陆源污染物对海州湾环境影响研究

应用沿深平均二维模型模拟海州湾水域的潮流场，分析该水域的潮波运动规律，计算不同风条件下海州湾水域的Lagrange余流场，分析风时对余流的影响，以海州湾顶的临洪口为陆源污染源，用数值方法求解物质扩散方程，分析在不同风条件下湾内污染物平均浓度随的变化，在保证污染物排放总量不变的情况下，对不同排放方式下湾内污染物的平均浓度进行了比较。     

用沉积物的特性参数pH,Eh,Es及间隙水中SO_4~(2-)浓度表征陆源物质对辽东湾的影响

通过对辽东湾不同沉积层次沉积物的pH,Eh,Es及间隙水中SO_4~(2-)浓度的平面分布的分析,初步评价了陆源物质(主要是作为能量来源的有机物)对辽东湾的影响程度,为合理开发和治理辽东湾将提供有益的帮助。     

榆林湾海域营养化状况评价与防控对策

根据2002-2005年三亚榆林湾海域巡航监测结果,分析评价了该海域水质营养化状况,结果表明:榆林湾大部分海域水质良好,湾内红沙港养殖区水体受到营养盐、有机质污染,营养化程度呈现加剧趋势,提出了防止该海域水体富营养化,控制水质恶化的对策．     

东壁岛围垦对元洪港区潮流及泥沙淤积影响的数值模拟

利用所建立的具有动边界的福清湾潮流数学模型，研究了东壁岛围垦前后元洪码头前的潮量及流速变化，并采用工程泥沙方法估算了元洪码头前的泥沙淤积强度。研究表明，在元洪码头前250m范围以内，围垦后的流速较围垦前略有减小，围垦所引起的泥沙淤积强度为0.05m/a。     

海南石梅湾青皮林LAI的冠层数字成像间接法测算

对基于林隙比(gap-fraction)原理的LAI数字成像间接法进行了系统的描述,通过对石梅湾青皮林及其周围其它不同类型的次生林和人工群落共9个观测点的测定,得出了相应群落的叶面积指数、消光系数、辐射透过系数等冠层的特征指标,按垂直结构测算了不同阶段的青皮林LAI特性,指出了CI110冠层数字成像仪(Digital Plant Canopy Imager CI110)减小人为误差的方法.处于顶极状态的青皮林的叶面积指数为3.554,低于典型结构的热带雨林,探讨了石梅湾青皮林LAI比混合雨林和山地雨林LAI小的原因.     

渤海湾丝状海洋真菌抑菌活性菌株的调查研究

为了调查渤海湾丝状海洋真菌中具有抑菌活性菌株的分布情况,以从渤海湾不同站住分离获得的55株海洋丝状真菌为出发菌株,借助抑菌圈法和牛津杯法分别对菌块和发酵液进行抑菌活性检测.结果表明：有80.0％的菌株显示出抑菌活性,其中对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌有抑菌作用的菌株分别为5株、27株和38株,对3种菌均有抑菌作用的有2株.活性菌株站住分布差异较大,垂直分布以中层水（10m等深线）的活性菌株频数最高,达到该水层被检测到的菌株数量的93％.     

退化秋茄林的补水修复实验研究

以陆化导致的退化秋茄林为研究对象, 通过周期性补水实验, 从沉积物的理化性质和植物生理指标的变化, 探明补水对秋茄成林的修复效果。主要结果如下: 1) 补水后沉积物的含水量、pH、盐度、总氮和有机质含量总体上高于对照组, 补水改善了沉积物的营养和盐度条件; 2) 补水修复显著提高植物的净光合速率、水分利用效率和叶绿素a 含量(P<0.05), 降低胞间CO₂浓度, 有效地改善退化秋茄林的光合作用状态, 增强秋茄叶片吸收和转化光能的能力; 3) 对照组植物光系统Ⅱ(PS Ⅱ)最大荧光效率(F_v/F_m)显著低于0.8 (常用阈值),说明陆域化的秋茄林已处于光抑制状态; 但补水后F_v/F_m显著提高(P<0.01), 接近0.8, 说明植物健康状态得到显著改善; 4) 补水提高秋茄叶片PS Ⅱ反应中心的光化学效率, 显著改善双光系统间激发能分配的失衡状态, 有效降低天线色素热耗散, 光能分配趋于高效, 提高了叶片光能的光化学利用效率。研究结果表明, 周期性补水是陆域化的退化红树林生境改善的有效修复方法。     

