试论长江文化繁衍的区位条件

从自然生态环境角度,探讨了长江文化繁衍的区位条件,分析表明,长江流域地处世界亚热带的一方宝地,是滋养文化的“绿洲”和“沃土”,贯穿中国地形的三大阶梯,促成了文化的差异性与不平衡性,背靠“世界屋脊”,面向浩翰海洋,成为文化交流的屏障与通道,位于自然过渡区和生态交错带,呈现文化的丰富性和多样性。     

从月这意象解读《红楼梦》

本文以月之原型意象及衍生意象对《红楼梦》从内容上进行解构,认为《红楼梦》的主旨是为全人类的母亲唱一曲赞歌,为封建末世的不幸女性唱一曲颂歌和悲歌,表现了作者强烈的女性崇拜意识。有关小说内容的其他观点,都应在此之下,这是作者最主要的创作意图。又从月之运行规律对《红楼梦》的结构和情报进行了解构,认为小说仅写了月亮一月运行的四分之一周期,是用月亮的小循环推出社会和家族兴亡的大循环的,所以小说到八十回就是完整的,不存在所谓“遗稿”的“迷失”问题,高鹗续书恰恰是符合曹雪芹的愿意的。月之意象是解开《红楼梦》的一把钥匙,一个关键。     

和田河流域生态脆弱性成因辨识

通过献资料和野外考察,认为和田河流域的脆弱生态环境是长期的自然作用过程及人类活动干预下形成的。自然地理要素有脆弱性的一面,不合理的人类活动加剧了生态环境退化的进程。和田河流域脆弱生态环境是水、植被环境恶化导致的生态平衡失调形成的。总体表现为以荒漠化为主体的环境问题日益加剧,并通过土地沙漠化、土壤盐渍化、草场退化、生物多样性丧失,以及干旱、风沙、盐碱、洪灾等表现出来。综合评价结果表明,和田河流域的生态环境质量属中等脆弱。     

Adsorption and catalytic combustion of ARB on CuO-Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>

CuO-Fe2O3 composite material with strong magnetism and a large surface area is prepared by the co-precipitate method. Its adsorption properties towards Acid Red B (ARB) and the regeneration by catalytic combastion of organic compounds have been studied. The results show that the prepared CuO-Fe2O3 composite is an excellent adsorbent for ARB adsorption at acid condition. The presence of Cl^- has no effect on ARB adsorption. But the SO4^2- can inhibit ARB adsorption. After being recovered by the magnetic separation method, the adsorbent can be regenerated by catalytic oxidation of absorbate at 300℃ in air atmosphere. The combustion reactions of ARB in the presence or absence of CuO-Fe2O3 are studied by in situ diffuse refieclion FTIR. The results indicate that, in the presence of CuO-Fe2O3, the degradation temperature is significantly lowered by the catalysis of CuO-Fe2O3, and ARB can be oxidized completely without volatile organic compound by-product; in comparison, in the absence of CuO-Fe2O3, the temperature needed for oxidation of ARB is higher and the reaction is incomplete with some N-containing harmful compounds produced. The reusability of CuO-Fe2O3 is also studied in successive seven adsorption-regeneration cycles.     

西北太平洋部分海域AVHRR、TMI与MODIS遥感海表层温度的初步验证

选取[10～35°N,110～165°E]的西北太平洋海域,利用2002年7月～2005年12月Argo浮标数据对AVHRR/MODIS/TMI SST的daily（升轨）数据进行验证.结果表明：AVHRR/MODIS/TMI daily SST与Argo浮标5～6 m层温度总体的均方差rms在0.6～0.9℃,平均偏差bias在-0.2～0.2℃,平均绝对偏差bias_abs在0.3～0.7℃.这与三传感器全球范围的SST反演目标相当,说明在本区域SST反演不存在显著偏差.各遥感SST与浮标温度的差异存在季节变化,夏季偏高,很可能与夏季垂直混合较弱,比对采用的实测水温与海表温度差距较大有关.在3种遥感SST中,TMISST偏离实测值的程度最高,且偏离范围较大.作者认为这与该区域黑潮经过,产生诸多涡旋和锋面,SST时空变化剧烈而TMI空间分辨率较低有关.本研究将为此西北太平洋海域的多源SST融合提供一个比较可靠的依据.     

