Cardiac protective role of a novel erythrocyte-derived depressing factor on rats and its Ca^2＋ mechanism

The cardiac protective role of a novel erythro-cyte-derived depressing factor (EDDF) on spontaneous hy-pertensive rats (SHR), calcium overload (CaO) rats and Wistar rats and its mechanism was evaluated. Mean artery pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and LVdp/dtmax were measured by physiological recorder. The effect of EDDF on the Ca2+-ATPase activity in myocardial sarcoplasmic reticu-lum (SR) of CaO rats was determined by inorganic phos-phate assay. Calcium transport in myocytes was measured by 45Ca2+ radioactive isotope measurement. The phosphoryla-tion levels of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) in myocardial tissue of SHR and CaO rats were measured by Western blot method. And the ultrastructures of cardiac muscle cells were observed with the transmission electron microscope. The results indicated that EDDF could significantly decrease MAP, HR and LVdp/dtmax in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). It seems that the mechanism might relate with activating the Ca2+-APTase, enhancing the uptake and release of Ca2+ from SR (P < 0.05), decreasing the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 of myocytes (P < 0.01) and lightening the ultrastructural lesion of cardiac muscle cells. In CaO rats, the Ca2+-ATPase activity decreased clearly com-pared to control (64.99 7.16 vs 94.48 7.68 nmol·min-1 ·mg-1 protein, P < 0.01), while EDDF (100 mg/mL) could significantly increase the activity (87.93 ?9.54 vs 64.99 ?7.16, P < 0.05, n = 7). Both uptake and release rate of Ca2+ (祄ol 45Ca2+/g protein/min) from myocardial SR of CaO rats re-markably decreased compared to control (32.40 ?2.70 and 15.46 ?1.49 vs 61.09 ?10.89 and 25.47 ?4.29, P < 0.05); EDDF (100 mg/mL) could significantly stimulate their activi-ties (50.48 6.76 and 21.76 2.75 vs 32.40 2.70 and 15.46 1.49, P < 0.05). EDDF could evidently down-regulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in myocardial tissue from SHR and CaO rats (P < 0.01), lighten the ultrastructural lesion of cardiac muscle cells of SHR as well. It is concluded that EDDF seems to play protective roles on both structure and function of heart, which closely related with amelioration of Ca2+ transport and inhibition of Ca2+-MAP kinase pathway.     

富含羧基的多肽基双亲水杂化共聚物控制碳酸钙的形成

结合N-羧基-环内酸酐开环聚合和"巯-炔"光点击反应制备了侧链富含羧基的多肽基双亲水杂化共聚物(PEO-b-PPLG-g-MPA)。该多肽基共聚物可以模拟蛋白质指导CaCO3在水溶液中的形成。圆二色谱(CD)揭示了多肽链段在水溶液中的构象变化;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)揭示了矿化过程中CaCO3的形貌变化;X-射线衍射(XRD)确认了CaCO3的晶型。结果表明,该聚合物可以有效地控制CaCO3的形貌,此时多肽链段呈无规线团构象,而不是更为有序的α-螺旋或β-折叠构象;多肽链段的含量只有达到足够的浓度时,才能有效地控制的CaCO3晶体的生长;CaCO3的形貌则可以通过调节多肽链段的长度、溶液的pH值等因素进行调控,其可以是表面光滑的微球、表面堆满了CaCO3小颗粒的超结构微球、纳米棒或呈"花瓣状"聚集的纳米棒。XRD则证明形成的CaCO3呈稳定的方解石晶型。     

3种口服钙制剂在兔体内生物利用度的比较

利用原子吸收分光光度法测定兔血清中钙的浓度来比较补钙剂G、葡萄糖酸钙、天门冬氨酸钙3种口服钙制剂在兔体内的生物利用度.结果表明,3种钙制剂间无显著性差异(P>0.05),它们对兔体内钙行为的影响是一致的.     

磷酸酯酰氧基异辛醇铝酸酯（PIA）偶联剂性质的研究

本文报导磷酸酯酰氧基异辛醇铝酸酯（ＰＩＡ）的ＩＲ、２７Ａｌ－ＮＭＲ、ＤＴＡ和水解性等理化性质的测定结果，以及ＰＩＡ改性碳酸钙在液体石蜡中的粘度、填充量、沉降性，及ＰＩＡ适用范围的主要研究结果。     

醇水体系中胰蛋白酶调控下碳酸钙的仿生合成

依据仿生矿化的基本原理,在醇水体系中以胰蛋白酶作为有机基质,CaCl2为钙源,NH4HCO3为CO2来源,采用气体扩散的方法合成了球形的碳酸钙.用XRD,SEM,FT-IR和PL等手段对所得碳酸钙进行了表征,结果发现该球形CaCO3晶体为方解石与球霞石的混合晶型,并发现在CaCO3结晶的过程中,胰蛋白酶和醇水的混合溶剂...     

