锚杆支护下深埋圆形洞室塑性区半径的近似解

基于无支护条件下深埋圆形洞室塑性区半径的经典求解公式,导出了塑性区半径与围岩单轴抗压强度和黏聚力之间的关系式,进行了围岩体内摩擦角和黏结强度对塑性区半径的影响敏感性对比分析,得出黏聚力对塑性区半径的影响比内摩擦角对其影响敏感性强。基于国内外学者对黏结式锚杆加固机理研究成果,导出了深埋圆形洞室锚杆支护条件下塑性区半径的近似计算公式,通过具体算例进行分析,结果表明:开挖半径一定情况下,锚杆支护下深埋圆形洞室的塑性区半径的大小不仅跟岩石本身特性有关,而且跟锚杆的规格、力学性能及布置情况都存在关系。     

钢绞线搭接锚固性能试验

针对目前钢绞线网片-聚合物砂浆加固技术中存在搭接,提出相向搭接和对扣搭接两种搭接方式,通过对拉试验研究这两种搭接方式的搭接锚固性能,包括搭接方式、钢绞线直径和涂抹聚合物砂浆.试验结果表明:1)采用配套铝扣锚固不会造成锚固位置钢绞线的局部损伤,所有试件的破坏位置均不在铝扣锚固位置;2)两种搭接方式均具有良好的搭接效果,但由于局部锚固导致钢绞线应力不均匀现象等影响,试件承载能力有10%~20%的损失量,因此,搭接位置应避开内力最大处;3)涂抹聚合物砂浆的试件和对扣搭接的试件钢绞线未出现相对滑移,而相向搭接试件出现一定的相对滑移.     

外露型钢锚箱索塔锚固结构受力机理试验

通过缩尺比例为1∶2的节段模型试验,揭示了外露型钢锚箱索塔锚固结构的受力机理,重点分析了塔壁预应力在结构中的作用效应.研究结果表明:外露型钢锚箱索塔锚固结构在中小跨径桥梁中具有较好的适用性;在塔壁不开裂的情况下,预应力不会改变水平索力在钢锚箱和混凝土塔壁之间的分配关系;预应力能够明显减少塔壁混凝土的拉应力,提高塔壁的抗裂性能,但也会降低钢板的利用率和增大焊钉剪力顺桥向作用的剪力.     

扶壁式挡墙结合桩锚复合支挡结构的设计与分析

以重庆某地形起伏较大的高填方边坡为例,根据边坡的地质条件、周边环境、土地利用率等特点综合考虑,采用扶壁式挡墙结合抗滑桩、预应力锚索进行支护.通过介绍该结构的设计方案、极限平衡法计算及有限元法整体协同分析,为今后类似边坡工程的设计计算提供一定的参考.     

Path Planning for Mobile Anchor Node in Localization Based on Ad-Hoc Localization Algorithm

For mobile anchor node static path planning cannot accord the actual distribution of node for dynamic adjustment. We take advantage of the high localization accuracy and low computational complexity of ad-hoc localization system( AHLos)algorithm. This article introduces mobile anchor nodes instead of the traditional fixed anchor nodes to improve the algorithm. The result shows that, through introduce the mobile anchor node, the information of initial anchor nodes can be configured more flexible.Meanwhile,with the use of the approximate location and the transition path,the distance and energy consumption of the mobile anchor node is greatly reduced.     

大断面煤巷锚网索联合支护安全技术研究

结合某大断面巷道(断面面积34.125m2)的现场工程实际,采用自然平衡拱理论计算围岩塑性区破坏深度,并据此设计锚杆索支护相关技术参数。采用FLAC2D数值模拟和现场工程实测等方法验证支护的合理性和科学性,现场工程实测表明:巷道开掘50m后,巷道变形趋于稳定,顶底板累计变形量为114mm,两帮累计移近量为91mm,满足安全生产需求,巷道稳定性较好。     

一种利用可靠的锚节点的非测距定位算法

无线传感网中的多类应用均需要准确的定位算法。为了评估位置,普通节点需利用与锚节点间的距离信息,估计自己的位置。因此,距离的估计在无线传感网络定位中扮演着重要的角色。传统的各向同性网INT(isotropic networks)中定位算法是将欧式距离看成最短路径距离SPD(shortest path distances)。然而,这些算法在各向异性网ANT(anisotropic networks)不能准确地估计距离,因为ANT中最短路径距离SPD与欧式距离不成线性比例;并且两节点间的最短路径被迂回,其长度可能大于相应的欧式距离。针对此问题,正确选择可靠的锚节点RANs(reliable anchor nodes)用于准确地估计距离显得格外重要。为此,面向各向异性网ANT,提出基于可靠的锚节点选择的定位方案,记为Se_RANs。每个普通节点通过三角模型原则选择三个可靠锚节点,计算这三个锚节点估计离其他锚节点间的距离,进而利用Mix-max算法估计普通节点位置,从而提高估计的准确性。同时,通过数学分析,推导了普通节点周围存在三个可靠锚节点的概率;并验证了Se_RANs方案的可行性。仿真结果表明,与DV-Hop算法相比,提出的Se_RANs方案具有小的定位均方误差(MLE)。     

Evaluating the influences of measurement time and frequency on soil respiration in a semiarid temperate grassland

Soil respiration(Soil R)is one of the largest CO2fluxes from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere.The largely seasonal and daily patterns of Soil R in semiarid grassland ecosystems indicate that measurement time and frequency would have significant influences on the assessment of seasonal soil carbon release.Based on a three-year continuous measurement of Soil R in a semiarid grassland,we found that the Soil R value measured at around 10:00 o’clock local time was the closest to its daily mean,while the value at 14:00 o’clock was found to be the highest daily rate.A measurement frequency higher than every 10 days was necessary for estimating the seasonal Soil R and its temperature sensitivity(Q10)reasonably.Our study would be useful as guidelines for manual Soil R measurements and model data selection in semiarid temperate grasslands.     

Reliability analysis on bolt support structure of coal roadway under the influence of mining

Based on the features of the serious deformation of coal roadway, many random variables of the mechanics of the surrounding rocks and the influence of mining, the reliability analysis model of the support structure of coal roadway under the influence of mining is established, and the calculating formulas of reliability of the support structure is obtained with the engineering structure reliability theory. And the reliability is calculated based on the method of Monte Carlo to the coal roadway which is exampled on the influence of mining or not. The relationship between support parameters and reliability, the mining influence coefficients and reliability is established, which provides theory foundations for the design of the coal roadway bolt support.     

土力学实验教学改革初探

目前土力学中实验教学的内容和教学方法陈旧,演示型单一型实验项目偏多,综合型设计型实验偏少,理论教学与实验脱节以及实验设备大量闲置。从倡导创新及个性化教育,倡导理论教学与工程能力的培养相结合,激发学生的学习兴趣出发,提出了综合性开放式土力学实验教学新模式。新模式在培养学生创新能力,提高教师综合素质,规范实验教学及实验中心管理上取得了好的效果。