Bicuculline and picrotoxin block γ-aminobutryic acid-gated Cl− conductance by different mechanisms

Summary Using isolated, internally perfused bullfrog dorsal root ganglion cells we have studied the dose-response curves for -aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the presence of internally or externally applied GABA antagonists. With external application of antagonists the inhibition of the GABA current by bicuculline was competitive and that by picrotoxin was noncompetitive. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline blocked when internally perfused.To whom reprint requests should be addressed.Acknowledgments. We thank Drs S. Minakami and S. Yasui for helpful discussions and comments.     

Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection

Summary Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection have disporven some of the central tenets of both the handicap mechanism and the sexy son hypothesis. These results suggest that the good genes approach to sexual selection may generally lead to erroneous results.Runaway sexual selection seems possible under a wide variety of circumstances. Quantittive genetic models have revealed runaway processes for sexually selected attributes expressed in both sexes and for attributes of parental care. Furthermore, the runaway could occur simultaneously in a series of populations that straddle an environmental gradient. While the models support the feasibility of runaway processes, empirical studies are needed to evaluate whether runaways actually happen. Estimates of critical genetic parameters are particularly needed, as well as measures of natural and sexual selection acting on the same population.The models also show that sexual selection has tremendous potential to produce population differentiation, particularly in epigamic traits. Differentiation is promoted by indeterminancy of evolutionary outcome, transient differences among populations during the final slow approach to equilibrium, sampling drift among equilibrium populations, and the tendency of sexual selection to amplify geographic variation arising from spatial differences in natural selection. Recent work with two- and three-locus models of sexual selection has produced results that parallel the results of the polygenic models^36–38,58. Thus the feature of indeterminate equilibria (outcome dependent on initial conditions) is common to both types of model.     

A major metabolite of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol reduces its cataleptic effect in mice

Summary The results described here demonstrate that THC-induced catalepsy in mice can be substantially inhibited by the prior administration of ¹-THC-7-oic acid, the major metabolite of THC in most species including humans. This raises the possibility that the intensity and duration of action of THC may depend to a large degree on the levels of this metabolite at the sites of action.We thank the National Institute on Drug Abuse for supporting this project by grants DA-02043 and DA-02052 and for supplying all of the cannabinoids. One of us (S.B.) is also the recipient of a Research Scientist Award from NIDA. We are grateful to Kristen Carlson and Thomas Honeyman for helpful suggestions in preparing this report.     

山西省古县野生资源综合开发利用对策

持续性农业将是２１世纪农业生产的主要模式,其基本特征是在强调农业发展的同时,重视自然资源的合理开发利用和环境保护。本文结合山西省古县丰富的野生资源现状,对其合理开发利用提出相应的对策     

甘肃省的饲料矿产及开发

介绍了国内外饲料矿产的研究应用现状。在野外调查和室内综合分析的基础上,详细叙述了甘肃省饲料矿产的种类、分布和开采条件,依据饲料矿产的评价原则,论述了甘肃省饲料矿产的开发应用前景。     

海南省若干树木中的微量元素

海南地处热带地区,土壤富铝化作用强烈,元素生物小循环迅速,但树木中Ｃｄ,Ｎｉ,Ｃｕ,Ｚｎ,Ｐｂ,Ｈｇ的质量分数在正常范围值,其ｗＢ因树木种类不同而有明显差异,荔枝的ｗＢ一般较高,Ｃｄ,Ｎｉ,Ｐｂ居各树木之首;而南亚松ｗＢ通常较低,Ｃｄ,Ｎｉ,Ｃｕ,Ｚｎ,Ｐｂ为各树木最低．树木对必需元素Ｚｎ,Ｃｕ的吸收量明显高于非必需元素Ｐｂ,Ｃｄ,Ｎｉ,Ｈｇ,大多数树木的化学组成（ｗＢ）是：Ｚｎ＞Ｃｕ＞Ｐｂ＞Ｃｄ＞Ｎｉ＞Ｈｇ．Ｈｇ,Ｃｄ,Ｎｉ的质量分数大多叶高于枝,而ｗ（Ｃｕ）大多数是枝高于叶．同种树木的ｗＢ还与生态环境有关     

非谐振多光子过程的原子压缩效应

考虑非谐振情况下的多光子跃迁过程,在ｋ≥ｒ⊥,ｒ∥的条件下,利用绝热近似方法,由线性Ｆｏｋｋｅｒ－Ｐｌａｎｃｋ方程导出此过程的原子压缩表示式。     

辽宁省泥炭资源及其利用

辽宁省泥炭储量为３５３６．２７万ｔ,分有裸露泥炭和埋藏泥炭。其中辽东山地为泥炭丰富区,以裸露泥炭为主,辽南丘陵沿海为泥炭多量区,以埋藏泥炭为主,其它地区泥炭较少,早期泥炭形成于早全新世辽南沿海,中全新世渐次向北扩展,为泥炭旺盛形成时期,晚全新世南部沼泽被埋藏,北部继续发育,全省泥炭以草木富营养型为主,其中尤以新宾泥炭质量为佳,辽宁泥炭在工业,农业等方面有着广泛的应用。     

两个不相交集合分组测试的最优过程

讨论了两台装置搜索两个坏硬币分组测试模型的（ｍ,ｎ）一问题,给出了最优测试过程,其测试次数从实质上 改进了测试次数的信息论界。