水热法合成超细硫酸钙晶须

以CaSO4.2H2O为原料,采用水热法合成了超细硫酸钙晶须.以扫描电镜作为分析超细硫酸钙晶须直径的手段,得出制备超细硫酸钙晶须的最优工艺条件为反应温度120℃、料浆初始pH值9.8~10.1、料浆质量分数5%、原料粒度18.1μm.在此条件下,制备出了平均直径为0.19μm,长径比为98的超细硫酸钙晶须产品.得出的结论对超细硫酸钙晶须的工业化生产具有重要的指导意义.     

射流曝气技术在脱硫浆液氧化工艺中的应用

亚硫酸钙的氧化率是衡量高硫煤电厂石灰石/石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺效率的重要指标.笔者采用集曝气与搅拌为一体的射流曝气技术实现石灰石/石膏湿法脱硫强制氧化以提高氧化率,研究了脱硫浆液射流曝气氧化工作原理.基于ANSYS CFX对脱硫浆液罐的内部流场进行数值模拟实验,确定了浆液混合搅拌效果较为理想的射流曝气器安装方式:将3个射流曝气器垂直于浆液罐壁均布在离浆液罐底部0.8m的平面上;并在重庆某环保公司进行现场应用实验,测定了在此安装方式下射流曝气器的吸气量,并采用碘量法测定了脱硫浆液中亚硫酸钙的氧化率,应用结果表明:射流曝气器吸气量总量为59.52 m3/h,满足浆液氧化需气量要求,且浆液经过射流氧化2h后,亚硫酸钙氧化率达87.6％.     

微生物非脲解作用诱导碳酸钙沉积研究

利用嗜碱型芽孢杆菌的非脲解矿化作用,在含2种不同有机钙源的矿化培养基中实现了微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积。讨论了沉积过程中细菌生长特性及碳酸钙沉积动力学,并综合运用X射线衍射、热分析和扫描电子显微镜对沉积产物进行了研究,结果表明,降低初始钙离子浓度有利于提高有机钙源的转化率,而改变钙源种类对碳酸钙沉积动力学及碳酸钙晶型、形貌均有较大影响。含乳酸钙和谷氨酸钙的矿化培养基中分别沉积得到了结晶不良的方解石和稳定性较差的球霰石,且后者的沉积产率更高。证实了嗜碱菌的非脲解诱导碳酸钙沉积途径具备应用于混凝土防护和修复的潜质。     

犬采食高钙日粮对钙磷肠吸收影响的研究

目的　研究日粮高钙含量时 ,实验比格犬对钙磷肠吸收的影响。方法　消化试验。结果　当日粮含钙量从1 2 %提高到 2 4 %时 ,粪钙排泻量明显增加 (P <0 0 5 ) ,钙表观消化率逐渐降低 ,肠钙吸收量增加。随日粮钙含量提高 ,粪磷排泻量明显增加 (P <0 0 5 ) ,磷表观消化率和肠磷吸收量明显下降 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　犬主要通过改变肠钙排泄量来调节机体对钙的吸收 ,此外 ,高钙抑制消化道对磷的吸收     

Induction of human β-defensin-2 in airway epithelial cells by Streptococcus pneumoniae： involvement of IP3-dependent intracellular calcium release and NF-κB

Human β-definsin-2 （hBD-2） is mainly induced by bacterial factors and pro-inflammation mediators in epithelial cells. As the major cause of community-acquired pneumonia, whether Streptococcus pneumoniae （S. pneu-moniae） stimulation induces hBD-2 expression in airway epithelial cells is elusive. In this study, we found that S. pneumoniae stimulation induced hBD-2 expression in a time-and concentration-dependent manner in primary human airway epithelial cells. To further reveal the mechanism of S. pneumoniae inducing hBD-2, we found that S. pneumoniae stimulation activated NF-κB signaling pathway. Specific NF-κB inhibitor, PDTC, could reverse the induction of hBD-2 by S. pneumoniae. We also found that cellular inner Ca^2＋ signaling is involved in the S. pneumoniae-induced hBD-2. Taken together, our find-ings indicated that S. pneumoniae can stimulate the expression of hBD-2 in airway epithelial cells and NF-κB and inositol triphosphate-dependent intracellular calcium release is involved in this induction.