得到方程的近似解un(x),并且un(x)一致收敛于u(x);数值算例说明该方法是有效的.     

Re-situating fieldwork and re-narrating disciplinary history in global mega-geomorphology

In 1985, more than thirty geomorphologists, planetary scientists, and remote sensing specialists gathered at a conference center in Oracle, Arizona, to discuss an emerging area of research that they called “mega-geomorphology.” Building on a conference of the same name held in London in 1981, they argued that new techniques of remote sensing and insights emerging from the study of extraterrestrial planets had created opportunities for geomorphology to broaden its spatial and temporal scope. This new approach was, however, neither unproblematic nor uncontested. In the discussions around mega-geomorphology that took place in the mid-1980s, the perceived conflict between the use of remote-sensing techniques to observe phenomena on vast spatial scales, on one hand, and the disciplinary centrality of fieldwork and field experience to geomorphology, on the other, was a recurrent theme. In response, mega-geomorphologists attempted to re-situate fieldwork and re-narrate disciplinary histories in such a way as to make remote sensing and planetary science not only compatible with geomorphological traditions but also means of revitalizing them. Only partially successful, these attempts reveal that the process of adopting a planetary perspective in geomorphology, as in other earth sciences, was neither straightforward nor inevitable. They also show how the field and fieldwork could remain central to geomorphology while also being extensively revised in light of new technical possibilities and theoretical frameworks.     

New records of Bathynellacea (Syncarida,Bathynellidae) in North America: three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella from Montana,USA

Three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella Schminke and Noodt, 1988 Schminke, H K and Noodt, W. 1988. Groundwater Crustacea of the order Bathynellacea (Malacostraca) from North America. J Crustacean Biol., 8(2): 290–299.  [Google Scholar] are described from groundwater aquifers in glaciated North America (Montana, USA). This is the first time that this genus, known previously only from the state of California, has been documented in Montana. Pacificabathynella and Paradoxibathynella Serban, 2000 Serban, E. 2000. Uenobathynella n.g., Parauenobathynella n.g., Morimotobathynella n.g., Nihobathynella n.g. et Paradoxibathynella n.g., Bathynellinae du Japón (Bathynellidae, Bathynellacea, Podophallocarida). Travaux Inst Spéol “Émile Racovitza”, 36: 3–61.  [Google Scholar] are the only genera that show sexual dimorphism in thoracopod VI. Pacificabathynella kalispellensis sp. nov. has several unique features: the setal formula of the antenna (0/2+exop/3/12/6/8/5); the setal formula of the maxilla (7/4/7/6); the presence of an epipod on thoracopod II; tufts of setulae and abundant setae on the basipod and endopod of thoracopods I to V; the epipod of thoracopod VIII female three times longer than the basipod; three smooth setae on the exopod of the female thoracopod VIII; eight spines on the endopod of the uropod and the endopod longer than the sympod, whereas the opposite is typical. Pacificabathynella stanfordi sp. nov. has several unique features: only five setae on the exopod of thoracopods II to VII, while six setae are common in the genus; only six setae on the second segment of the first pleopod; five spines on the endopod and seven setae on the exopod of the uropod. Pacificabathynella ruthae sp. nov. is the largest species and has several unique features: antennule equal in size to the antenna, whereas in the rest of the species of the genus the antenna is larger; the projection of the inner lobe of the male thoracopod VIII is bidentate and there are six spines on the endopod and nine setae on the exopod of the uropod. The three new species have slight differences in the pars molaris of the mandible and in thoracopod VIII of males, and there are other minor differences between the females and the species Pacificabathynella sequoiae. The new taxa, together with the new genus Montanabathynella described separately, represent a 30% increase in North American taxa. Considering the glaciated landscape and the fragmented nature of alluvial aquifer habitat, we believe that there is a profound lack of critical knowledge of the biogeography and biodiversity of syncarids in North America.     

国际空间站上阿尔法磁谱仪电子设备热系统的研究与设计

阿尔法磁谱仪是国际空间站上进行大型物理科学实验的仪器,包含6组精密探测仪和650个微电子处理器,主要目的是探测暗物质和反物质的存在.本文主要对阿尔法磁谱仪电子设备的热系统进行设计、模拟和分析,进行了热真空热平衡测试以及AMS在轨运行监控.对典型工况的模拟分析结果表明,电子设备的热系统能够确保所有电子设备在要求的温度范围内工作;在轨运行的启动曲线和长时间实时监测数据表明,AMS电子设备运行正常,AMS的热系统符合设计要求,能够维持电子设备在规定温度范围内工作.     

理解国家自主性:范式确立、基本内涵与理论评析

从新马克思主义的相对自主性到回归国家学派的潜在自主性、镶嵌自主性构成了国家自主性理论的研究谱系和学术图景。国家利益、官僚组织和国家能力是理解国家自主性内涵的三个核心概念。回归国家学派确立的国家中心主义研究范式是对社会中心论的一种纠正和补充,但其概念界定的模糊性与研究方法的局限性成为国家自主性理论的缺陷和不足之处。     

国家助学金评选、发放过程中存在的问题及对策探析

国家助学金制度激励了贫困大学生发愤图强,但在评定和发放过程中也存在不少困难和问题。高校应不断完善贫困学生认定程序,改进评选方式,加强大学生思想政治教育和高校教师师德建设,着力建立贫困生数据库。国家也应进一步完善资助体系。