Poly(dimethylsiloxane) based microchip for DNA electrophoresis

A novel poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS) -based microchip for DNA separation through electrophoresis has been developed using a micro-electro-mechanical-system(MEMS) technology. Unlike previous hybrid PDMS microchip, one PDMS film is first created on glass support by pressing method in our microchip. Thus, increased band-broadening phenomena, arising from the material nonuniformity at the walls of microchannel, can be avoided in electrophoresis process. A low-viscosity hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-100 (HPMC-100) is used as the separation medium for fluorescent intercalator-labeled double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) fragments. Mannitol is introduced to PDMS-based microchip as a separation medium additive to enhance separation efficiency. At applied electric field strength of 150 V/cm, excellent separations of the PCR marker could be achieved with an effective separation distance of 25mm .     

兽药添加剂喹乙醇对水生生物的毒理学研究

兽药添加剂喹乙醇是一种在畜禽及水产养殖中应用广泛的促生长剂 ,但其安全性仍存在较大争议 ,使用不当或过量使用会对环境构成潜在危害 .采用斑马鱼和鲤鱼作为生物材料 ,分别研究了兽药添加剂喹乙醇对斑马鱼的急性毒性、对斑马鱼胚胎发育的影响及对鲤鱼肾细胞DNA的损伤 .急性毒性试验表明 ,96hrLC50 为 1 996.87mg/L ;胚胎发育试验实验结果表明 ,96hrEC50 为2 2 1 .2 0mg/L ;单细胞凝胶电泳试验结果表明 ,喹乙醇能引起较大的DNA损伤 ,与空白对照相比有极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,并在设定的剂量范围内呈现一定的剂量效应关系     

移动化学反应界面实验装置的改进

针对移动化学反应界面实验的4个难以解决的关键问题,在W.K.Chen实验装置的基础上,设计了一种新的多移动化学反应界面实验装置,在对CoCl2与NaOH形成的移动化学反应界面进行实验对比的同时,对KCl KBr与AgNO3形成的多移动化学反应界面进行了实验研究.结果表明,该装置能很好地避免电解时产生的H 、OH-的干扰,反应界面清晰,实验精度较高,能节省大量的阴、阳极液,稳定性好.     

Taxonomy and genetic variation in the Australian lizards of the genus Pseudemoia (Scincidae: Lygosominae)

This study reviews the taxonomy of the southern Australian scincid lizards previously referred to Leiolopisma entrecasteauxii (Duméril and Bibron, 1839) and L. baudini Greer, 1982; here placed along with L. spenceri and the recently described L. rawlinsoni in the genus Pseudemoia. Electrophoretic, karyotypic and morphological data show that populations assigned to P. entrecasteauxii belong to three species. The name Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii is restricted here to a morphologically variable species which occurs in woodlands, forests and heathlands from the Blue Mountains, NSW, through the southeastern mainland, Bass Strait islands and Tasmania, to the islands of Spencer Gulf, SA. Populations designated as L. entrecasteauxii Form B by recent authors are mostly referrable to P. entrecasteauxii (s.s.). Pseudemoia pagenstecheri (Lindholm, 1901) is resurrected to apply to strongly striped populations disjunctly distributed in open grassland habitats from Tasmania, south-central Victoria, the southeast Australian highlands, Blue Mountains and New England Tableland. This species largely encompasses those populations referred to by several workers as L. entrecasteauxii Form A. A neotype for Lygosoma (Liolepisma) pagenstecheri is designated. A new species, P. cryodroma, is restricted to alpine and subalpine habitats on the high plains of Victoria. Pseudemoia cryodroma may have had a hybrid origin from P. entrecasteauxii and P. pagenstecheri. Pseudemoia baudini, hitherto known only from the unique holotype, is redescribed. This species extends eastward along the coast of the Great Australian Bight as far as the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. A key to the species of Pseudemoia is provided.     

