The Ras family of GTPases in cancer cell invasion

The ability of tumoral cells to invade surrounding tissues is a prerequisite for metastasis. This is the most life-threatening event of tumor progression, and so research is intensely focused on elucidating the mechanisms responsible for invasion and metastasis. The Ras superfamily of GTPases comprises several subfamilies of small GTP-binding proteins whose functions include the control of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, as well as cytoskeleton organization. The development of metastasis is a multistep process that requires coordinated activation of proliferation, motility, changes in normal cell-to-cell and cell-to-substrate contacts, degradation of extracellular matrix, inhibition of apoptosis, and adaptation to an inappropriate tissue environment. Several members of the Ras superfamily of proteins have been implicated in these processes. The present review summarizes the current knowledge in this field.     

胰岛素信号通路PI3K／Akt对海马神经元β-淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶1mRNA水平的影晌

目的通过胰岛素和磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（P13K）抑制剂渥曼青霉素（wortmannin）对P13K／丝氨酸苏氨酸蛋白激酶（P13K／Akt）信号通路的激活和抑制作用,观察P13K／Akt信号通路对海马神经元β-淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶1（BACEl）mRNA水平表达的影响。方法20只sD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、假手术组、胰岛素组和渥曼青霉素组,海马立体定向注射胰岛素和P13K抑制剂渥曼青霉素。逆转录一聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测P13K／Akt信号传导下游蛋白Akt以及BACEImRNA水平。结果注射胰岛素的海马P13K信号通路下游信号分子：AktmRNA表达上调（分别较空白和阴性对照组P=0．047,P=0．002）,而BACElmRNA表达下调（分别较空白和阴性对照组P=0．004,P=0．01）。渥曼青霉素组的P13K下游信号分子AktmRNA表达明显被抑制（分别较空白和阴性对照组P=0．002,P=0．039）,同时BACEImRNA的表达较对照组上调（分别较空白和阴性对照组P=0．039,P=0．018）。结论胰岛素信号通路P13K／AM可以调节BACEl的转录水平参与阿尔茨海默病的发病机制。     

Rho激酶抑制剂诱导PC12和PC12Adh细胞突起生长的差异比较

 PC12细胞是研究神经分化最常用的细胞之一.在rho激酶(ROCK)抑制剂的作用下,PC12细胞能够长出神经样突起.最近,美国菌种保存中心(ATCC)同时提供PC12细胞和PC12 Adh细胞.研究的主要目的是观察ROCK抑制剂诱导这2种细胞长突起是否存在差异.PC12细胞和PC12Adh细胞按照ATCC方法进行培养,用神经生长因子(NGF,1000ng/mL)或ROCK抑制剂(33μmol/L Y27632,33μmol/L法舒地尔)处理细胞1~4d.结果发现NGF能够诱导这2种细胞生长突起,而ROCK抑制剂只诱导PC12Adh细胞长突起,对PC12细胞不明显.因此,ROCK抑制剂诱导这2种细胞突起生长存在明显差异,PC12Adh细胞更适合用于ROCK抑制剂的神经诱导分化实验.     

脱氧胞苷激酶基因的DNA探针的制备和纯化

本文报道乳酸杆菌脱氧胞苷激酶基因的DNA探针的人工合成和分离纯化以及杂交条件的探讨。结果表明:合成的探针可与酶解的核DNA杂交,显示出三条杂交带。     

Chitin synthetase activity and inhibition in different insect microsomal preparations

Summary To facilitate massive screening and for structure-activity relationship studies of chitin synthesis inhibitors, methods to obtain the chitin synthetase (CS) containing microsomal fraction from the postmitochondrial supernatant were examined. Compared with fractionation by differential centrifugation, the CaCl₂ precipitate yielded the most active CS preparation. Acidification (pH 5.6) and polyethylene glycol 8000 (5%) treatments resulted in relatively low CS activity. Inhibitory effects were detected with polyoxin-D and 1-geranyl-2-methyl benzimidazole, a novel CS inhibitor, but not with benzoylphenyl ureas.     

SlNPV PK基因的部分序列分析

ＳｌＮＰＶ基因组ＤＮＡ的ＨｉｎｄⅢ－Ｘｂａ片段上含有部分的ＰＫ基因，ＳｌＮＰＶＰＫ的氨基酸序列与ＨａＮＰＶ，ＨｚＮＰＶＳｐｌｉＮＰＶ，ＡｆＮＰＶ，ＡｃＮＩＶ，ＬｄＮＰＶＰＫ氨基酸序列的同源性分别为４５％，４４％，８９％，３７％，３８％和３７％，其上含有蛋白激酶的特征序列ＩＶＨＡＮＤＶＫＬＥＮＶＬ。     

Pyruvate kinase inhibited by L-cysteine as a marker of tumorigenic human urothelial cell lines

Summary It was found that a decrease in electrophoretic mobility of pyruvate kinase (PK) isoenzyme, and an increase of the sensitivity of this enzyme to L-cysteine, were markers of immortalization and tumorigenic properties, respectively, in human urothelial cell lines characterized by different grades of transformation (TGr) in vitro.     

Esterases of the flounder (Platichthys flesus,Pleuronectidae, Teleostei): Development of an identification protocol using starch gel electrophoresis and characterization of loci

Summary Fish esterases are among the most difficult enzymes to identify using starch gel electrophoresis because of the many loci that are simultaneously active, and especially because of duplication phenomena, satellite bands, and stain trails. In an attempt to simplify and clarify electropherograms, various staining and inhibitory methods were tested on esterases from the flounderPlatichthys flesus. A range of migration and staining buffers and substrates were used, as well as chemical inhibition and heat inactivation. A combination of the methods made it possible to distinguish and characterize the five presumed esterase loci.     

ＣaＭ激酶及其在植物体内的功能

介绍了CaM激酶的结构和生化特点，以及植物体内CaM激酶的研究进展。从植物细胞信号转导、发育和基因表达等３个方面讨论了CaM激酶激酶在植物体内的生理功能。