低温下两个品系的钝顶螺旋藻质膜蛋白的变化

采用考马斯亮蓝G-250法和SDS-PAGE电泳对经低温处理和低温锻炼的内蒙古鄂尔多斯沙区碱湖的钝顶螺旋藻（S1）和引进非洲Chad湖的钝顶螺旋藻（S2）的质膜蛋白含量和电泳图谱分析表明：两种藻质膜蛋白对低温反应的规律相似,但抗寒性较强的内蒙古鄂尔多斯沙区碱湖的钝顶螺旋藻（S1）质膜蛋白含量比抗寒性较弱的引进非洲Chad湖的钝顶螺旋藻（S2）的高,较低的低温下质膜蛋白降低幅度S1〈S2;直接处理时,抗寒性较强的内蒙古鄂尔多斯沙区碱湖的钝顶螺旋藻（S1）对5℃反应更强。低温锻炼可适当增加螺旋藻的质膜蛋白含量。较低的低温下有分子量较小的新质膜蛋白的合成和分子量较大的旧质膜蛋白的解聚或解体。     

钝顶螺旋藻的培养及其生物学特性的研究

通过对钝顶螺旋藻（Ｓｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａｐｌａｔｅｎｓｉｓ）的室内培养,选择了其最佳的培养条件,对藻体中的碳水化合物、粗蛋白、灰分进行分析,并且研究了钝顶螺旋藻对铁、锌、钙、碘等生命必须元素的吸收情况。结果表明,钝顶螺旋藻在２５００ｌｕｘ,３４＋１℃,光暗比为１２：１２,ＮａＨＣＯ３浓度为１３．０ｇ／Ｌ的培养液中生物量最高可达２．６６ｍｇ干重／ｍｌ。藻体中的碳水化合物占干重的１６．０％,粗蛋白占干重／     

螺旋藻4种脱氢酶的同工酶研究

采用醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳对鄂尔多斯高原碱湖的钝顶螺旋藻S1、引进的钝顶螺旋藻S2和极大螺旋藻S3的4种脱氢酶同工酶进行了比较研究。结果表明:螺旋藻MDH同工酶为多态,G6PDH、ADH和LDH同工酶为单态;其呼吸代谢途径表现出多样性;螺旋藻仅有由H亚基构成的纯合子LDH1。     

螺旋藻抗氧化酶系统对干燥胁迫的响应

对极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maxima)进行常温脱水处理,研究干燥胁迫对螺旋藻抗氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:螺旋藻超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)对细胞脱水反应不敏感,脱水过程中其活性保持不变,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)能很快对干燥胁迫作出响应,两者活性均上升1倍左右,而过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈下降趋势.干燥胁迫30 h后各抗氧化酶活性均下降,其中POD失活.丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度在整个胁迫过程中波动较小,脱水过程中略有下降,干燥胁迫30 h后又有所上升.螺旋藻的抗氧化酶系统能抵御细胞脱水所引起的氧化伤害,其中CAT和APX的活性变化幅度可作为检验螺旋藻脱水耐受力的敏感性指标.     

螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白提取及稳定性试验

藻蓝蛋白可用于配制化妆品及各种天然食品或荧光探针标记．本研究用氯化钾溶菌酶法或冻融法破碎螺旋藻细胞壁,盐析,提取藻蓝蛋白,并对其理化特性进行了测定．表明酶法破壁适应于大量藻蓝蛋白制备,冻融法只适应于小量制备．提取率为１３％左右,提取藻蓝蛋白在４０℃以下及ｐＨ４．０～８．５之间表现稳定,４５℃以上有变色现象,荧光性减弱,糖溶液可提高藻蓝蛋白对热的稳定性,光照对藻蓝蛋白影响较小     

