非均布轮载作用下沥青路面应力分析

轮胎对路面作用的荷载模式长期以来被简化为圆形均布的形式,与实际情况有很大区别,为此,采用三维20结点线弹性有限元方法得到了三种非均匀轮载作用下沥青路面内部的应力场,并分析了不同轮载模式下,在轮胎与路面接触区域附近,路面结构力学反应的不同规律,同时,根据超载轮胎接地压力的实际分布形式,分析了车辆超载绎路在的影响,并初步探讨了道路表面发生损坏的原因。     

瓦斯爆炸气相爆轰参数的数值计算与分析

结合所建立的掘进巷道瓦斯爆炸的物理模型，当已知瓦斯聚积位置、体积和浓度时，利用Hugoniot方程和Rayleigh方程推导出了瓦斯爆轰参数的公式。同时，给出了在瓦斯强爆轰、弱爆轰和瞬时爆轰三种情形下的气相爆轰参数的表达式。利用爆轰波理论和流体动力学理论对算例进行验证，并且对结果进行了讨论和分析后认为，爆轰产物组分与温度和压力密切相关，在对爆轰波参数进行精确计算时，需要考虑爆轰温度和压力条件。     

量子统计力学演化算法

将进化理论和量子统计力学理论相结合, 提出一种新的量子统计力学演化算法. 将整个遗传系统作为一个量子统计系统, 并借鉴量子信息论中量子比特的叠加性, 采用量子编码表征染色体, 使系统中的量子能够表示多种线性叠加状态. 算法类比量子统计力学中的相关概念, 定义了量子系统的能量和熵, 并利用量子系统中能量和熵竞争的模式系统地协调进化理论中选择压力和种群多样性间的冲突, 使算法在提高选择压力和维持种群多样性之间保持了适当的平衡, 可以快速的收敛到全局最优解. 实验结果表明, 该算法有较高的执行效率和求解能力.     

开孔泡沫金属动态力学性能及能量特性

泡沫金属材料在防护吸能领域有着重要的应用前景,深入研究泡沫金属及其相关结构的冲击力学性能十分必要。通过Φ50 mm的分离式霍普金森杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB)装置对开孔泡沫金属Fe、Ni、Fe-Ni合金(50 mm×10 mm)进行动态冲击试验。试验分析了应变和应变率对其力学性能及吸能特性的影响,通过对其峰值应力、波动应力、理想吸能效率等参数的对比分析多种冲击速度下不同泡沫金属材料的抗压强度与吸能性,为建筑、航天等工程的使用提供理论基础。研究结果表明：高冲击速度下峰值应力增大且Fe-Ni合金抗压强度最高,不同材料泡沫金属均存在波动应力且压密阶段时间各不相同。应变率介于600～1 150时泡沫金属Ni吸能性最优,该区间外Fe-Ni合金更优。当应变率大于1 000时,Fe-Ni合金理想吸能效率增幅较大,相较于700时提高了48%、为最优理想吸能材料。     

采用散斑法测定复合材料的力学参数

本文采用散斑法对两种不同铺层方式的环氧基———玻璃纤维复合材料层合板的弹性模量,泊松比及应力应变分布进行了测试研究,给出了相应的实验数据,为理论计算方法的研究提供了有关参数     

Localization and the interface between quantum mechanics, quantum field theory and quantum gravity II: The search of the interface between QFT and QG

The main topics of this second part of a two-part essay are some consequences of the phenomenon of vacuum polarization as the most important physical manifestation of modular localization. Besides philosophically unexpected consequences, it has led to a new constructive “outside-inwards approach” in which the pointlike fields and the compactly localized operator algebras which they generate only appear from intersecting much simpler algebras localized in noncompact wedge regions whose generators have extremely mild almost free field behavior.Another consequence of vacuum polarization presented in this essay is the localization entropy near a causal horizon which follows a logarithmically modified area law in which a dimensionless area (the area divided by the square of dR where dR is the thickness of a light-sheet) appears. There are arguments that this logarithmically modified area law corresponds to the volume law of the standard heat bath thermal behavior. We also explain the symmetry enhancing effect of holographic projections onto the causal horizon of a region and show that the resulting infinite dimensional symmetry groups contain the Bondi–Metzner–Sachs group. This essay is the second part of a partitioned longer paper.     

基于散体动力学理论的掘进机星轮装载机构研究

为了解决掘进机星轮对物料推力过大,物料因惯性而不随轮齿同步运动的问题,运用散体动力学理论分析掘进机装载机构的星轮轮齿推移物料的运动过程.建立力学和数学模型,推导出掘进机星轮机构装载过程中保持物料稳定运行的推力计算公式和轮齿许用加速度范围;并用计算机模拟轮齿推力与轮齿参数的关系,提出了轮齿推移物料的动力学模型和方程,为星轮装载机构的设计和研究提供了参考依据.     

Klein-Weyl's program and the ontology of gauge and quantum systems

We distinguish two orientations in Weyl's analysis of the fundamental role played by the notion of symmetry in physics, namely an orientation inspired by Klein's Erlangen program and a phenomenological-transcendental orientation. By privileging the former to the detriment of the latter, we sketch a group(oid)-theoretical program—that we call the Klein-Weyl program—for the interpretation of both gauge theories and quantum mechanics in a single conceptual framework. This program is based on Weyl's notion of a “structure-endowed entity” equipped with a “group of automorphisms”. First, we analyze what Weyl calls the “problem of relativity” in the frameworks provided by special relativity, general relativity, and Yang-Mills theories. We argue that both general relativity and Yang-Mills theories can be understood in terms of a localization of Klein's Erlangen program: while the latter describes the group-theoretical automorphisms of a single structure (such as homogenous geometries), local gauge symmetries and the corresponding gauge fields (Ehresmann connections) can be naturally understood in terms of the groupoid-theoretical isomorphisms in a family of identical structures. Second, we argue that quantum mechanics can be understood in terms of a linearization of Klein's Erlangen program. This stance leads us to an interpretation of the fact that quantum numbers are “indices characterizing representations of groups” ((Weyl, 1931a), p.xxi) in terms of a correspondence between the ontological categories of identity and determinateness.