Changes in sea surface temperature in western South China Sea over the past 450 ka

Sea surface temperature over the past 450 ka was obtained by the unsaturation of molecular fossil-long chain alkenone with a resolution of about 1 ka from the western South China Sea. This is the longest temperature profile in the South China Sea at such high resolution. The U37^κ-SST results revealed similar glacial-interglacial cycles as the δ^18O profile of planktonic foraminifera, with SST variability of 23-25.5℃ for glacial and 25-28℃ for interglacial periods. The highest SST （28.4℃） was recorded at MIS5.5 and lowest SST （22.6℃） during MIS2. The SST record preceded the planktonic foraminiferal δ^18O on five glacial-interglacial transitions. Comparison of temperature records from the Southern and Northern Hemispheres indicated a more Southern Hemisphere-like pattern for the temperature variation in the SCS. Strong precession and semiprecession signals in the spectra of our SST record manifest the tropical phenomena.     

Palaeoenvironmental changes from pollen record in deep sea core PC-1 from northern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea during the past 24 ka

A pollen record of core PC-1 from the northern Okinawa Trough, East China Sea （ECS）, provides information on vegetation and climate changes since 24 cal. kaBP. A total of 103 samples were palynologically analyzed at 8 cm intervals with a time resolution of 230 a. Four pollen zones are recognized： zone Ⅰ （812-715 cm, 24.2-21.1 cah kaBP）, zone Ⅱ （715-451 cm, 21.1-15.2 cah kaBP）, zone Ⅲ （451-251 cm, 15.2-0.8 cah kaBP）, zone Ⅳ （251-0 cm, 10.8-0.3 cal. kaBP）, corresponding to Late MIS 3, Last Glacial Maximum （LGM）, deglaciation and Holocene, respectively. The LGM is characterized by the dominance of herbs, mainly Artemisia, and high pollen influx, implying an open vegetation on the ex- posed continental shelf and a cool and dry climate. The deglaciation is a climate warming stage with Pinus percentage increased and Artemisia percentage decreased and a rapid sea-level rise. The Holocene is characterized by predominance of tree pollen with rapid increase in Castanea-Castanopsis indicating the development of mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest and a warm, humid climate. Low pollen influx during the Holocene probably implies submergence of the continental shelf and retreat of the pollen source area. The vegetation indicated by pollen assemblage found in this upper zone is consistent with the present vegetation found in Kyushu, Japan. Originating from the humid mountain area of North Luzon of the Philippines, Tasmania and New Zealand, Phyllocladus with sporadic occurrence throughout PC-1 core probably suggests the influence of Palaeo-Kuroshio Current or intense summer monsoon. The observed changes in Pinus and Herbs percentage indicate fluctuations of the sea level, and high Pinus percentage corresponds to high sea level. Spectrum analysis of the pollen percentage record reveals many millennial-scale periodicities, such as periodicities of 6.8, 3.8, 2.2, 1.6 ka.     

Pulleniatina Minimum Event during the last deglaciation in the southern South China Sea

The planktonic foraminiferal faunal census of core MD 05-2894 （7°2.25′N, 111°33.11′E, water depth 1982 m）, retrieved from the southern South China Sea （SCS） during the ＂Marco Polo＂ cruise in 2005, was performed to investigate the abundance changes of a subsurface dweller, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata. The results display that the abundance of P. obliquiloculata nearly declines to zero during 16.0--14.9 ka, corresponding to the Heinrich 1 （H1） cold interval. The unexpected decrease of P. obliquiloculata occurs in the adjacent cores, roughly between 17 and 14.8 ka based on the previous studies. Accordingly, the Pulleniatina Minimum Event in the last deglaciation can serve as a good stratigraphical indicator, at least in the southern SCS. To further explore the changes of sea surface temperature （SST） and subsurface seawater temperature （SSST）, we made parallel Mg/Ca measurements on surface dweller Globigerinoides tuber and subsurface dweller P. obliquiloculata tests. Since the last deglaciation, the SSTs show a continuous increasing trend towards the late Holocene, while the warming of the subsurface water is punctuated by a 2℃-cooling interval across the deglacial Pulleniatina Minimum Event. Both increased 5180 differences between G. ruber and P. obliquiloculata, and increased temperature differences between surface and subsurface water suggest a shoaling of the mixed layer during the deglacial Pulleniatina Minimum Event. Therefore, we consider that the significant changes in the upper ocean structure are responsible for the Pulleniatina Minimum Event during the last deglaciation in the southern SCS.     

