海岸带城市蓝绿空间碳汇基础设施网络分析——以广西北部湾为例

为探讨蓝绿基础设施(Blue-Green Infrastructure,BGI)碳汇服务功能有益于指引城市碳中和目标建设,本研究以广西北部湾海岸带城市为例,运用形态学空间格局分析(Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis,MSPA)法、连通性分析法以及电路理论,构建蓝绿基础设施碳汇网络,讨论对应的固碳增汇对策。结果表明：2020年研究区蓝绿空间碳汇总量为735 524.09 tC·a^-1,其中绿色空间碳汇总量为588 680.06 tC·a^-1,蓝色空间碳汇总量为146 844.03 tC·a^-1,单位面积碳汇量“蓝”高于“绿”;共提取63个碳汇源地斑块,20个核心源地斑块,绿色空间核心源地总面积为6 814.31 km²,蓝色空间为899.05 km²,核心源地主要分布在东西两侧及南部沿海地带;共提取出24条生态廊道,绿廊共长122.21 km,蓝廊为52.75 km,呈环状分布,中南部地区分布较密,连通性强。本研究结果可为“碳达峰与碳中和”(简称“双碳”)背景下海岸带城市的保护与可持续发展提供建设思路。     

碳水化合物二元标记法

用０和１两个数字对碳水化合物的开链结构，环形结构进行标记，并据标记符直接写也碳水化合物的立体构型，在一定范围内解决了长期以来碳水化合物的名称与其立体构型毫无联系的矛盾。     

麦地种蝇幼虫空间分布型及抽样技术的研究

本文对麦地种蝇幼虫的空间分布型及抽样技术进行了研究。结果表明：１．麦地种蝇幼虫在冬小春大田中的空间分布属奈曼Ａ型分布负二项分布兼有的聚集分布类型，并以个体群的形式存在，聚集的原因是环境因子及该虫生活习性所致；２．随着样方面积的该虫随机分布出现的概率有增加的趋势，田间调查以０．０５６ｍ＾２样方面积较为适宜。     

Urban structure and the risk of influenza A （H1N1） outbreaks in municipal districts

Changsha was one of the most affected areas during the 2009 A （H 1N 1） influenza pandemic in China. Here, we analyze the spatial-temporal dynamics of the 2009 pan- demic across Changsha municipal districts, evaluate the relationship between case incidence and the local urban spatial structure and predict high-risk areas of influenza A （H1NI）. We obtained epidemiological data on all cases of influenza A （H1NI） reported across municipal districts in Changsha dur- ing period May 2009-December 2010 and data on population density and basic geographic characteristics for 239 primary schools, 97 middle schools, 347 universities, 96 mails and markets, 674 business districts and 121 hospitals. Spatial- temporal K functions, proximity models and logistic regres- sion were used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of influenza A （H1N1） incidence and the association between influenza A （HINI） cases and spatial risk factors and predict the infection risks. We found that the 2009 influenza A （H 1N 1 ） was driven by a transmission wave from the center of the study area to surrounding areas and reported cases increased significantly after September 2009. We also found that the distribution of influenza A （H 1N1） cases was associ- ated with population density and the presence of nearest public places, especially universities （OR = 10.166）. The final pre- dictive risk map based on the multivariate logistic analysis showed high-risk areas concentrated in the center areas of the study area associated with high population density. Our find- ings support the identification of spatial risk factors and high- risk areas to guide the prioritization of preventive and miti- gation efforts against future influenza pandemics.     

云南省县域经济差异的空间分析

基于2013年县域截面数据,运用空间经济计量模型,对云南县域经济增长集聚及其影响因素进行分析.实证研究表明:云南县域经济增长具有明显的空间依赖性,在地理空间上存在集聚现象;经济增长水平较高的县域集中分布在滇中地区,而经济增长水平较低的县域则分布在滇东北、滇南、滇西南和滇西部分地区,经济增长差异显著;消费、劳动力与工业化等因素对区域经济增长具有的促进作用.并根据实证研究结果提出相应的政策建议.     

扩展空间自相关法用于线性阵列时加权拟合问题研究

针对扩展空间自相关法拟合问题,分析了系统误差和方差这两种加权因素,讨论了它们对估算相速度的影响。实验采用10个台站组成的线形阵列。结果表明:有无根据系统误差加权拟合,相速度差别较大;有无根据方差加权拟合,相速度差别较小,但个别值有明显改变;加权前后得到的频散曲线有明显差别。应用扩展空间自相关法时,必须根据系统误差和方差确定合理权值,才能更准确估算相速度。     

抗菌肽A与抗菌肽B空间构象的喇曼光谱分析

通过抗菌肽Ａ与抗菌肽Ｂ两种分子的粉末固体状态、水溶液状态空间构象的喇曼光谱分析，表明这两种抗菌肽具有不同的主链构象，在固态中分别以无规卷曲、α螺旋为主，在水溶液中分别以α螺旋、β结构为主．两种分子在水溶液中Ｃ－Ｓ侧链构象分别为扭式与反式．但色氨酸侧链环境分析表明，两种分子在水溶液中均为色氨酸残基处于部分或完全暴露状态，这一结论为色氨酸具有使抗菌肽全分子与细胞膜发生密切接触的初级锚定作用直接提供了证明     

Spatio.temporal variations of the bacterioplankton community composition in Chaohu Lake,China

Despite considerable attention paid to Chaohu Lake in China,the dynamics of bacterioplankton community composition(BCC) on spatial and seasonal scales are poorly understood.In this study.water samples were collected from autumn 2006 to summer 2007 at five positions in Chaohu Lake with different trophic status.BCC of these samples was determined by both the PCR amplifieation of the 16S rDNA gene and the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).The abundance and diversity of bacterioplankton communities at different sampling positions showed similar seasonal pattems.The BCCs in the samples varied substantially,and the pattern of changes indicated that the seasonal difiefence might have a significant impact on the BCC'S structure iU the lake.Canonical correspondence anal-ysis(CCA)on the DGGE patterns and physicochemical parameters indicated that the temperature and the levels of 5-d biochemical O2 demand(BODs),NH3-N,CODMn,total nitrogen,total phosphorous,and dissolved oxygen significantly influenced the BCC,and four of the seven variables were related to the level of eutrophication.Our results indicate that eutrophic status and season are the most inttu-ential factors in determining BCC in Chaohu Lake.     

武汉CBD规划建设问题初探

在武汉向国际性城市的目标迈进过程中，ＣＢＤ的规划建设问题是当前面临的重大问题之一。在ＣＢＤ理论基础上，指出了武汉ＣＢＤ的现状与存在的问题，最后提出了武汉ＣＢＤ规划建设的构想方案。     

杉木球果麦蛾空间分布型的研究

用比较频次法、聚集度指标法、ｌｗａｏ与Ｔａｙｌｏｒ的回归分析法，在国内首次对杉木球果麦蛾幼虫和蛹的空间分布型进行研究。结果表明幼虫和蛹均为聚集分布。并用Ｂｌａｋｉｔｈ提出的＂聚集均数＂法对聚集原因分析表明，幼虫和蛹的聚集均与其栖境有直接关系。生物学特性的作用只能通过种群密度的变化表现出来。