New occurrence of Ba-REE fluorcarbonate minerals at Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, North China, and their mineralogical features

Ba-REE fluorcarbonate minerals from a carbonatite dyke at Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, North China, are first reported in this contribution, in which chemical composition, rare earth element (REE) patterns, and intergrowth relationships for these minerals have been investigated. Syntactic intergrowth or syntaxy between cebaite and cordylite, as well as cordylite and huanghoite were observed. This syntactic texture resulted from the variation of chemical composition of crystallizing agents for those minerals that crystallized directly from carbonatite magmas. It is worth noting that REE patterns of the Ba-REE fluorcarbonate minerals in the dyke are similar to those of the corresponding minerals from the ore hosted dolomite marble of the Bayan Obo giant REE-Nb-Fe mineral deposit, which implies their relation in origin.     

黔东南主山冲金矿稀土元素地球化学特征研究

通过对主山冲金矿区的石英脉、蚀变矿石及区域上的远矿围岩和辉绿岩中稀土元素组成的比较,发现蚀变矿石与远矿围岩中的稀土模式基本一致,说明矿区成矿流体的稀土模式保持相对不变,故可用纯净石英脉中稀土的配分模式来代表成矿流体的稀土模式,从而利用稀土配分的示踪作用判断了矿区成矿流体来自深部.同时稀土元素也是热液型金矿成矿物质来源的良好指示剂,通过对石英、远矿围岩和辉绿岩中的稀土进一步比较表明,成矿物质属混合来源.     

Rare earth elements and carbon isotope geochemistry of the Doushantuo Formation in South China: Implication for middle Ediacaran shallow marine redox conditions

The middle Ediacaran Shuram excursion, the largest negative δ 13 C carb excursion in Earth history, has been interpreted as indirect evidence for episodic oxidation and remineralization of deep ocean DOC (dissolved organic carbon). It has been hypothesized that such oxidation event may have occurred when anoxic DOC-laden deep water was brought to shallow shelves during oceanic upwelling, which is expected to cause localized anoxia in shallow environments. To test this prediction, we systematically analyzed rare earth elements (REE) and δ 13 C carb of the upper Doushantuo Formation carbonates in the Yangtze Gorges area of South China, which were deposited in an inner shelf environment and record a large negative δ 13 C carb excursion correlated to the Shuram event. The REE data show a significant positive shift in Ce/Ce* values, synchronous with a pronounced negative δ 13 C carb shift. This positive Ce/Ce* shift is interpreted to represent an oceanic anoxia event in shallow shelf environments, which may have been caused by the upwelling or impingement of oxygen-depleted and 12 C-enriched deep water onto shelves. This anoxia event coincides with a sharp decline in the abundance and diversity of Ediacaran acanthomorphic acritarchs, raising the possibility that these two geobiological events may be causally related.     

现代分析技术在环境研究中的应用

应用高灵敏度、高精确度、无破坏的中子活化分析及透射电镜电子－Ｘ荧光等方法技术,对燃煤在大气中排放的物质成分作跟踪测量,并对它的形态作了检测及研究。对某铜矿在矿产资源开发中造成的环境污染作了调查,并提出了防污染措施。对植物生态环境及脐橙果树各器官中微量元素与土壤肥料的关系等环境保护问题作了讨论。     

阿拉善地区华北板块北部陆缘区成矿作用的研究

本文从构造环境与成矿作用关系的角度，论述了研究区不同构造单元的成矿特征。宗乃山－沙拉扎山岛弧区有利于寻找热液型、矽卡岩型的铁、铜矿床和多金属矿床；查干础鲁－霍尔森边缘海蛇绿混杂带是寻找铬铁矿的有利地带；雅布赖－巴音诺尔公大陆弧区的成矿作用比较复杂，随着构造的演化有铜、镍－铜、铁－钨、锡和萤石等矿化的演变过程。与边缘海洋壳俯冲有关的那仁哈拉韧性剪切带很可能形成原生金矿。     

风化壳中腐植酸与REE形成配合物的模拟研究

研究了风化壳稀土矿的腐植酸及其特点，证实了富里酸与Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｙ在常温常压下，ｐＨ值在４～６．５之间形成配合物的可能性．根据荧光光谱和红外光谱研究，探讨了自然界中风化条件下富里酸与稀土元素之间的化学行为及在风化壳稀土矿形成过程中腐植酸的作用．     

