Genistein inhibits human TNF-α-induced porcine endothelial cell adhesiveness for human monocytes and natural killer cells

Cellular immune response is a major barrier to xenotransplantation. Human tumor necrosis factor-α (hTNF-α) possesses cross-species activity and directly amplifies the immune rejection via the upregulation of adhesion molecules on porcine endothelium. We investigated the role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in the induction of expression of E-sclectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and the augmentation of adhesion of human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMo) and natural killer cells (PBNK), after rhTNF-α-stimulation of porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) in vitro, rhTNF-α-increased adhesiveness of PAEC for both PBMo and PBNK was dose-dependently reduced by pretreatment of PAEC with the selective protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor genistein. The inhibitory effect occurred at the early time of PAEC activation triggered by rhTNF-α, and was completely reversible. PTK activity assay indicated that genistein also suppressed rhTNF-α stimulated activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) in PAEC in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis showed that genistein inhibited the upregulation of E-selectin and VCAM-1 by rhTNF-α. These results suggest that PTKs may regulate the expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1 on PAEC and the adherence of PBMo and PBNK induced by rhTNF-α. Moreover, dietary genistein, used as an adhesion antagonist, may contribute to managing the cell-mediated rejection in the clinical application.     

Assessment of blood and oxygen delivery to flaps of rhesus using near infrared steady-state spectroscopy

Near infrared spectroscopy has been considered as a potentially ideal noninvasive technique for the postoperative monitoring of plastic surgery. In this study, 6 flaps were raised on rhesus monkeys' forearms. Blood and oxygen delivery to these flaps was monitored following vascular occlusions and inhalation of pure oxygen. Optical fibers were adopted in the probe of the oximeter so that the cutaneous detection could be performed in reflectance mode. Different and repeatable patterns of changes were measured following vascular occlusions on flaps. It is clear that the near infrared spectroscopy is capable of postoperatively monitoring vascular problems in flaps, especially the venous problem. Near infrared spectroscopy showed high sensitivity to detect the dynamic changes in flaps induced by inhalation of pure oxygen in this study. The experimental results indicated that it was potential to assess tissue viability utilizing the dynamic changes induced by some noninvasive stimulation (such as inhaling pure oxygen). It may be a new assessing method that is rapid, little influenced by other factors and less inconvenient to patients.     

海嘧啶抗肿瘤作用机制的研究

研究了海嘧啶抗肿瘤作用的机制,观察了海嘧啶对荷瘤小鼠红细胞免疫粘附肿瘤细胞的功能以及对红细胞膜及肿瘤细胞膜上唾液酸的含量的影响.结果表明海嘧啶可以提高荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤免疫功能,提高红细胞膜上唾液酸的含量,而使肿瘤细胞上的唾液酸含量降低.这可能其抗肿瘤作用的机制之一.     

灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液的药效学研究

目的验证灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液的临床前药效学作用;方法选择不同的药理学指标对灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液的药效学作用进行评价;结果灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液对实验性大鼠急性脑缺血具有显著的保护作用,可使大鼠血液中纤维蛋白溶解酶活性明显增加,对大鼠血液血栓形成具有明显的抑制作用,可使小鼠血液凝血时间显著性延长,对小鼠肠系膜微循环具有明显的改善作用,具有明显抑制血小板聚集的功能,亦可显著性降低家兔脑血管阻力,改善脑循环;结论试验结果证明了灯盏花素葡萄糖注射液具有良好的活血化瘀作用,对改善脑血循环、增加脑血流量、降低脑血管阻力、急性脑缺血改善、增加血液纤溶酶活性、防治血液血栓形成等功效显著;讨论研究结果与文献相关报道基本一致,为其临床广泛应用提供了有力的科学依据.     

