中国某轿车生命周期内能耗和环境排放特性

以某国产轿车为实例,利用生命周期评价方法,探讨国产轿车在能源消耗和环境排放方面的特点,同时为类似产品的生命周期评价提供方法上的借鉴.     

东北地区城市群组城市流强度研究

采用城市流强度的定量分析方法,对东北三个城市群组"辽中南"、"吉中"、"哈大齐"的区位熵、外向功能量和城市流强度进行了计算分析,并基于此提出了城市群组的城市流强化与城市整合对策.结果显示,东北三个城市群组的中心城市均可以分为三类--高等、中等、低等:沈阳、大连、长春和哈尔滨以较大的城市流强度值成为各自城市群组联系的高等级中心;鞍山、丹东、营口、四平、大庆、绥化分别成为各自的中等级中心;其他城市成为各自群组的低等级中心.东北地区城市群组实现城市流强化和城市整合发展的对策为:网络化发展以解决结构与体制的矛盾,合理定向以实现各群组内部城市的整合发展,分等策略以提升城市群组内部的城市流强度.     

基于WRT方法的港口危化品物流风险评估研究

针对港口危化品物流风险管理中风险因素众多和交互影响的复杂性,构建港口危化品物流的WRT风险评估模型.首先基于物理-事理-人理WSR理论构建港口危化品物流风险评估指标框架,其次通过风险过滤和排序RFRM理论对风险因素进行双重过滤,保留关键风险因素.然后基于TSS情景构建理论从物理、事理和人理三个层面构建港口危化品物流的多维风险情景,通过深入剖析各风险情景下风险因素之间的耦合关系,刻画港口危化品物流中的不同风险状态与风险源最后,基于熵权法和贝叶斯理论对我国7个重要港口进行多维情景风险评估,结果表明天津港和南京港整体风险较大,多数情况下二维情景风险大于三维情景风险,同时从多维风险情景下对物理、事理、人理的耦合风险进行分析,展示了各港口的薄弱环节,最后为港口危化品物流风险管理提出建议.     

17世纪英国自然哲学研究方法的近代转型:兼论伦敦皇家学会的诞生

对"自然哲学"事业的共同认知,构成了19世纪之前西方学术群体从事与自然有关的研究和讨论的基础。在英国从中世纪向现代过渡的进程中,自然哲学的研究方法同样经历了一场近代转型。17世纪英国学术共同体在对以亚里士多德为代表的古代权威的质疑中,逐步确立新的实验哲学的坚实基础,自然哲学家不再局限于不考虑现实状况的纯粹思辨,开始通过实验方法对现实世界中真实存在的现象及背后的规律展开观察和解释。伦敦皇家学会的诞生,正是这种转型过程影响力的有力证明,也是其在数十年发展之后水到渠成的成果。     

对跨学科大学高等研究院评价的几点思考

在梳理中国现有大学高等研究院的基础上,从学科类型、数量质量、评价对象、评价主体、评价方法、评价过程六个方面构建了大学高等研究院评价框架.然后结合我国高等研究院发展的特点,对如何做好大学高等研究院评价工作提出了一系列的建议.     

A study of Platyplectrus Ferrière (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in mainland China

This paper reviews the Chinese species of Platyplectrus Ferrière. Twelve valid species are recognized from mainland China and a key to species is provided. Trichoplectrus Erdös (1951 Erdös, J, 1951. "Eulophidae novae. Acta Biologica". 1951, Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 2(1–3), 169–237. [Google Scholar]) is newly synonymized with Metaplectrus Ferrière (1941 Ferrière, C, 1941. New species of Euplectrini (Hym. Chalcidoidea) from Europe, Africa and Asia, Bulletin of Entomological Research 32 (1941), pp. 17–48.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) and three new combinations are proposed: Metaplectrus szepligetii (Erdös) from Platyplectrus, Platyplectrus bussy (Crawford) from Euplectrus and P. politus (Lin) from Metaplectrus. Four species of Platyplectrus were known previously from China: P. politus (Lin), P. odontogaster (Lin), P. papillata Lin and P. medius Zhu and Huang. Six species, P. bussyi (Crawford), P. laeviscuta (Thomson), P. natadae Ferrière, P. orthocraspedae Ferrière, P. pannonica (Erdös) and P. viridiceps (Ferrière) are newly recorded from China and re-described. Five new species, P. pulcher, P. setulosus, P. peculiaris, P. obtusiclavatus and P. variflagellum are described and compared with related species. Several species are also newly recorded from other regions: P. orthocraspedae Ferrière from the Afrotropical region, P. bussyi (Crawford) and P. laeviscuta (Thomson) from the Australian/Pacific region, P. laeviscuta (Thomson) from the Oriental region and P. viridiceps from the Palearctic region.     

Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae,Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples

The species from northern Vietnam described as Rana fansipani Bourret, is shown to be a synonym of the species from northern Thailand described as Rana aenea Smith, . The male secondary sex characters of this species are described in detail for the first time. Combined with a few other characters, they allow this species to be distinguished from the closely related Rana unculuanus Liu, Hu and Yang, 1960 from southern China. Both species should be placed in a subgenus Chaparana (Chaparana), a member of the tribe Paini of the subfamily Dicroglossinae of the Ranidae. In this study, we propose a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples: this consists of considering the values obtained for each specimen and for each regression factor score as morphometric characteristics of this specimen within the frame of this analysis; these values, or some of them, can be used to compare subgroups of specimens by non‐parametric tests such as the Mann–Whitney U test.     

Ten new species of the subgenus Steganina (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Stegana) from southern China

Ten new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) are described from southern to south-western China: S. (S.) convena sp. nov., S. (S.) cylindrica sp. nov., S. (S.) eurystoma sp. nov., S. (S.) hamata sp. nov., S. (S.) hirticeps sp. nov., S. (S.) latigena sp. nov., S. (S.) planiceps sp. nov., S. (S.) rhomboica sp. nov., S. (S.) setivena sp. nov. and S. (S.) sphaerica sp. nov. They cannot be placed under any established species groups. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D4B6C5A7-3700-4B0C-8355-E4564C2A7296     

Taxonomic review of Coccobius species (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) from China,with notes on their use in biological control of scale insect pests (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), and description of a new species

The Chinese species of the genus Coccobius Ratzeburg (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) are reviewed. Sixteen species, C. abdominis Huang, C. annulicornis Ratzeburg, C. azumai Tachikawa, C. chaoi Huang, C. curtifuniculatus Huang, C. flaviceps (Girault & Dodd), C. flavicornis Compere & Annecke, C. fulvus (Compere & Annecke), C. furviflagellatus Huang, C. furvus Huang, C. languidus Huang, C. longialatus Huang, C. longifuniculatus Huang, C. maculatus Huang, C. wuyiensis Huang, and one new species, Coccobius albiscutellum Wang and Huang sp.nov., are treated. A key is provided for the recognition of the females of all Chinese species of Coccobius, and notes are given on their use in biological control of scale insect pests. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F510059B-F176-46BA-B7B5-8252B06BE91F