Discovery of Sr-bearing and LREE daughter minerals in fluid inclusions of Maoniuping REE deposit, Sichuan Province

Maoniuping rare earth element (REE) deposit, located in Mianning area of Sichuan Province, is of unique geological characteristics and is large in scale. Some studies have shown that there are large amounts of multi phase fluid inclusions in fluorite, quartz and calcite. Besides the daughter minerals of halite, barite and gypsum, Sr bearing minerals (celestite, strontianite), apatite and eight light rare earth element (LREE) minerals have been found by scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometer techniques. The abundant occurrence of these daughter minerals shows that the ore-forming fluid is rich in Sr, Ba and LREE contents, and is related to nordmarkite in genesis.     

Two kinds of silicalites in Mount Ailao belt, Yunnan Province

Two kinds of radiolarian silicalites at the bottom and top of the ophiolite in the Mount (Mt.) Ailao belt, Yunnan Province, are dealt with in this work in terms of geology, micro-paleontology, isotope and REE. The first kind of silicalite was defined as the turbidite formation. In this category, the radiolarian species lived in the Late Devonian (D3). The corresponding ecologic assemblage, composed of δ 30Si (0.4‰-0.5‰, average 0.03‰), δ Ce (0.77- 0.97, average 0.85) and LaN /YbN (0.77-1.06, average 0.96) of silicalite, shows that it occurred in the abyssal environment. The second kind of silicalite was defined as the mud-siliceous formation. Contacting conformably with the basalt of the ophiolite suit, the radiolarian silicalite at the top of ophiolite was in the category of the component units of the ophiolite in the Mt. Ailao belt. In this category, the radiolarian species lived in the Early Carboniferous (C1-). The corresponding ecologic assemblage, composed of d 30Si (0.2‰-1.3‰, averaging 0.7‰), dδCe (0.88- 0.92, averaging 0.90) and LaN /YbN (0.77-1.45, averaging 1.22), of silicalites indicate that it occurred in the bathyal environment. All these facts domonstrate that the Mt. Ailao must have been a small ocean basin at that time.     

与碳酸岩-碱性杂岩体相关的内生稀土矿床成矿作用研究进展

综述与碳酸岩?碱性杂岩体相关的内生稀土矿床的基本特征和成矿作用研究进展。根据矿化特征, 该类矿床大体可以分为原生岩浆型和热液型, 前者稀土矿物是从碳酸岩岩浆中直接结晶出来, 矿化主要产于碳酸岩岩体中; 后者稀土矿物通常与方解石、萤石、重晶石、石英等矿物共生形成脉体, 穿插于碳酸岩杂岩体及围岩中, 或作为裂隙或空洞充填物, 或呈细粒多晶集合体叠加在碳酸岩中早期形成的矿物之上。以往的研究对于稀土富集成矿的主要机制是碳酸岩和硅酸岩岩浆的液态不混溶作用或碳酸岩岩浆中碳酸盐矿物的分离结晶作用, 还是岩浆期后热液蚀变或不混溶的碳酸岩质流体的萃取作用, 存在很大的争议; 同时,与稀土成矿相关的碳酸盐体系选择性地富集轻稀土, 该类矿床中很少见到重稀土矿物, 亦是有待解决的问题。因此, 加强稀土元素在富挥发份的碳酸岩熔体和碱性硅酸岩熔体或流体之间, 以及碳酸盐矿物及共沉淀相与碳酸岩熔体之间分配行为的高温高压实验研究, 将是揭示该类稀土矿床成因的关键。     

内蒙古朝泥呼都格钼矿床稀土元素地球化学特征

内蒙古朝泥呼都格钼矿床受构造和岩体的控制明显,围岩蚀变强烈。本文通过对该矿床的稀土元素地球化学研究,显示该矿床稀土总量富集,轻、重稀土元素分异强烈,轻稀土分馏程度强于重稀土,铕具负异常,铈无明显异常。本矿床成岩、成矿物质主要来自壳幔混合的岩浆体。初步推测该矿床为斑岩型钼矿床。