两种补充营养在锯缘青蟹育苗中后期的效果分析

在广西海洋研究所竹林盐场海水增养殖试验基地进行锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata)育苗中后期(Z3～M)添加投喂螺旋藻和用鱼油强化过的丰年虫两种饵料补充营养实验。实验结果表明,添加螺旋藻可以降低青蟹育苗中期状幼体Z3～Z5的死亡率和缩短育苗周期;用鱼油强化丰年虫后再投喂蟹苗,可以降低Z5～M的死亡率;两种补充方法结合使用,可以明显降低青蟹育苗后期死亡率,缩短育苗周期。     

生活废水培养螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)中的营养物质构成

研究生活废水培养螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis,SP)中的主要营养物质构成.用厨房废水(kitchenwastewater,KW)摇瓶培养SP,观察藻细胞在KW中的生长状态,以及低、高光照强度(36 μmol/m~2·S和108μmol/m~2·s)对SP生长的影响.化学比色法检测KW培养的sP(KW-SP)中的总蛋白质(Pr)、脂(Lip)和水溶性多糖(Ploys)等主要营养物质的构成.结果发现,SP在KW中的生长速率、生物量及产率可达在Zarrouk培养液(ZM)中的80%以上,并表现有明显氮营养缺乏特点;与ZM培养的SP(ZM-sp)相比,低、高光照强度下培养的KW-SP中Pr(分别占干质量的47.7%和40.3%)明显降低(P<0.05),Lip(26.5%和19.3%)显著增高(P<0.05),高光照强度下培养的KW-SP中Ploys(24.1%)显著增高(P<0.05);KW-SP中天冬氨酸(Asp)和蛋氨酸含量明显增加(P<0.05),精氨酸、组氨酸和胱氨酸含量则明显降低(P<0.05).用生活废水培养的SP营养价值仍然较高,培养过程中氮缺乏和光照强度对KW-SP中蛋白质、脂、多糖及氨基酸构成有重要影响.     

Effects of dissolved organic matter on the growth and pigments synthesis of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira)

Excessive accumulation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the culture ponds of Spirulina platensis is usually considered to be one of the potential factors affecting the production of S. platensis, however, we are not quite aware of effects of DOM on the growth and pigments synthesis of S. platensis. In the present study, S. platensis was grown in batch or semi?continuous cultures using the filtrate in the culture ponds that had not been renewed for years. It was found that disssolved organic carbon up to 60 mg/L did not bring about an inhibitory effect on the growth of S. platensis, but increased the contents of chlorophyll a and phycocyanin instead. However, further accumulation of dissolved organic matter could decrease the content of chlorophyll a.     

Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation on the photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic pigments and biomass production of Spirulina platensis

Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on Spirulina platensis were studied by investigating its photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic pigments and biomass production while exposed to full spectrum solar radiation or depleted of UVR for understanding how and to what extent UVR influences its photosynthe tic physiology and production. It was found that UVR brought about an extra inhibition of photochemical efficiency by 26%—30%. The greatest inhibition of pho tochemical efficiency in S. platensis was observed at noontime, and then recovered to some extent in late afternoon no matter which treatment they were exposed to. The contents of chlorophyll a, phycocyanin and carotenoids increased during initial stage of the exposure, but decreased with elongated exposure. UVR decre ased the biomass yield by about 6%. It indicated that filtering out UVR of solar radiation would raise the productivity of S. platensis, which is an important factor that should be considered in the production.     

螺旋藻废液中藻多糖的提取与分离纯化

从螺旋藻废液中提取藻多糖 ,经酶和Sevage脱蛋白 ,SephadexG - 2 5凝胶过滤层析除去全部 (NH4) 2 SO4,再经DEAE -SepharoseFastFlow和SephadexG - 10 0凝胶柱层析分离纯化藻多糖 ,得到两个藻多糖组分PSPⅠ、PSPⅡ ;经高效液相色谱法测定PSPⅠ相对分子量为 130 0 0 ;经完全酸水解研究 ,确定PSPⅠ是由D -葡萄糖、D -甘露糖、D -葡萄糖醛酸组成的多糖。