稀散元素硒碲多聚物的单晶及纳米合成与进展

纵观近十年的国内外文献并结合本组科研实践,综述稀散元素多元多硒碲聚合物的单晶及纳米材料的进展、合成方法及应用,并推荐微波溶剂热法是温和条件下合成无机新材料的有效途径．     

基于组合赋权法的煤层顶板突水危险性评价

传统的富水性评价中往往采用单一的赋权方法,为准确评价煤层顶板直接充水含水层的突水危险性,提出了一种组合赋权法.首先,在充分分析矿井水文地质资料的基础上,选取岩芯采取率、渗透系数、含水层厚度、脆塑性岩厚度比、砂泥岩互层特征作为富水性评价指标,通过拉格朗日乘子法将层次分析法与熵权法得到的各评价指标权重进行优化组合,得到其组...     

多人雪堆演化博弈在愿景驱动规则下的扩展平均丰度函数

随着博弈理论的深入研究,演化博弈模型在许多社会现象和经济问题的分析中得到了广泛应用.演化博弈模型将策略更新规则引入状态转移方程,得到相应的马尔可夫链,从而研究种群演化状态.当此马尔可夫链无吸收态时,采用平均丰度函数来研究种群演化状态.采用策略更新规则中的愿景驱动规则,通过分析马尔可夫链的平稳分布导出了扩展平均丰度函数.同时,通过将多人演化博弈模型应用于雪堆演化博弈中,得到了多人雪堆演化博弈模型的扩展平均丰度函数.采用数字分析的方式,计算分析了相应参数对平均丰度函数的影响,结合具体案例研究了参数变化如何影响企业在博弈中的行为.研究表明可以通过改变相关参数来提高合作者的占比,这一结论为在实际应用中如何调控相应参数以促进合作指出了方向.     

Amphipod diversity at three Tunisian lagoon complexes in relation to environmental conditions

The amphipod communities of different wetland types belonging to three coastal lagoons complexes in northern Tunisia, Ichkeul (37°06′ to 37°14′ N, 09°35′ to 09°56′ E), Ghar El Melh (37°06′ to 37°10′ N, 10°08′ to 10°14′ E) and Korba (36°34′ to 36°38′ N, 10°52′ to 10°54′ E), were studied with respect to species composition and abundance and their relationship with abiotic environmental characteristics, namely air and soil temperature and humidity, soil grain size and the soil content of organic matter and heavy metals. Both highest abundance and highest diversity of amphipods were observed in the lagoon complex of Ichkeul, which is characterized by higher contents of organic matter but also by higher heavy metal concentrations in the soil than the lagoon complexes of Ghar El Melh and Korba. Although amphipod abundance does not seem to linearly depend on environmental parameters, unimodal Canonical Correspondence Analysis suggests that amphipod abundance is related to grain size of the soil, to the soil content of organic matter and to several heavy metals.     

ZnGa_2Se_4:V~(3+)光谱的理论研究

应用区分t2和e轨道共价性的差异(包含静电部分和晶场部分)并考虑了低对称场的能量矩阵,在考虑和忽略静电参量B00的条件下,分别研究了t2和e轨道共价性的差异对三元半导体ZnGa2Se4:V 3+能级以及低对称分裂的影响;计算了ZnGa2Se4:V 3+晶体的能级的低对称分裂,并与实验值进行比较.计算结果与实验值符合很好.研究发现:在对ZnGa2Se4:V 3+晶体的光学性质进行理论研究时,在能量矩阵的静电和晶场部分同时考虑t2和e轨道共价性的差异是非常有必要的;晶场参量B00对ZnGa2Se4:V 3+的能级有重要影响,因此不能忽略.     

硒对镉胁迫下罗汉果组培苗生理生化特性的影响

重金属镉对植物的生长发育有抑制作用,硒对植物生长有益.实验以罗汉果无菌苗为材料,无菌条件下在培养基中添加0、10、50、500 μmol·L-1镉离子和10 μmol·L-1硒,培养20 d后分析罗汉果幼苗的相关生理生化指标.结果表明,随着镉离子浓度的增加,植株叶片的叶绿素含量一直下降;蛋白质、可溶性糖、脯氨酸和丙二醛...     

