简并二能级系统中的正负色散(英文)

通过解光学布洛赫方程,考察了简并二能级系统的吸收色散性质。采用一束平行线偏振光(π)泵浦和一束横向线偏振光(σ±)探测,在有磁场的情况下简并被破坏,改变耦合光强时发现了失谐零点正负色散之间的转化,这样我们就得到了慢光速与超光速之间的转变。在其它泵探光场偏振情况下同样有正负色散变化,它普遍存在于简并能级系统中。同时我们还发现了吸收谱中的电磁诱导透明、电磁诱导吸收、Mollow吸收谱型等现象。     

增益自适应神经元控制及其在纸张定量控制中的应用

针对不确定时滞系统,提出了一种新的神经元控制方法。采用遗传算法对神经元增益在线自适应调整,而遗传算法使用了递增式算法,在每个时间间隔内都有一个稳定的增益值输出,并递增地向最优方向发展。克服了遗传算法收敛慢和每个采样周期输出的随机性。并对造纸过程中的纸张定量控制系统进行了仿真实验研究,仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基底神经节的尖峰神经元网络模型及其在机器人中的应用

为提高机器人智能,建立了基底神经节行为选择的尖峰神经元网络模型,并通过仿真实验验证了其选择性能。将该行为选择模型嵌入基于行为的机器人控制体系结构中,并用来控制实际机器人。实验结果证实了在基底神经节行为选择模块的作用下,机器人能够选择执行正确的行为。     

The operational framework for quantum theories is both epistemologically and ontologically neutral

Operational frameworks are very useful to study the foundations of quantum mechanics, and are sometimes used to promote antirealist attitudes towards the theory. The aim of this paper is to review three arguments aiming at defending an antirealist reading of quantum physics based on various developments of standard quantum mechanics appealing to notions such as quantum information, non-causal correlations and indefinite causal orders. Those arguments will be discussed in order to show that they are not convincing. Instead, it is argued that there is conceptually no argument that could favour realist or antirealist attitudes towards quantum mechanics based solely on some features of some formalism. In particular, both realist and antirealist views are well accomodable within operational formulations of the theory. The reason for this is that the realist/antirealist debate is located at a purely epistemic level, which is not engaged by formal aspects of theories. As such, operational formulations of quantum mechanics are epistmologically and ontologically neutral. This discussion aims at clarifying the limits of the historical and methodological affinities between scientific antirealism and operational physics while engaging with recent discoveries in quantum foundations. It also aims at presenting various realist strategies to account for those developments.     

How many properties of spin does a particle have?

A common assumption in non-relativistic quantum mechanics is that self-adjoint operators mathematically represent properties of quantum systems. Focusing on spin, we argue that a natural view considers observables as determinable properties and their eigenvalues as their corresponding determinates. We provide a taxonomy of the different views that one can hold, once it is accepted that spin can be modelled with the determinable-determinate relation. In particular, we present the two main families of views, dubbed Spin Monism and Pluralism, and we show that the current literature does not take a stance between the two. Then we put forward two arguments in favour of the former. Finally, we present a new account of Spin Monism, that is absent in current literature; such a view is worth discussing, or so we contend, because several compelling considerations support it, and it opens new ways of thinking about the ontology of quantum mechanics.     

量子力学中的客观实在图景

本文讨论了量子力学中的两个基本问题：实在与意识的关系问题和波函数及其它一些原理的统计解释问题，我们坚持彻底的唯物主义认识路线和彻底的统计系综解释，力图从哲学上解决量子力学历史中的基本争论，如波函数和测不准关系的统计解释问题，电子的自由意志问题，从而消除某些神秘色彩。