Semi-crosslinked polyacrylamides as high-resolution and dynamic self-coating sieving matrices for protein capillary electrophoresis

This paper describes non-gel capillary sieving electrophoresis employing semi-crosslinked polyacrylamide as a high performance and low viscous replaceable separation matrix for separation of non-denatured protein separation. Arising from the fine sieving and dynamic coating ability of this polymer, a mixture of basic proteins lysozyme, cytochrome C, ribonuclease A, and trypsin was resolved with excellent reproducibility. Mixing different semi-crosslinked polyacrylamides together further improves the separation. The separtion mechanism was analyzed. With network structure developed to an intermediate state between crosslinked gel and linear polymer solutions, these semi-crosslinked polyacrylamide polymers demonstrate a promise as a new class of size sieving separation medium, not only in capillary electrophoresis, but also in microfluidic chip separation schemes.     

A new chromatographic method for fast separation of active proteins

A new method with only a single chromatographic column to accomplish the separation of intact protein molecules by the combination of ion exchange chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography is firstly presented. By selecting twice a suitable stationary phase, mobile phase, buffer exchange condition, and sample injection, some proteins usually required to separate with two-dimensional chromatography can now be accomplished only using the single column in one hour. In addition, the separated proteins can maintain their original three-or four-dimensional molecular structure. It would be expected that this method can also provide a new thought for sample pre-fractionation in proteomic investigation, especially, for the limitation of sample source.     

基于可视化图形特征融合的蛋白质组学质谱数据分析

近年来,对蛋白质组学质谱数据进行模式识别成为癌症诊断的一种新方法,由此发现的新生物标记物已经成功用于多种重大疾病的早期预测.这种方法的两个难点是:如何提取能够明显区分不同类别的特征,如何有效处理谱数据中大量的特征.本文提出基于多元图形特征融合的方法对蛋白质组学质谱高维数据进行可视化降维处理.在对质谱数据进行必要的预处理后,选择部分原始特征并将其映射到多元图表示域.通过多层递阶图形特征选择与提取得到最终的多元图癌症诊断模板.采用国际公开卵巢癌高通量数据集进行验证,得到了较好的分类效果.     

香叶木苷的血浆蛋白结合率研究

研究香叶木苷的血浆蛋白结合率．以体外方式,用平衡透析法模拟香叶木苷在大鼠体内与血浆蛋白结合的过程,并以高效液相色谱法测定香叶木苷在透析袋内血浆中的药物质量浓度与透析袋外缓冲液中的质量浓度,计算血浆蛋白结合率．香叶木苷在血浆中药物质量浓度为1～90μg／mL范围内,其与大鼠血浆蛋白的结合率范围为29．83％～32．56％,波动较小,结果可靠．香叶木苷属于低血浆蛋白结合率药物,大部分药物分子以游离形式发挥药效．     

酶复合整理改善羊毛织物的防缩性能

为解决单独用蛋白酶处理羊毛织物时防缩效果不明显且强力降低的问题,提出用碱性蛋白酶对羊毛织物进行处理,部分去除羊毛纤维的鳞片,在此基础上再用谷氨酰胺转胺酶对羊毛进行处理,实现羊毛纤维蛋白质分子之间的交联.扫描了整理前后羊毛织物的红外光谱图,这种酶复合整理工艺使得羊毛织物的防缩性能显著改善,而强力和伸长性能基本保持不变,从而更具应用价值.     

Iron metabolism in the mononuclear phagocyte system

The maintenance of body iron homeostasis requires the coordination of multiple regulatory mechanisms of iron metabolism. The mononuclear phagocyte system （MPS, composed of monocytes, macrophages, and their precursor cells） is crucial in the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Recycling of iron is carried out by specialized macrophages via engulfment of aged erythrocytes. The iron stores of macrophages depend on the levels of recovered and exported iron. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying iron homeostasis in macrophages are poorly understood. Recent studies characterizing the function and regulation of natural resistance-associated mac- rophage protein 1 （Nrampl）, divalent metal transporter 1 （DMT1）, HLA-linked hemechromatosis gene （HFE）, ferroportin 1 （FPN1）, and hepcidin are rapidly expanding our knowledge on the molecular level of MPS iron handling. These studies are deepening our under- standing about the molecular mechanism of iron homeostasis and iron-related diseases.     

大豆蛋白废水对聚砜超滤膜性能影响的研究

从溶液相因素出发,以聚砜超滤膜为研究对象,采用大豆粕溶液为废水液,实验研究溶液相在膜过程中对超滤膜性能的影响．结果表明,膜的污染随着时间的增长越来越严重,不同浓度下在230min时其污染达到平衡,不同pH值在210min时其污染达到平衡,在酸性条件下污染相对严重．     

慈菇中抗真菌蛋白分离纯化初步研究

植物在长期进化过程中,形成了一套天然的防御系统。其中植物抗真菌蛋白(antifungal protein,AFP)是主要成员之一,它对多种植物和人体病原真菌生长有抑制作用。本研究以慈菇(Sagittaria sagittifolia)块茎为材料,运用阳离子交换层析和葡聚糖G50凝胶过滤层析技术,结合活性追踪法,对慈菇中的抗真菌蛋白进行了初步分离纯化。SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定表明,纯化的抗真菌蛋白并不是单一的组分,至少有3个电泳条带,分子量集中在14.4~20.1 kD之间。纯化的抗真菌蛋白对烟草赤星病菌(Alternari alternata)的菌丝生长具有较明显抑制作用。     

富铬酵母蛋白质的制备及红外光谱特征

目的研究金属铬与酵母细胞的结合方式。方法利用红外光谱法对啤酒酵母生物富集金属铬前、后蛋白质的变化进行分析。结果得到生物富集金属铬前、后的IR谱图。发现酰胺Ⅰ带的吸收峰发生位移,从1 657.78 cm移动至1 646.02 cm,且峰形发生变化。结论蛋白质肽链上的羰基氧与铬形成配位键。     

计算机辅助解析FTIR定量研究蛋白质构象的应用进展

综述了计算机辅助解析傅里叶变换红外光谱在蛋白质构象定量研究中的应用进展,简要介绍了红外光谱测定及二阶导数谱、去卷积和曲线拟合等计算机数学处理方法.对已有的研究结果进行了分类总结,最后讨论了该领域中存在的问题和发展方向.