复杂地基的人工挖孔桩成孔施工技术

本文就人工挖孔灌注桩在复杂地基条件下的排水施工方法，穿越流砂、淤泥质土层，岩层和岩溶地基的人工成孔施工技术作了有益的探讨．     

基于旅游资源空间结构和市场通达度的旅游区划研究——以江苏沿江旅游发展为例

旅游区划是旅游资源开发的重要工作之一,在进行旅游资源普查、区划、规划之后才能合理的开发利用和保护旅游资源.其中不仅要进行一定数量的旅游资源的调查与评价,还要分析其空间结构和旅游交通网络,确定其旅游中心城市,以体现旅游过程的系统性、完整性以及旅游区的地域性等特点.在目前的旅游区划研究和工作中,对于旅游资源的调查与评价可以依据国家标准《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》,但在分析其空间结构和旅游交通网络方面,还缺少有效的定量分析方法和指标描述.本文基于国家《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》标准对江苏沿江旅游资源进行评价,并应用图论方法对旅游资源进行空间结构分析,以通达度作为描述旅游交通网络的指标,在以上定量研究和综合分析的基础上,对江苏沿江旅游区进行旅游区划研究.     

旱作农业区土壤墒情监测技术

阐述了土壤墒情监测的意义以及土壤墒情监测点的建立应遵循的原则,介绍了土壤墒情测试方法及相应的仪器配置、数据的分析与传递、监测资料的归档整理。     

不同水土流失治理模式下的土壤理化特征

在福建省长汀县水土流失区土壤调查与实验的基础上，对土壤理化特征进行深入分析．研究表明：研究区内因水土流失严重，土壤质地太粗，土壤养分的全量与速效含量都很低，全P和速效P的含量尤为明显，要使植被得以恢复，施肥特别是施用磷肥是一个极为重要的环节．各种土壤养分含量均随土壤侵蚀程度的增强而呈递减之势．裸露坡地土壤养分各指标均明显低于研究区的平均水平，不同的水土流失治理措施均促进了土壤肥力的提高，以园地对坡地土壤肥力的提高作用尤为明显．种植草被对磷素含量的提高起到积极的作用．随着植被覆盖度的增加，土壤养分各指标含量都随之呈现增大之势，水土流失区种植草被是生态恢复与重建的关键环节．     

抗蚜威在不同类型土壤中的残留消解动态研究

通过气相色谱法测定抗蚜威在不同类型土壤中的残留消解动态,结果表明:抗蚜威在灰钙土、灌漠土和黑垆土中施药6～7 d后的消失率达到90%以上,其消解方程分别为Ct=5.2575e-0.3905t、Ct=6.9821e-0.3289t、Ct=4.5910e-0.3919t.半衰期为T1.7～2.1 d,在土壤中的残留量随着时间延长而递减,符合一级反应动力学方程.抗蚜威属于易降解氨基甲酸酯类农药,施用后不会对土壤和环境造成污染.     

催化极谱法测定土壤中的痕量镉

采用单扫描极谱法测定土壤中镉含量,确立了1%碘化钾-1.5%酒石酸钾钠-2%三乙醇胺-0.6%盐酸-9%磷酸测定体系.在此测定体系中,镉在滴汞电极上于-0.71V(相对饱和甘汞电极)处产生一灵敏催化极谱波,镉浓度在0.2ng/ml～1μg/ml范围内与极谱峰电流有良好线性关系,检出限为0.1ng/ml.该方法用于土壤样品测定的RSD为0.6%～9.5%,加标回收率为90%～110%.该方法操作简便,用于土壤样品测定的结果满意.     

齿轮齿面接触分析TCA技术及发展动态

通过对齿轮齿面接触分析TCA技术(利用电子计算机进行齿面接触区域的分析和修正)的研究,介绍了齿面接触分析TCA技术的基本原理、发展现状以及发展动态,阐明了TCA技术在现代工业生产中重要意义。     

The contribution of root respiration to soil CO2 efflux in Puccinellia tenuiflora dominated community in a semi-arid meadow steppe

Rising atmospheric CO2 and temperature are altering ecosystem carbon cycling. Grasslands play an important role in regional climate change and global carbon cycle. Below-ground processes play a key role in the grassland carbon cycle because they regulate …     

Temporal-spatial dynamics of distribution patterns of microorganism relating to biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert

Biological soil crusts serve as an important biological factor contributing to the sand fixation. This study was conducted to investigate the temporal-spatial variability of microorganism in crusts relating to locations, soil layers of sand dunes and seasons. At moss-dominated inter-dune areas, higher soil nutrient and water concentrations were likely to maintain the microbial activities. Bacteria showed the highest capabilities of settlement and growth in inter-dunes in both spring and autumn. Soil water content reached the highest value in soil crusts in the inter-dune areas, especially in spring. Variations of quantities of actinomyces and fungi basically showed the consistent trend in different locations of sand dunes. With the deepening of soil layers, vertical distribution of quantities of each microorganism group showed different characteristics because environmental factors fluctuated in both spring and autumn. Among different microorganism groups, bacteria were predominant, actinomyces the next and fungi the least in both spring and autumn in all soil layers （0-20 cm）. The proportion of bacteria and soil water content were higher in spring than those in autumn in all soil layers （0-20 cm）. No consistent trends were found in actinomyces and fungi. The results showed that the quantities of microorganisms were significantly positive correlated with organic matter content, soil water content, total N, total P, available P, available K, pH, electrical conductivity, total salt content,catalase, urease, phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase.     

图论数学模型在砂浆界面过渡区中的应用

运用图论数学理论建立了关于砂浆中的界面过渡区的数学模型，可计算细水泥颗粒的质量。细水泥颗粒被预先包裹在集料表面，降低了界面过渡区的厚度及减少连通情况。实验结果表明：进行集料预包裹可以降低砂浆的孔隙率，从而提高抗压强度。