自养小球藻转化为异养代谢生长后细胞的超微结构与相关生化组成

利用细胞培养技术转化绿色自养的小球藻(Cholrella protothecoides)进行异养生长代谢.酶法分析反映,异养转化过程中细胞培养液中葡萄糖的利用率很高。转化后的细胞光合片层消失,叶绿体同时消失,细胞被一些大的酯肪泡填充,异养藻细胞的细胞壁也比原自养藻细胞加厚,而且细胞表而发生皱缩现象。再次将异养藻细胞置于自养生长条件下,细胞的光合片层和叶绿体结构又得以重建。生化分析显示,经异养转化后藻细胞蛋白质含量下降,为原绿色自养细胞的1/5;相反脂肪含量大幅度增加,是原初的4.4倍,达到细胞干重的72.％。异养藻细胞样品各氨某酸含量都低于自养藻细胞样品,前者以谷氨酸含量较高,后者含甘氨酸最多。在自养藻细胞样品中亚油酸的相对含量最高,为56.50％;转化为异养生长后变成油酸的相对含量占优势,达69.36％,说明异养转作用可明显降低细胞中脂防酸的不饱和程度。     

榆黄蘑对小鼠血乳酸,血尿素,乳酸脱氢酶影响的实验研究

以小鼠为实验材料，研究榆黄蘑发酵液对血乳酸、乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）、血尿素（ＢＵＮ）的影响。结果表明，与对照组比较，服用榆黄蘑发酵液２５ｄ的小鼠剧烈运动停止后５０ｍｉｎ，血乳酸含量降低３２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；乳酸在血液中的清除速率提高１９．５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；血清ＬＤＨ活性提高１１．６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＢＵＮ增量降低６５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。实验结果提示榆黄蘑有较好的抗疲劳作用。     

甘蔗愈伤组织耐盐性研究:耐盐愈伤组织的筛选及脯氨酸、还原糖含量变化

在附加不同浓度NaCl及2.4-D 2mg/L的MS培养基上,甘蔗愈伤组织表现出不同的生长效应。培养基中NaCl浓度低时(1%以下),甘蔗愈伤组织表现为适应性生长;而在高NaCl浓度时(2%以上),愈伤组织生长表现出盐害特征。脯氨酸、还原糖测定结果显示,在盐适应情况下,甘蔗愈伤组织中的脯氨酸含量较高,还原糖含量较低;在盐害情况下则相反。     

Age-related lipid peroxidation in the digestive gland of mussels: The role of the antioxidant defence systems

Summary The main cellular defence systems against free radical-mediated oxidative stress are significantly reduced in the dige⁺ive gland of aged (>10 years old) compared to younger (2–4 years old) mussels (Mytilus edulis L.). Moreover, the concentration of lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde) is increased in the same age group with respect to younger animals. The obtained data indicate that an impairment of the antioxidant defence systems would render the older animals more susceptible to peroxidative stress, thus supporting the general significance of the free radical theory of aging.     

川芎丹参对肾上腺素所致血瘀大鼠模型某些血液流变性的影响

利用肾上腺素（浓度０．１％，０．１５ｍｌ／只）促成急性血瘀模型，分别用川芎、丹参两味中药预防性治疗，观察大鼠的体外血栓、红细胞变形能力、血小板聚集性的变化，探讨活血化瘀药物的作用机理．结果表明：两味中药对大鼠血瘀模型的体外血栓、红细胞变形能力均有明显的改善作用，而对血小板聚集性未见有影响．     

猪血蛋白源利用初探

1.采用动物酶一次性水解猪全血与干血粉获得含17种氨基酸的水解物,蛋白质含量达83.33%。对该水解物进行了氨氮、总氮、蛋白质含量、氨基酸组成的一系列分析。以水解物连续饲养小白鼠30天,未见毒性,分析饲喂30天后的小白鼠血浆蛋白及 SH 含量,发现血清蛋白含量增长,SH 含量未见变化.30天后肝组织重量及指数不变,解剖观察小白鼠也未见病变.进一步说明水解物无毒性,唯免疫器官脾脏增大21%,最后以1%浓度水解物添加普通酱油,结果提高氨氮32.43%.2.对比研究了硫酸水解猪血粉提制复合氨基酸工艺,又研究了猪血蛋白质水解液用石灰乳脱酸制备复合 L—氨基酸的方法。