极贫金属环境下超新星爆发的中子俘获元素核合成产量

极贫金属环境下超新星爆发([Fe/H]＜-2.5)形成于星系演化的早期,研究极贫金属环境下超新星爆发的重元素丰度分布及核合成,对于探索星系形成及化学演化和核天体物理学中的基本问题都起着关键作用.分析了大量极贫金属环境下超新星爆发的元素丰度的观测数据,得出中子俘获元素Sr,Y和Ba与元素Si的相关性规律,计算了极贫金属环...     

内蒙古扎鲁特旗春玉米推荐施肥指标体系研究

2007-2009年在扎鲁特旗分进行了春玉米＂3414＂肥料肥效试验.结果表明：扎鲁特旗春玉米N、P2O5、K2O的农学效率平均分别为10.6kg、9.9 kg、6.7 kg,增产作用依次为：氮肥、磷肥、钾肥,随着土壤肥力水平的降低,施肥增产率升高,但单位养分增产量下降.扎鲁特旗春玉米的土壤养分丰缺指标为：全氮、极低（〈1.11g/kg）、低（1.11～1.39 g/kg）、中（1.39～1.94 g/kg）、高（1.94～2.17 g/kg）、极高（〉2.17 g/kg）;有效磷、极低（〈3.5mg/kg）、低（3.5～7.3mg/kg）、中（7.3～22.0 mg/kg）、高（22.0～31.9 mg/kg）、极高（〉31.9 mg/kg）;速效钾、极低（〈48 mg/kg）、低（48～70 mg/kg）、中（70～122 mg/kg）、高（122～147 mg/kg）、极高（〉147 mg/kg.）扎鲁特旗春玉米施肥模型为：F（N）=-17.702LnS（N）＋18.109,F（P2O5）=-4.775LnS（P）＋15.044,F（K2O）=-3.5521LnS（K）＋19.41.说明农学效率、施肥肥效、养分丰缺指标、施肥模型均为推荐施肥的重要依据.     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in the Gurbantunggut Desert

The plants in the Gurbantunggut Desert located in Xinjiang, China are drought adapted species and grow in generally nutrient-poor soils. A survey was conducted in the desert to determine the arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） status associated with the desert plants which belong to 23 species from 11 families of annuals and perennials. Roots from all plants were examined for the presence of internal and external hyphae, vesicles and coils/arbuscules to determine the status and extent of mycorrhizal colonization. Of the plant species surveyed, 14 （61%） were found to form AM associations, 5 （22%） were possible AM colonized species, and 4 were non-mycorrhizal plants. The proportions of annuals and shrubs forming AM were significantly lower than those of perennials and herbs, respectively. Spore density varied from 5 to 21 per 20 g in soil of root zone. 14 AM fungal taxa in 3 genera were isolated and identified, 10 of which belonged to Glomus, 3 to Acaulospora, and 1 to Archaeospora. Glomus was the dominant genus in all genera identified. G. deserticola and G. etunicatum were the most common taxa isolated, with occurrence frequencies of 77.4% and 74.8%, and relative abundances of 14.4% and 15.5% respectively.     

浙江中北部沿海人工渔礁拟投放区夏季近底层水生游泳动物组成分析

通过对浙江中北部海区13个人工渔礁拟投放点的拖网调查,从而获得了各拟投放点的水生游泳动物组成数据并进行分析,研究结果表明:在浙江中北部人工渔礁拟投放区海域共捕获水生游泳动物50种,分别隶属于3门,3纲,14目,34科。其中,鱼类26种,虾蟹类20种,头足类3种,其他甲壳类1种。各类群的资源重量密度指数和资源尾数密度指数的最大值分别出现在P1号站和P7号站。水生游泳动物的优势种为中国毛虾Acetes chinensis、中华管鞭虾Solenocera crassicor-nis、矛尾鰕虎鱼Chaeturichthys stigmatias、口虾蛄Oratosquilla oratoria、须赤虾Metapenaeopsis barbata、葛氏长臂虾Palaemon gravieri,常见种为双斑蟳Charybdis bimaculata、鹰爪虾Trachypenaeus curvirostris、狼牙鳗鰕虎鱼Taenioides rubicundus、哈氏仿对虾Parapenaeopsis hardwickii、长蛸Octopus variabilis、日本蟳Charybdis japonica、皮氏叫姑鱼Johnius belengerii、带鱼Trichiurus japonicus、前肛鳗Dysomma anguillare、剑尖枪乌贼Loligo edulis、刺鲳Psenopsis anomala、小黄鱼Larimichthys poly-actis、细巧仿对虾Parapenaeopsis tenella等。