基于投影寻踪模型的我国国防科技工业科研创新能力实证研究

在有关成果数据库(2000~2006年)的基础上,运用投影寻踪模型分析我国国防科技工业的科研创新能力,结论认为:我国科技工业科研创新能力在最近这几年是逐年提高,进步显著;但与发达国家相比,我国国防科技工业自主创新能力还不够强,距离创新型国防科技工业还有较大的差距。     

《情报科学》2009—2010年基金资助论文定量分析

运用文献计量学方法,从基金论文率、资助基金级别、论文主题、合著率、合作度、发文机构、作者所在区域等角度,对2009—2010年《情报科学》所载基金资助论文进行了定量分析,以持续了解该刊的基金论文状况,科学评价该刊的情报能力。     

《中国图书馆学报》2005-2014年载文测度分析

以中国期刊全文数据库和中国引文数据库为数据来源,以2005—2014年《中国图书馆学报》10年载文为研究样本,运用文献计量学方法,对该刊的载文量、Web下载量、基金论文、被引量、即年指标、载文作者、关键词词频等指标数据进行了分析研究,以期为该刊的发展和图书馆学界学者的研究提供参考。     

2010年河北省SCI论文的文献计量分析

本文以SCI网络版（SCIE）为数据源,运用文献计量学的方法,以河北和2010年为关键词,对2010年河北省作者发表的论文被SCI收录的情况进行了统计,并按文献类型、学科分布、论文作者、机构和被引用情况做了较为详细的分析研究。     

Taming theory with thought experiments: Understanding and scientific progress

I claim that one way thought experiments contribute to scientific progress is by increasing scientific understanding. Understanding does not have a currently accepted characterization in the philosophical literature, but I argue that we already have ways to test for it. For instance, current pedagogical practice often requires that students demonstrate being in either or both of the following two states: 1) Having grasped the meaning of some relevant theory, concept, law or model, 2) Being able to apply that theory, concept, law or model fruitfully to new instances. Three thought experiments are presented which have been important historically in helping us pass these tests, and two others that cause us to fail. Then I use this operationalization of understanding to clarify the relationships between scientific thought experiments, the understanding they produce, and the progress they enable. I conclude that while no specific instance of understanding (thus conceived) is necessary for scientific progress, understanding in general is.     

在线随机组卷算法研究及实现

文章简述了目前网络课件中“在线自测”模块的缺陷;论述了如何利用随机启发式搜索改进抽题算法;并给出了一种基于模糊数学、概率统计及随机启发式搜索的在线组卷算法;该算法简单有效,适用于一般网络学院对在线测试的要求,具有较大的实用性。     

近年来光合作用领域的前沿和热点研究——基于WOS高被引论文的科技术语分析

科技术语是科技论文的基本要素和重要特征,光合作用研究论文中存在大量的科技术语。基于数据驱动的科技术语分析能够对学科领域的动态发展和演变起到较好的揭示和印证作用。文章以VOSviewer软件为主要分析工具,对Web of Science数据库中光合作用领域近三年的高被引论文和热点论文中的科技术语进行计量分析和可视化呈现。分析比较的结果表明,近年来光合作用的研究热点集中在“自然光合作用的机理探究”“光合作用与环境变化”“人工光合的应用和发展”三个方向,“光催化剂”成为这几年光合作用领域研究的前沿。     

Natural diversity: A neo-essentialist misconstrual of homeostatic property cluster theory in natural kind debates

In natural kind debates, Boyd's famous Homeostatic Property Cluster theory (HPC) is often misconstrued in two ways: Not only is it thought to make for a normative standard for natural kinds, but also to require the homeostatic mechanisms underlying nomological property clusters to be uniform. My argument for the illegitimacy of both overgeneralizations, both on systematic as well as exegetical grounds, is based on the misconstrued view's failure to account for functional kinds in science. I illustrate the combination of these two misconstruals with recent entries into the natural kind debate about emotions. Finally, I examine and reject Stich's “Kornblith-Devitt method” as a potential justification of these misconstruals.     

A new twist to the No Miracles Argument for the success of science

J. D. Trout has recently developed a new defense of scientific realism, a new version of the No Miracles Argument. I critically evaluate Trout's novel defense of realism. I argue that Trout's argument for scientific realism and the related explanation for the success of science are self-defeating. In the process of arguing against the traditional realist strategies for explaining the success of science, he inadvertently undermines his own argument.     

Models, scientific realism, the intelligibility of nature, and their cultural significance

In this article, I will view realist and non-realist accounts of scientific models within the larger context of the cultural significance of scientific knowledge. I begin by looking at the historical context and origins of the problem of scientific realism, and claim that it is originally of cultural and not only philosophical, significance. The cultural significance of debates on the epistemological status of scientific models is then related to the question of ‘intelligibility’ and how science, through models, can give us knowledge of the world by presenting us with an ‘intelligible account/picture of the world’, thus fulfilling its cultural-epistemic role. Realists typically assert that science can perform this role, while non-realists deny this. The various strategies adopted by realists and non-realists in making good their respective claims, is then traced to their cultural motivations. Finally I discuss the cultural implications of adopting realist or non-realist views of models through a discussion of the views of Rorty, Gellner, Van Fraassen and Clifford Hooker on the cultural significance of scientific knowledge.