管理科学研究范式的转换——以复杂性科学为研究视角

管理科学理论和实践的发展需要新范式,复杂性科学的引入则为这种新范式的产生与传统的管理科学范式的转换提供了一个思想框架。基于此,以库恩的科学范式思想为基本脉络,在范式转换的层面上对每一时期管理思想发展过程进行剖析,以探讨管理科学发展与变迁的历史逻辑,并着重分析了复杂性科学范式成为管理科学新范式的四个方面原因。     

System of Systems Paradigm and Optimization Model

The concept of a ＂System of Systems＂ （SOS） describes a large system of mul- tiple systems --each capable of independent operation --that have been brought together to provide capabilities beyond those of each individual constituent system. Formulating and solving SoS design problem has become increasingly important, particularly in the aerospace and defense industries, as customers have begun to ask contractors＇ for broad capabilities and solutions rather than for specific individual systems. SoS design problem is determining the appropriate mix of both existing and yet-to-be-designed systems. This paper first defines what constitute a SoS. Next, it summarizes the current state-of-practice of System Engineering, and establishes what needs to be accomplished to perform SoS Engineering. Finally, it describes a multilevel, multistage approach to system of systems design optimization where system design is linked with system allocation along multistage decision making horizon, together with hierarchical mapping from technology space to system response in each system design stage.     

视觉搜索与视觉工作记忆的交互关系

视觉搜索与视觉工作记忆分别是注意理论与工作记忆模型中的研究焦点,它们之间的交互关系也是当前认知心理学中一个颇具争论性的问题：有的研究者认为视觉工作记忆影响视觉搜索,也有研究者认为两者之间存在着相互作用,还有的认为它们之间没有明显的交互影响。但总的来说,视觉搜索与视觉工作记忆存在着明显的交互作用,因为他们共享一个资源有限的视觉系统。     

记忆的源检测研究及应用

记忆的源检测研究是当前记忆研究领域中关注的一个热点问题。作者从记忆源检测的理论框架、及其在目击证人、精神分裂症病人研究中的应用、记忆源检测的神经机制3个方面综述了近年来记忆源检测的相关研究成果。记忆源检测的进一步深入研究将为澄清记忆的本质以及错误记忆的产生机制提供重要的实验证据。     

产业技术范式转移下区域战略性新兴产业自适应创新管理研究

根据产业技术范式转移下的一般创新理论,区域战略性新兴产业要实现产品稳定的市场需求、良好的经济技术效益和产业带动性创新的目的,就必须进行模块组合和构架组合的产品创新管理、模块网络的组织创新管理和综合开发的市场创新管理。     

"后实证主义"范式与案例研究法在管理学中的应用

实证主义把经验与逻辑分析作为“客观地”认识现实的基础。由于实证主义在方法论上的局限,管理学方法论从实证主义向多元化方向发展。它是当代西方管理理论发展过程中出现的一股强劲思潮。与实证主义相比,后实证主义范式具有不同的研究方法,其中最重要的当属案例法。本文对实证主义及案例法进行了分析。     

经济和谐发展的系统论

本文试从系统论的角度来分析经济和谐发展,认为经济和谐发展具有内在的系统性,是系统发展和系统范式。通过分析认为经济和谐发展是非平衡发展,是非线性发展,在实践中贯彻落实经济和谐发展对社会主义和谐社会建设意义重大。     

IT applications portfolio management under business and implementation uncertainty

Corporations need to improve business processes in order to enhance velocity and service levels while reducing their processing costs and differentiating themselves in the face of competition. The levitation of importance beyond support roles has raised IT investment decisions to high priority in chief executive officers＇ agendas. Corporate planning groups as well as lines of business are increasingly applying techniques of IT applications portfolio management in a more systematic fashion to improve decision-making and resource-allocation processes.
Recent advances in software engineering and IT service delivery methodologies have achieved the logical separation of business functions from implementation. This separation has made a new breed of innovative IT project possible with a new project risk structure; the adjustment of portfolio management techniques is appropriate. We present an integrated portfolio management model so that the corporation can focus on organic growth through sources at both the department and top management levels. The research gives clear advice as to how top management can seek economic growth by selecting an entrepreneurial strategic posture, implying a strong risk-taking propensity. By integrating a risk-return model and risk-tolerance paradigm to cope with today＇s risk structure, overall capabilities can improve the decision process and the corporation＇s performance as well. The application of the integrated technique to a Japanese manufacturing firm is described.     

中国应急产业体系构建

 构建中国应急产业体系在夯实应急管理基础，提升应急响应和实战能力，强化应急科技和信息支撑等方面具有重要的保障作用。基于国家重点发展应急管理的大背景，从理论和实践两方面，阐明了中国应急产业体系的发展现状；基于拓展的结构-行为-绩效（SCP）范式，建立了单向静态模型和动态反馈模型，理清了构建应急产业体系4大要素之间的关系；依照范式的逻辑内涵，对照4大要素的内在关系，将政策、产品、技术、服务和教育5大体系囊括其中，提出构建中国应急产业体系的框架思路。     

基于模型的理念:认知提升与研发模式转型

 分析了"基于模型的系统工程"的关键概念，剖析了当前传统系统工程方法面临的主要问题。分析表明，推动基于模型的系统工程发展的根本动力是成本驱动和发展驱动，促进基于模型系统工程实现的两个重要的实践方向是基于系统模型的新研发模式、智能知识管理与应用技术。