The macromolecular peptide-loading complex in MHC class I-dependent antigen presentation

A challenging task for the adaptive immune system of vertebrates is to identify and eliminate intracellular antigens. Therefore a highly specialized antigen presentation machinery has evolved to display fragments of newly synthesized proteins to effector cells of the immune system at the cell surface. After proteasomal degradation of unwanted proteins or defective ribosome products, resulting peptides are translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum by the transporter associated with antigen processing and loaded onto major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Peptide-MHC I complexes are transported via the secretory pathway to the cell surface where they are then inspected by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, which can trigger an immune response. This review summarizes the current view of the intracellular machinery of antigen processing and of viral immune escape mechanisms to circumvent destruction by the host. Received 4 October 2005; received after revision 19 November 2005; accepted 24 November 2005     

Huntington’s disease: from huntingtin function and dysfunction to therapeutic strategies

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that usually starts in middle age and is characterized by involuntary movements (chorea), personality changes and dementia, leading to death within 10–20 years. The defective gene in HD contains a trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion within its coding region that expresses a polyglutamine repeat in the protein huntingtin. Together with the characteristic formation of aggregates in HD, aberrant protein interactions and several post-translational modifications affect huntingtin during disease progression and lead to the dysfunction and death of selective neurons in the brains of patients. The exact molecular mechanisms by which mutant huntingtin induces cell death are not completely understood but may involve the gain of new toxic functions and the loss of the beneficial properties of huntingtin. This review focuses on the cellular functions in which huntingtin is involved and how a better understanding of pathogenic pathways can lead to new therapeutic approaches. Received 24 May 2006; received after revision 5 July 2006; accepted 23 August 2006     

预拓扑与网族的预收敛类

引入了网族及预收敛类的概念,给出了从T(X)(即X上的预拓扑的全体)到S(X)(即X上的预收敛类的全体)的单射,证明了当X是有限集时该映射是双射.     

基于网络考试系统的UML建模

通过统一建模语言(UML)对网络考试系统进行了分析和建模,建立了系统用例图,并结合主要用例-学生考试模块,建立了类图、顺序图、活动图.描述了系统的功能需求、功能流程、类的结构与关系、对象之间的交互.最终采用面向对象语言实现在线考试系统.使用这种方法对系统进行建模,优化了开发过程,并有利于提高系统的稳定性、可维护性和可重用性.     

Design of electric-field coupled underwater wireless power transfer system based on class E amplifier

针对单级LC谐振型电场耦合式水下无线电能传输(electrical-field coupled power transfer,ECPT)系统的输出功率低、谐振容量小、频率漂移大等关键问题,设计一种更适于海水环境下的无线电能传输系统。该系统基于CLC-S调谐网络,综合E类放大器效率高、频率高等优点,实现较大的功率输出。利用Maxwell有限元仿真软件,对海水环境下耦合机构的电容值进行了有限元分析。通过对水下耦合机构进行试验,分析负载品质因数Q、归一化频率μ对水下无线电能传输系统的影响规律,可为水下ECPT系统设计提供参考。     

排球课不同类型热身活动效果分析

结合问卷调查,分析并比较了各种不同类型热身活动的特点.通过对学生经过热身活动后的效果分析,为排球课热身活动提供理论依据与实践经验.     

21～30阶群嵌入置换群的一些讨论

本文主要讨论了21阶到30阶的群到置换群的最小嵌入,并讨论了最小嵌入的个数及共轭类划分,并且最终得到了所有的结果．     

教学中的“课堂生成问题”分析

讨论了＂课堂生成问题＂的意义及其产生的原因,提出了处理好＂课堂生成问题＂的思路.认为处理好＂课堂生成问题＂贵在长期学习、积累,贵在态度谦虚、诚恳,贵在学业修养.