Effect of Zr addition on the stability of precipitated Laves phase and mechanical properties of Fe–Cr–Al-based alloys at high temperatures

The effect of a small amount of Zr addition on the temperature-dependent stability of Laves phase particles and mechanical properties of Fe-13.5Cr-4.73Al-2.07Mo-(0.34–0.5)Nb-(0.65–0.98)Ta-(0–0.33)Zr (wt. %) ferritic alloys was investigated in the present study. The designed alloy ingots were hot-rolled, aged at 1073 ?K for 24 ?h, and then re-treated at 1273 ?K, 1323 ?K, 1373 ?K, and 1473 ?K for 1 ?h, respectively. It was found that the Zr addition could not only stabilize the Fe₂M Laves phase (M ?= ?Mo,Nb,Ta,Zr) to a much higher temperature, but also induce the formation of stable Fe₂₃Zr₆ phase. The high-temperature (HT) microstructural stability of the alloys significantly was improved, as evidenced by the fact that a certain amount (0.66–1.19%) of precipitates (Fe₂M, Fe₂₃Zr₆, and core(Fe₂₃Zr₆)-shell(Fe₂M)-structured particles) with an appropriate size (～1.0 ?μm) uniformly distributed in the ferritic matrix even after being re-treated at 1473 ?K. Particularly, the formation of core-shell-structured particles at HTs was studied from the viewpoint of both solid solubility and diffusion coefficient of M in the matrix. All these aged alloys exhibited prominent mechanical properties at both room and elevated temperatures, showing high yield strength with σ_YS ?= ?490–560 ?MPa at room-temperature and σ_YS ?= ?80–85 ?MPa at 1073 ?K. The strengthening effect was further discussed in light of various strengthening mechanisms, and the calculated strength are in good agreement with the experimental results.     

高铬钼抗磨合金的研制及应用

高铬钼抗磨合金本质为亚共晶型高合金白口铸铁。成分中cr/c=5～7;铸态硬度达HRc47～56;淬火后硬度HRc58～64;其金相组织为马氏体基本上(含有残留奥氏体)分布可观数量共晶型和二次合金碳化物,主要为(Fe,Cr)_7C3型具有较高的磨损抗力。适于电厂、建材、冶金、矿山等部门抗磨粒磨损零部件的制造,特别适用承受冲刷磨粒磨损零部件的制造。具有显著经济效益。     

多相Mo-Si-B合金材料的性质

多相Mo-Si-B合金是非常具有吸引力的新型高温结构材料. 它熔点高、抗氧化性、抗蠕变性和室温断裂韧性好.阐述了Mo-Si-B微观结构对多相Mo-Si-B合金性能的影响,举例说明了多相Mo-Si-B合金的抗氧化性及断裂韧性比钼或钼的硅化物有明显提高.指出了存在的问题和今后努力方向.     

DD3单晶高温合金疲劳－蠕变复合作用下的形变特点

研究了ＤＤ３单晶高温合晶在疲劳－蠕变复合作用下的材料形变特点，分析了ＤＤ３单晶在不同的交变应力和平均应力的组合下材料的动态变形曲线特点，建立了在９３０℃此单晶的疲劳－蠕变交互作用变形类的断裂特征图。研究发现ＤＤ３单晶合金断裂特征图Ｆ区具有较宽的应力范围，而Ｃ区则具有相对较窄的应力范围。这表明ＤＤ３单晶合金具有相对较强的抗蠕变能力和相对较弱的抗疲劳能力。     

高含量硅的快速分析方法研究

本文提出用二氧化二氢噻吩作β-硅钼酸的稳定剂,抑制向α-硅钼酸的转化,效果较丙酮好,并采用1-氨基-2-萘酚-4-磺酸与亚硫酸和抗坏血酸混合还原剂,促进硅钼蓝的还原,配合82型示差光度计,可在半小时内完成测定,本法可测含二氧化硅在50%以下的铝合金试样,方法快速、准确、重现性好。     

