RH精炼过程循环流量及夹杂去除的水模型研究

以某钢厂120tRH真空精炼炉为原型建立水模型,研究不同工艺参数对RH精炼过程钢液循环流量和夹杂去除率的影响。结果表明,钢液循环流量随着驱动气体流量、浸入深度、真空度、气孔数的增大而增大,随处理量的增大而减小,实验室循环流量最佳工艺参数为:气体流量2.8m3/h,浸入深度150mm,真空度3614Pa,气孔数12个;夹杂去除率随驱动气体流量、浸入深度、真空度和气孔数的变化均不是单调的,而是存在一个最佳值使夹杂去除率最高,实验室去除夹杂的合理工艺条件为:气体流量2.2m3/h,浸入深度125mm,真空度为3500Pa,气孔数8个。     

LF-RH工艺生产超低硫钢钢水温度预报模型

根据LF-RH精炼超低硫钢的工艺流程,基于冶金热力学、传热和热量平衡等原理,同时考虑钢包的热状态,建立出钢至浇注过程中的钢水温度预报模型。通过该模型可以得到不同时刻钢水温度和钢包内衬温度的分布曲线。实例验证结果显示,模型计算值与实测值的平均误差为5.6℃,误差在±8℃以内的占87.5%。另外,运用该模型分析了钢包热状态、出钢过程、传运时间、RH真空室内壁温度等因素对钢水温度的影响规律,可为超低硫钢精炼工艺的优化提供参考。     

Experimental study on sulfur removal from ladle furnace refining slag in hot state by blowing air

In view of the present problem of sulfur enrichment in the metallurgical recycling process of ladle furnace (LF) refining slag, a simple and efficient method of removing sulfur from this slag was proposed. The proposed method is compatible with current steelmaking processes. Sulfur removal from LF refining slag for SPHC steel (manufactured at a certain steel plant in China) by blowing air in the hot state was studied by using hot-state experiments in a laboratory. The FactSage software, a carbon/sulfur analyzer, and scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to test and analyze the sulfur removal effect and to investigate factors influencing sulfur removal rate. The results show that sulfur ions in LF refining slag can be oxidized into SO₂ by O₂ at high temperature by blowing air into molten slag; SO₂ production was observed to reach a maximum with a small amount of blown O₂ when the temperature exceeded 1350℃. At 1370℃ and 1400℃, experimental LF refining slag is in the liquid state and exhibits good fluidity; under these conditions, the sulfur removal effect by blowing air is greater than 90wt% after 60 min. High temperature and large air flow rate are beneficial for removing sulfur from LF refining slag; compared with air flow rate, temperature has a greater strongly influences on the sulfur removal.     

Variation and optimization of acid-dissolved aluminum content in stainless steel

As a key step in secondary refining, the deoxidation process in clean stainless steel production is widely researched by many scholars. In this study, vacuum oxygen decarburization (VOD) deoxidation refining in a 40-t electric arc furnace + VOD + ingot casting process was analyzed and optimized on the basis of Al deoxidation of stainless steel and thermodynamic equilibrium reactions between the slag and steel. Under good stirring conditions in VOD, the deoxidation reaction reaches equilibrium rapidly, and the oxygen activity in the bulk steel is controlled by the slag composition and Al content. A basicity of 3–5 and an Al content greater than 0.015wt% in the melt resulted in an oxygen content less than 0.0006wt%. In addition, the dissolved oxygen content decreased slightly when the Al content in the steel was greater than 0.02wt%. Because of the equilibrium of the Si–O reaction between the slag and steel, the activity of SiO₂ will increase while the Si content increases; thus, the Si content should be lowered to enable the formation of a high-basicity slag. A high-basicity, low-Al₂O₃ slag and an increased Si content will reduce the Al consumption caused by SiO₂ reduction.     

基于神经网络的钢包精炼终点预报

通过改进的BP神经网络,结合炼钢工艺的特点,建立炼钢精炼炉终点模型,对精炼炉终点进行预报,其基本思想是:在对以往的现场数据进行分析和了解及已有的人工神经元网络模型的基础上,结合炼钢的实际工艺特点,确定模型的参数,从而确定预报模型,再根据确定的模型对现场的其他数据进行预报.仿真结果可以表明,应用通过改进的BP神经网络进行炼钢精炼炉终点预报得到了很好的效果.     