海河流域IWEM项目设计要点、初步成果及前景展望

对全球环境基金(GEF)海河流域水资源与水环境综合管理(IWEM)项目设计目标、理念、技术方法及当前项目进展进行了简要介绍,对今后项目成果的示范推广意义进行了展望.     

红色旅游“效益最优”价值拓展及策略选择

从对红色旅游现状进行分析的基础上,通过"效益最优"价值拓展评估体系的建立.论述了拓展红色旅游"效益最优"的价值体现及策略选择.     

基于水环境容量价值的水源区生态补偿研究

目的 通过对南水北调中线陕西水源区水环境容量损失价值的分析研究,为国家和受水区给予水源区生态补偿提供参考依据.方法 通过建立模型,从污水处理替代价值和损失效益两方面进行计算.结果 南水北调中线陕西水源区的水环境容量损失价值与陕西水源区经济发展现状以及用水量有关.结论 基于水环境容量价值的水源区生态补偿主要从污水处理替代费、调水后水源区损失效益,以及水环境容量损失价值3方面进行补偿.     

“红军之友社”的成立及其历史贡献

根据黎平会议和扎西会议决议,党和红军决定在川贵边界建立以遵义为中心的新的革命根据地。为此,中央红军在遵义开展了一系列艰苦卓绝的赤化工作。“红军之友社”就是在党和红军的影响和领导下建立和发展起来的,它的发展壮大为中央红军在遵义的土地革命作出了重要贡献。     

生态补偿机制是控制流域水污染的有效途径——以珠江流域水污染为视角

以珠江流域水污染为视角,针对珠江流域水系发达,跨区域河流众多,区域各省生态状况、经济发展结构和水平具有相当的异质性特点,提出流域生态补偿法律体系构建必须充分发挥地方立法的自主性,从流域生态补偿的主体、补偿的对象、补偿标准、补偿方式、生态补偿金管理、政府支持等具体制度方面提出了设想,以建立适应本区域的生态补偿长效法律机制。认为流域水污染已经成为中国目前水污染防治体系中的突出环节,生态补偿机制是控制流域水污染的有效途径。     

灵肉的和谐与背离——红牡丹爱情悲剧

林语堂笔下的红牡丹,一生执着追求灵肉和谐的理想爱情,无所畏惧,不屈不挠,但一次又一次都陷入失败的深渊,最终无奈地走人灵肉背离的婚姻悲剧。本文通过对牡丹爱情悲剧的解读,发现导致牡丹爱情悲剧的原因,是牡丹自己任性偏执冲动的极端个性,而操纵牡丹悲剧的命运之神,是根植于作者林语堂内心深处的不可动摇的“中庸”人生理念。     

明清长篇家庭小说“家庭矛盾”之解析

家庭矛盾在明清长篇家庭小说中是一种普遍性存在。从小说情节来看,"家庭矛盾"是建筑长篇家庭小说叙事大厦的重要框架;从矛盾内容本身来看,这些家庭冲突及斗争除具有普遍性的特点之外,还表现得极为激烈和难以调和,极大地彰显出中国古代家族纷争和纠葛的残酷性。家庭小说作家在家庭矛盾的思考中似乎寄托着深层的隐喻意义,因而家庭矛盾亦是明清长篇家庭小说重要的类型特征之一。