Twenty-five years of change in scleractinian coral communities of Daya Bay （northern South China Sea） and its response to the 2008 AD extreme cold climate event

Coral reefs worldwide are becoming increasingly and detrimentally impacted upon by a variety of factors including significant climate changes, such as global warming and increased El Nino-Southern Oscillation activity. Generally, the persistence of coral reefs, especially at low-latitudes, is governed, in part, by sea surface temperatures not exceeding the critical limit （-30℃） at which mass mortality can occur. Thus, it is thought that corals living at high-latitudes （i.e., currently cooler sea surface temperatures） will likely respond more favourably to hypothesized future temperature increases than corals living at low-latitudes （i.e., currently warmer sea surface temperatures）. Consequently, high-latitude coral communities may have the potential to act as regions of refugia for many coral species in the face of potential future global warming. The Daya Bay （22°31′--22°50′N）, northern South China Sea, contains several high-latitude non-reefal coral communities and represents one of the most northerly distributions of scleractinian corals within the region. Significantly, Daya Bay has experienced dramatic warming in both air and sea surface temperatures throughout the past 50 years. In this paper, we analyze 25 years of change in the Daya Bay coral communities, based both on historic surveys and our latest 2006--2008 regional ecological surveys. Our results suggest that, contrary to predictions, there have been significant declines in coral cover within the Daya Bay during the past 25 years （i.e., 76.6% coral cover in 1983/1984 to only 15.3% coral cover by 2008）. Such changes also reflect a significant shift in the most abundant coral species, from Acropora pruinosa to Favites abdita. Most of the modern coral communities became established between 15 and 30 years ago, corresponding to a period of increased winter sea surface temperature. However, very few colonies have become established within the last 15 years, despite a more intense period of warming. By taking into account additional factors, we hypothesize that direct anthropogenic impacts, rather than climatic events, have both restricted the development, and drove the decline, of Daya Bay coral communities in the last 15 years. The Daya Bay has also been subjected to occasional extreme cold events during the past 50 years, with the most recent occurring in early 2008 （13 January-13 February）. During the 2008 cold event, the lowest air temperature reaches only 6.6℃, and the mean sea surface temperature for February fall to 〈 14℃, including six continuous days at 12.3℃. Significantly, the sea surface temperatures fall below the hypothesized critical lower temperature threshold （-13℃） that commonly leads to mass mortality in scleractinian coral communities. Surprisingly, our coral community surveys, conducted both before （August 2007） and after （late February 2008） the extreme 2008 cold event, demonstrate that the Daya Bay coral ecosystems are barely impacted upon during the cold period. Those observations suggest that the Daya Bay scleractinian coral communities have developed adaptations to low sea surface temperatures. Overall, our data support the hypothesis that high-latitude coral communities, such as Daya Bay, have the potential to act as areas of refugia for scleractinian corals in the advent of potential future global warming.     

海州湾海域三维潮流数值模拟

基于三维河口、陆架、海洋模型(ECOM3D),引入干湿网格法变动边界处理技术,建立三维动边界潮流数值模型.将该模型用于海州湾近岸海域三维潮流场模拟,结果表明,模型计算结果与实测值吻合良好,较好地模拟出此海域M2分潮的潮流场时空分布特点:大部分海域流速在40~65 cm/s之间,垂直流速量级为10-4m/s,最大垂直流速为5.2×10-4m/s.     

东营凹陷古近系储层超压成因及其成藏意义

利用实测地层压力资料,系统研究了东营凹陷古近系碎屑岩储层超压成因及其与油气成藏的关系,并总结了超压油气藏的分布模式。超压传递（包括超压接触传递和超压连通传递）、欠压实、原油裂解是东营凹陷古近系碎屑岩储层超压的主要成因机制。超压接触传递能够使与烃源岩接触的储层形成强超压高产油气藏,该类油气藏主要分布在北部陡坡带、中央隆起带周缘以及洼陷中央的沙三、沙四段和孔店组;超压连通传递使深层超压流体进入浅层,形成中超压高产油气藏,该类油气藏集中分布在中央隆起带的沙一、沙二段和南部缓坡带的沙三、沙四段;欠压实发生在沙四段、孔店组的膏盐岩层段,不利于油气成藏;原油裂解发生在埋深超过4000m的地层,与油气成藏没有必然的联系。