Covarying modes of the Pacific SST and northern hemispheric midlatitude atmospheric circulation anomalies during winter

The interannual-to-interdecadal relationship between the Pacific sea surface temperature （SST） and the northern hemispheric midlatitude＇s atmosphere represented by the circumpolar vortex was documented with the global oceanic and atmospheric reanalysis data of recent 50 years. Two covarying modes of the Pacific SST and northern circumpolar vortex anomalies during winter were examined using the singular value decomposition and wavelet analysis techniques. One is the interannual, ENSO-related mode and the other is the interdecadal, North Pacific SST-related mode with a period of around 20 years. The two modes exhibit distinct spatial structures. For the interannual mode, the SST anomaly is characterized by a typical ENSO pattern with the principal signature in the tropical eastern Pacific and secondary one in the central North Pacific, while the atmospheric anomaly is regional, characterized by a Pacific-North American pattern. For the inter- decadal mode, large SST anomaly is located in the central North Pacific, while the atmospheric anomaly is zonally global, associated with the midlatitute＇s standing long-wave variations. When the central North Pacific is colder, the long-wave is stronger, and vice versa. Further investigations suggest that the interdecadal mode could involve an interaction between ＂two oceans and an atmosphere＂.     

Assessment of coral bleaching using symbiotic zooxanthellae density and satellite remote sensing data in the Nansha Islands,South China Sea

Coral bleaching,characterized by a significant loss of symbiotic zooxanthellae,is the primary cause of mass coral mortality and reef degradation throughout the world.The characteristics,processes,and resistance of corals to bleaching varies significantly and is dependent on environmental conditions.We documented a mass coral bleaching event in June 2007 at the Meiji and Zhubi Reefs,Nansha Islands (NS),South China Sea using ecological surveys and measurement of coral zooxanthellae density and sea surface temperatures (SST).More than 35 species of corals (between 0-20 m in depth) were bleached.These bleached corals accounted for 15.6% of total corals in the investigated quadrats.The branching corals Pocillopora and Acropora were the most vulnerable species whereas the massive corals Porites and Favia were more tolerant of the high SSTs.Surprisingly,we found no evidence of bleaching in Agariciidae corals suggesting that this family is resistant to thermal stresses.The bleached corals had lost 72%-90% of their symbiotic zooxanthellae.Furthermore,corals that had no visual signs of bleaching had also lost 31%-53% of their zooxanthellae suggesting that most corals were experiencing the early stage of bleaching.The monthly mean SST during June 2007 was 30.8°C,the highest since 1998.Based on measurements of SST and the Hotspots and DHW data (NOAA),we conclude that it the extremely high SSTs triggered this coral bleaching event.Our results suggest that the previously accepted temperature thresholds used to predict coral bleaching based on satellite data are likely to underestimate the extent and intensity of coral bleaching,at least in the NS.     

黄河三角洲地区产业集群结构优化升级研究

黄河三角洲是我国最后一个尚未开发的三角洲,具有极大的经济发展潜力.随着《黄河三角洲高效生态经济区发展规划》正式批复,亟待对黄河三角洲粗放的产业集群进行产业结构优化升级.着重分析黄河三角洲产业集群结构在发展中存在的主要问题,如产业结构矛盾突出,产业集群存在同质同构,产业集群集聚度不高,技术创新能力依然过低等.在具体分析、定位黄三角地区产业集群问题的基础上,以使黄三角地区能够实现产业集群健康发展为目标,针对三次产业结构、区域经济一体化、人才科技创新、开放水平和制度建设给出具体的路径,在解决黄三角地区产业集群现存问题的同时,进一步明确了产业结构优化升级的方向.     

黄河断流的危害、成因及防治对策

黄河断流形热日趋严峻,断流的频率增加,时间延长,里程增长,严重制约了黄河流域尤其是黄河下游地区的可持续发展和开发大西部战略的实施,在分析黄河断流造成的危害,黄河断流的自然因素和人为因素的基础上,提出了加强黄河水资源的统一管理和调度,采取强制措施厉行节约用水,加快骨干工程建设加调蓄能力,加大流域生态环境综合治理的力度,适时开源增加水资源的有效供给等工程性和工程性措施,以防治黄河的断流。     

旅游客源市场SWOT分析与开发--以黄河口生态旅游区为例

旅游客源市场开发是区域旅游发展的基础 .对于一定旅游区 ,在客源市场开发中存在一定的优势 (Strength)、劣势 (Weakness)、开发机遇 (Opportunity)和威胁因素 (Threat) ,优势和劣势、机遇和威胁之间存在相互转化的互动关系 .在区域旅游客源市场调查的基础上 ,科学分析区域旅游客源市场开发中的SWOT因素 ,制定适宜的开发战略 ,可以变劣势为优势 ,化威胁为机遇 ,实现客源市场持续开发 .本文以区域旅游客源市场SWOT分析为基础 ,以山东省东营市黄河口生态旅游区为例 ,阐述了该区旅游客源市场开发中的SWOT因素 ,提出了旅游客源市场开发原则、开发时序性、开发宏观战略和具体开发措施 .     

苏北沿海陆上潮成砂体沉积区的发现及其地质意义

根据钻孔资料，首次确定苏北沿海陆上砂质沉只区的范围。该砂质沉积区以东台为顶点，呈扇形向东散开，砂层厚约１０～３０ｍ，东厚西薄，其中砂体的沉积结构和沉积构造显示，它们系潮流成因，在成因上与海域辐射砂洲相似，但处在不同的发育阶段，苏北沿海潮成砂质沉积区的发现对分析海域辐射砂洲的形成和演化过程提供了新的线索。     

黄河上游月径流量与海温的关系研究

采用相关、回归分析的方法，对黄河上游月径流量与全球海温的关系进行了分析，揭示了不同海区的海温对月径流量的影响，寻找出关键区和关键时段，建立了1—12月径流量的预报方程，对其模拟和预报结果进行了分析。研究表明，海温是影响黄河上游月径流量的重要因子。     

黄河三角洲植被研究回顾与展望

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展已确定为国家战略.黄河三角洲生物多样性的保护与恢复是黄河国家战略的重要内容,也是生态保护的首要任务.植被作为生物多样性的重要组成部分和载体,在生物多样性保护中具有不可替代性.加强黄河三角洲植被的研究,探讨其形成、维持和演化机制,对提高生物多样性、维持区域生态安全和可持续发展具有重要的学术和实...     

沿黄九省区绿色生产与绿色消费综合评价及耦合协调研究

以沿黄九省区作为研究对象,构建绿色生产与绿色消费耦合协调评价体系,运用熵权TOPSIS方法计算绿色生产水平和绿色消费水平,通过耦合协调模型探究绿色生产与绿色消费的耦合协调情况,并利用面板回归检验耦合协调度的影响因素。结果表明,研究期间沿黄九省区的绿色生产水平和绿色消费水平总体呈现上升趋势;中下游省区的绿色生产水平以及绿色生产与绿色消费的耦合协调程度略高于上游省区,上游省区的绿色消费水平略高于中下游省区;第三产业对国内生产总值的比率、建成区的绿化覆盖率显著正向影响绿色生产和绿色消费的耦合协调度,每单位耕地的农药使用量显著负向影响耦合协调度。