Q345钢奥氏体再结晶行为对组织和性能的影响

利用热模拟试验和实验轧机轧制试验,对Q345中厚钢板轧制过程中的奥氏体再结晶行为及应变累积效应等进行研究,讨论分析了再结晶行为对钢板组织和性能的影响规律,确定了奥氏体再结晶区和部分再结晶区道次变形量的控制原则,指出在880～820℃的精轧温度区间内增加待温厚度有利于晶粒细化·研究成果已在首钢中板厂3500mm机组的工业生产中得到实际应用,使钢板的平均组织晶粒度达到10～12级;带状组织降至1 5级以下·     

大孔吸附树脂吸附精制鹰嘴豆异黄酮的研究

建立一种安全、高效、低成本的精制鹰嘴豆异黄酮的方法.以乙醇为提取溶剂从脱脂鹰嘴豆豆粉中提取了异黄酮,经浓缩、醇沉得到异黄酮粗提液.粗提液用6种大孔吸附树脂精制,精制效果表明:XAD-2树脂的精制效果最好,并研究了XAD-2树脂的吸附动力学及吸附热力学.获得了XAD-2树脂在不同温度下对鹰嘴豆异黄酮的吸附等温线,研究了鹰嘴豆异黄酮的动态吸附及洗脱特性.结果表明XAD-2树脂适合用来精制鹰嘴豆异黄酮,最终产品提取率和纯度都较高,分别为67%和21.29%.     

82B硬线钢精炼渣和夹杂物研究

从A12O3活度和夹杂物成分两方面来研究精炼渣对夹杂物的影响．采用Factsage软件对CaO—A1203-SiO3-MgO（8％）-CaF2（8％）炉渣中A1203,活度进行了计算,并研究了碱度和（MgO）含量对A12O3度的影响．当炉渣碱度从1．0增加到2．0时,炉渣中A1203活度随着炉渣碱度的增加而降低;当炉渣碱度从2．0增加到3．8时,A1203活度变化幅度很小;（MgO）质量分数分别为5％和8％的渣,A1203活度差距较小;在碱度高的炉渣中[A1]。容易被从炉渣还原到钢水中．在使用高碱度精炼渣的盘条中发现许多含有MgO的硬性夹杂物,并对此进行了分析,最后得出最适宜的炉渣碱度为2．5—3．0．     

Application of rare-earth element Y in refining impure copper

The effects of rare-earth element Y in refining impure copper were investigated in this paper. The composition, microstructures, and corrosion resistance properties of impure copper before and after refinement with Y were investigated using direct-reading spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The results show that the concentrations of impurities S, As, Sb, Bi, Al, Cd, and Se are remarkably decreased. Adding an appropriate amount of Y refines the microstructure and enhances the corrosion resistance properties of impure copper in HCl solution via a purification effect. The formation enthalpies of compounds formed between Y and various impurity elements were calculated on the basis of Miedema's theory. The thermodynamic mechanisms of the refinement of impure copper by Y were also discussed     

刚地弓形虫RH株感染对BALB／c小鼠情绪行为的影响

目的研究刚地弓形虫RH株感染对BALB／c小鼠学习记忆行为的影响及可能机制。方法将72只周龄、大小相近的雄性BALB／c小鼠采用随机数字表分为生理盐水对照组与不同数量（3×10^3／ml、3×10^4／ml、3×10^5／m1）弓形虫RH株感染组,每组18只。于感染第5周从每组各随机抽取6只分别进行高架十字迷宫实验、旷场实验及强迫游泳实验,观察各组小鼠在实验中情绪行为变化。并记录各项指标进行统计分析。结果在高架迷宫试验与旷场实验中,3×10^3／ml弓形虫感染组小鼠与生理盐水对照组小鼠比较,各项行为学指标无明显差异。在3×10^4／ml、3×10^5／ml弓形虫感染组小鼠与对照组小鼠比较出现明显降低（P〈0．05）．以3×10^5／ml感染组最为明显,其小鼠运动活力（0E＋cE）、进入开放臂次数比例（OE％）、开放臂停留时间比例（OT％）小鼠爬行总格数、中央格在总格数中比例分别为11．08±2．12、28．73±0．59％、25．62±2．33％、32．30±17．26、2．42±0．65％。在强迫游泳试验中,各弓形虫感染组小鼠游泳的静止时间均高于对照组小鼠（P〈0．05）,3×10^5／ml感染组静止时间最长,达226．6±1．9S。结论刚地弓形虫RH株感染可引起小鼠情绪行为改变,具有焦虑抑郁倾向。