南海北部大陆架海洋生态系统Ecopath模型的应用与分析

过度捕捞和环境恶化导致渔业资源和海洋生态系统逆向发展。采用EwE5.1软件,对南海北部大陆架建立Ecopath(生态通道模型)模型。通过各级流量、生物量、生产量、捕捞量、系统总流量以及生态位和混和营养效应等方面的分析,得出营养流通主要有2种途径,肉食鱼类间饵料竞争非常激烈,低值鱼类间具相似的捕食压力,顶级捕食者对大部分鱼类负效应不明显。系统受过度捕捞渔业影响很大,并存在营养级I利用效率低和渔业资源小型化、低值化等不稳定的幼态特征。     

洛阳盆地平原区全新世地貌环境演变

对洛阳盆地平原区典型剖面的物质组成、测年数据和考古遗址空间分布特点的综合分析显示,该地区全新世地貌环境经历了伊、洛河一、二级阶地形成、阶地面接受洪积冲积物质和风尘物质不断加积、伊、洛河夹河滩地不断扩大的演变过程.二级阶地形成于全新世初期,一级阶地形成于约3.1 ka BP,阶地形成的原因以气候变化为主,因此两级阶地为气候阶地;夹河滩地自晚全新世开始,因伊、洛河汇流点东移而不断扩大;引起滩地扩大的根本原因是人类活动的不断加强.     

Benthic foraminiferal fauna turnover at 2.1 Ma in the northern South China Sea

Quantitative analysis of benthic foraminifera from ODP Site 1146 in the northern South China Sea (SCS) shows that abundance of Bulimina alazanensis, sometimes up to about 90%, decreased gradually since 3.2 Ma, especially at 2.1 Ma. Abundance of other benthic foraminiferal species, Globobulimina sub-globosa and Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, increased after 2.1 Ma. Comparison with changes in oxygen and carbon isotopes of planktonic and benthic foraminifera shows that high abundance values of B. alazanensis corresponded with lower values of oxygen isotope, but for carbon isotope, high values of the species were consistent with heavier carbon isotope of benthic foraminifera and lighter carbon isotope of planktonic foraminifera, respectively, and vice versa. Considering factors such as uplift of Bashi Strait, expansion of the North Hemisphere Glaciation, strengthening of East Asian winter mon-soon and variations in oxygen and carbon isotope of foraminifera, changes of B. alazanensis in ODP Site 1146 suggest that the source of deep water masses of the northern South China Sea changed from the warm Pacific deep water with high oxygen content to Pacific Intermediate water with low oxygen content at 2.1 Ma. In addition, the strengthened East Asian winter monsoon resulted in increased pri-mary productivity, high nutrient and suboxic bottom water. Variations in species of B. alazanensis seemed to be unable to tolerate environmental stress induced by deep water masses and productivity changes.     

Clay minerals in surface sediments of the Pearl River drainage basin and their contribution to the South China Sea

Clay minerals have played a significant role in the study of the East Asian monsoon evolution in the South China Sea by being able to track oceanic current variations and to reveal contemporaneous paleoclimaUc changes prevailing in continental source areas. As one of the most important rivers inputting terrigenous matters to the northern South China Sea, the Pearl River was not previously paid attention to from the viewpoint of clay mineralogy. This paper presents a detailed study on clay minerals in surface sediments collected from the Pearl River drainage basin （including all three main channels, various branches, and the Lingdingyang in the estuary） by using the X-ray diffraction （XRD） method. The results indicate that the clay mineral assemblage consists dominantly of kaolinite （35%-65%）, lesser abundance of chlorite （20%-35%） and illite （12%-42%）, and very scare smectite occurrences （generally 〈5%）. Their respective distribution does not present any obvious difference throughout the Pearl River drainage basin. However, downstream the Pearl River to the northern South China Sea, the clay mineral assemblage varies significantly： kaolinite decreases gradually, smecUte and illite increase gradually. Additionally, illite chemistry index steps down and illite crystallinity steps up. These variations indicate the contribution of major kaolinite, lesser illite and chlorite, and very scarce smecUte to the northern South China Sea from the Pearl River drainage basin. The maximum contribution of clay minerals from the Pearl River is 72% to the northern margin and only 15% to the northern slope of the South China Sea. In both glacials and interglacials, kaolinite indicates that the ability of mechanical erosion occurred in the Pearl River drainage basin.     

Coupling and propagating of mesoscale sea level variability between the western Pacific and the South China Sea

The coupling and propagating features of mesoscale sea level variability between the western Pacific (WP) and the South China Sea (SCS) were studied based on time series analyses of satellite altimeter measured, along-track sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) along 21°N and the slope of the northern SCS. The analyses show that mesoscale sea level fluctuations in the WP have rather limited coherent effects on the SCS, and no statistically significant propagation of mesoscale variability through the Luzon Strait was observed except in the 45-day band. Evidence suggests that the 45-day fluctuation is very much likely a character of the Kuroshio originating from its low-latitude beginning. It is also sug- gested that the westward propagating Rossby waves will deform when they encounter the dynamical barrier of the Kuroshio. The Kuroshio will then acts on the SCS in its own way. The SCS is a relatively isolated system in the sense of coupling and propagating of oceanic mesoscale waves.