楔横轧铝合金轧件内部空洞演变

采用数值模拟的手段,研究了楔横轧轧制铝合金时轧件内部空洞演化的一般规律和工艺参数对空洞演化的影响.结果表明:轧件内部单空洞演化的一般规律是球形—椭球形—轧件内部轴向贯通的孔腔;多空洞演化时,位于轧件中心的空洞的变化规律和单空洞时相似,但其余位置的空洞发生了闭合,它们对中心空洞有正作用方面的影响;在模具的各个阶段中,楔入段的后期和展宽段的前期是内部空洞演化的关键阶段;在楔横轧加工的工艺参数方面,展宽角是影响空洞演化的最敏感因素,其次是断面收缩率,再次是成形角.研究证明了小的成形角、展宽角和断面收缩率均有利于轧件内部空腔的扩展.     

AZ31镁合金的热变形加工图及其应用

为了确定AZ31镁合金轧制工艺参数,利用Gleeble--3500热模拟试验机进行热压缩试验以测试其热变形行为,并根据动态材料模型理论得到其热加工图.当变形温度为380～400℃、应变速率为3～12 s-1时,功率耗散效率大于30%,属于动态再结晶峰区;在该区域进行异步轧制变形退火处理后得到平均晶粒直径为2.3μm的细晶组织,抗拉强度为322.7MPa,延伸率为19.6%.当应变速率大于15 s-1时,属于流变失稳区,250～300℃低温加工时合金的塑性显著降低,350～400℃高温加工时合金出现混晶组织.     

反复熔铸对钴铬烤瓷合金抗腐蚀性能影响的研究

为研究反复熔铸对钴铬烤瓷合金抗腐蚀性能的影响,按照ISO10271标准,将钴铬烤瓷合金在真空加氩气保护环境条件下,分别经过1～3次反复熔铸,制成方形试样,采用静态浸泡实验,分别浸泡于pH=2.3的电解液中,37℃密封保存7 d.检测浸泡前后合金重量、表面粗糙度、表面自由能及浸泡液中析出的离子量,并观察表面形貌的变化.结果表明,经过1～3次反复熔铸的钴铬烤瓷合金浸泡前后失重率、粗糙度、表面自由能及析出的离子量差异均无统计学意义,提示反复熔铸对钴铬烤瓷合金抗腐蚀性能没有显著影响.     

Formation and mechanical properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites with high oxygen levels

Zr-based bulk metallic glass(BMG) composites with in situ formed Y 2 O 3 particle reinforcements were synthesized by proper additions of Y to ultrahigh-oxygen-containing glass-forming alloy precursors.Microstructures,thermal stabilities,and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated.Glass formation was greatly enhanced by Y additions in the alloys and the resultant particles were homogenously distributed in the glassy matrix,allowing for the fabrication of oxide dispersion strengthened BMG composites.The compressive strength and hardness increased by 10% and 20%,respectively,with the introduction of Y 2 O 3 particles.These results are significant for the design and production of Zr-based BMGs and BMG composites with improved properties using commercial high-oxygen content raw materials under industrial conditions.     

Regulating microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Fe-Ni alloys

Mechanical properties of Al-Fe-Ni eutectic alloys have been investigated based on the nominal mass fraction of eutectic phase,and the added Fe/Ni mass ratio.The X-Ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope have been used to identify phase composition,characterize microstructure and crystal structure of Al_9FeNi phase,respectively.The results demonstrate that the nominal mass fraction of eutectic phase control the presence of primary phase.The tensile strength slightly increases,and the ductility deteriorates sharply as the volume fraction of primary phase increases.The Fe/Ni mass ratio has the profound effect on the microstructures(i.e.,size and shape) of primary phase.When the Fe/Ni ratio is approaching to 1,the primary phase becomes rod-like shape,which can enhance the ductility of alloys over the flake-like phase.The increasing cooling rate can effectively reduce the eutectic grains size and primary phase fraction,and further significantly improve mechanical properties of the alloys.