利用PCR-DGGE技术鉴定硝基甲苯类物质降解菌株

为鉴定光催化-厌氧好氧固定化微生物方法降解2,6-DNT和4-MNT的优势菌株,取连续运行40d的厌氧好氧反应器出入口的微生物样品.采用PCR-DGGE技术分离微生物,得到对2,6-DNT和4-MNT具有良好降解特性的优势菌种;发现厌氧反应器内不同位置微生物种类差别很大,好氧反应器内差别很小;反应器内有5种优势菌株:Delta proteobacterium,Pseudomonas stutzeri,Pseudomonas trivialis,Burkholderia cenocepa-ciaand Chryseobacterium sp.AKB-2008-VA6和1个未知菌株,以兼性厌氧和好氧方式生存.反应器运行期间,水质指标良好.     

利用PCR-DGGE技术分析硫化镍矿浸矿体系中的细菌群落演替

 浸矿体系中的菌群结构及其演替规律与浸出率具有密切的关系,为了解硫化镍矿浸矿体系中的这种关系以提高浸出率,利用PCR-DGGE(变性梯度凝胶电泳)技术结合16S rRNA基因序列对体系的细菌种群结构进行分析.研究表明,在硫化镍矿浸矿体系中,菌群组成菌属为嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌属(Acidithiobacillus),并在浸矿体系中具有明显的演替现象,浸矿体系中的菌株演替和浸出率具有明显的相关性,经过21d的浸出,硫化镍矿的浸出率达到70%,探索浸矿体系中细菌的种群结构及其演替与浸出率的关系,对优化浸出体系菌群组成,提高浸出率具有指导作用.     

毛细管电泳电导法快速测定西米替叮的方法

建立了毛细管电泳电导法快速测定西米替叮的方法.利用非涂层弹性融硅石英毛细管(50cm×75μm)为分离通道,探讨了缓冲溶液的种类、pH值、浓度,分离电压,进样时间对分离检测的影响.结果表明,在最佳条件下:30mmol/LTris(Cit调节pH=8.0)为运行缓冲介质,分离电压为10kv,西米替叮在10分钟内能得到较好的检测.标准品溶液浓度在0.5-20mg/L范围内有良好的线性关系,回归方程为y=9.0923x 15.83,相关系数r=0.9984,回收率为98.8%.     

毛细管区带电泳法测定白藜芦醇与白藜芦醇苷

建立了以苄基三甲基碘化铵为内标测定白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇苷的毛细管区带电泳方法,在优化的分离条件下,两者在7 min内可基线分离,检出限均为1.25×10-4g/L,线性动态范围分别是4.88×10-4g/L~0.31 g/L和5.37×10-4g/L~0.34 g/L,样品的加标回收率为95.44%和97.75%.     

加水量对蛋黄粉凝胶特性的影响

以蛋黄粉为原料，研究了水的添加量对蛋黄粉凝胶特性的影响．采用质构仪的HDP／SR和P／36R探头对凝胶的质构特性进行了测定，研究表明加水量对蛋黄粉凝胶质构特性有显著影响；采用Ellman’S试剂法研究了加水量对凝胶表面巯基数的影响，研究表明随着加水量的增大，蛋黄粉凝胶表面巯基数随之减少．     

Kappa-卡拉胶和琼脂糖及其共混凝胶的性质与温度的关系

研究了溶液法制备的琼脂糖、Kappa-卡拉胶(Carrageenan)及其共混凝胶的光学、力学等性质与温度的关系。通过旋光值和构象转变热的研究,发现此共混凝胶无论在高温溶液时,还是在低温凝胶态时,均为完全互溶的真溶液。通过力学性质的分析,得知共混凝胶是由两个互相贯穿的均相网络构成的,两个网络之间不存在强烈的互相作用力,所以表现出比较理想的力学加合性。对纯物质和共混物进行的热力学分析表明,凝胶弹性模量随温度的变化受到热效应和网链数变化两个因素的影响。