南海深海盆的沉积充填

依据大洋钻探井及地震剖面资料,定量确定南海同扩张期和后扩张期深海盆沉积充填差异及沉积物来源变化。研究显示,南海深海盆自渐新世(32 Ma)开始形成,随着南海二次扩张海盆范围逐渐扩大,海盆内主要充填火山碎屑角砾岩及火山灰,碳酸盐岩、超微化石软泥,泥质粘土、粉砂质粘土、泥岩及粉细砂岩。深海盆充填主要沉积物为晚中新世(11.6Ma)以来的陆源碎屑沉积,丰富陆源碎屑的供给与南海闭合过程中同期区域构造事件(如青藏高原快速隆升、菲律宾板块俯冲)密切相关,也与晚中新世以来东亚季风增强以及源区强烈的风化剥蚀有关。     

遥感与水动力模型相结合的宽大潮滩历史地形反演

潮滩作为陆海交互区,面积宽广,测量困难,历史地形资料缺失,已经严重影响到潮滩的开发利用。以辐射沙脊群潮滩为实验区,利用1987年前后的TM、MSS影像提取不同潮情下的系列水边线,运用Mike21水动力模型模拟遥感图像对应时刻下的瞬时海面高度,为水边线赋值,进而通过地形反复迭代得到数字高程模型。结果表明,在辐射沙脊群潮滩区,水边线法获取的地形结果与海图上测点的相关性较高,决定系数R~2达0.864,绝对平均误差0.37 m,均方根误差0.41 m,地形结果可用于进一步的潮滩地貌演变分析。     

海堤渗压神经网络分布模型的建立及规律分析

为有效揭示海堤渗压的分布特征,掌握其在临海工作环境下的特殊规律,在利用神经网络建模优点的同时,采用多测点渗压监控信息,并将测点坐标因素加入到输入层,综合前期潮位因子、积分型降雨因子、时效因子,形成海堤渗压神经网络安全监控分布模型结构,以实测信息进行建模训练计算;在获得合理训练结果基础上,根据输入层因子补充插入坐标样本,获得不同位置的渗压模型值及渗压分布曲线.文中以广义回归神经网络为例,结合浦东海堤实测资料,以实例说明以上述方法在神经网络不提供显式的情况下,建立可获得分布曲线的监控模型,并以此对海堤渗压分布规律特色加以分析.     

特殊地理形态下的胶东传统民居——以烟台养马岛古村落为例

民居的形成和发展受到很多因素的制约,如自然因素、社会文化因素、经济因素和技术因素等.其中对于一些特殊地理形态下的民居,自然因素的影响就更为明显,以烟台养马岛为例,通过对胶东传统民居在山、海、岛的特殊地理形态下所形成的独具一格的建筑形态的描述,从"山地"、"滨海"、"岛居"3个方面分析自然环境对于民居形成与发展的重要影响...     

Simulation of sea surface temperature changes in the Middle Pliocene warm period and comparison with reconstructions

The Middle Pliocene (ca 3.12–2.97 Ma) is a recent warm period in the Earth’s history. In many respects, the warmth of the Middle Pliocene is similar to the probable warm situation of the late 21st century predicted by climate models. Understanding the Middle Pliocene climate is important in predicting the future climate with global warming. Here, we used the latest reconstructions for the Middle Pliocene—Pliocene Research Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) version 3—to simulate the Middle Pliocene ...     

软土地基下11m高沉井施工技术

给排水工程中，对埋深较大而横截面尺寸相对不大的构筑物，采用大开槽施工将会造成占地面积大、土方量多等弊病，有时还受到施工场地限制。为此，常采用沉井法施工。沉井法适用于高地下水位、土质松软、流砂地段以及现场狭窄地段修建深埋构筑物。本文中沉井体积大，故采取先开挖再采用砂垫层很上铺承垫木扩大刃脚的施工技术。     

Sea surface temperature records of core ZY2 from the central mud area in the South Yellow Sea during last 6200 years and related effect of the Yellow Sea Warm Current

Sea surface temperature (SST) records in the South Yellow Sea during the last 6200 years are reconstructed by the unsaturation index of long-chain alkenones (K 37 U ’) in sediment core ZY2 from the central mud area.The SST records varied between 14.1 and 16.5°C (15.6°C on average),with 3 phases:(1) A high SST phase at 6.2-5.9 cal ka BP;(2) A low and intensely fluctuating SST phase at 5.9-2.3 cal ka BP;and (3) A high and stable SST phase since 2.3 cal ka BP.Variation of the SST records is similar to intensity of the Kuroshio Current (KC),and corresponds well in time to global cold climate events.However,the amplitude of the SST response to cooling events was significantly different in different phases.The SST response to global cooling event was weak while the KC was strong;and the SST response was strong while the KC was weak.The difference in amplitude of the SST response is possibly caused by the modulation effect of the Yellow Sea Warm Current which acts as a shelf branch of the KC and a compensating current induced by the East Asia winter monsoon.The warm waters brought by the Yellow Sea Warm Current cushion the SST decrease induced by climate cooling,and both the Kuroshio and East Asian winter monsoon play important roles in the modulation mechanism.The SST records display a periodicity of 1482 years.The same period was found in the KC records,indicating that variation of the SST records in the central South Yellow Sea is strongly affected by KC intensity.The same period was also found in Greenland ice cores and North Atlantic and Arabian Sea sediment cores,showing a regional response of marine environmental variability in the East China Seas to that in the global oceans.     

工业废渣对海泥烧结砖泛霜程度影响的试验

研究两种不同特性工业废渣铁尾矿、粉煤灰对海泥烧结多孔砖样品泛霜程度的影响及机理.结果表明:铁尾矿减轻海泥烧结砖泛霜程度的有利因素多,粉煤灰提高海泥烧结砖泛霜程度的不利因素多.此外,掺加外加剂可以在某种程度上降低海泥烧结砖的泛霜等级;当掺量达到某一范围时,能够较大幅度减少砖坯成型用水量,烧成中产生液相的非瘠性工业废渣-铁...     

Sea surface temperature east of Australia： A predictor of tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific？

The relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) east of Australia and tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNPTCF) is analyzed by use of observation data.The WNPTCF from June to October is correlated negatively to spring SST east of Australia.When the spring SST is in the positive phase,a cyclonic circulation anomaly in the upper troposphere and an anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the lower troposphere prevail over the western North Pacific from June to October,concurrent with an anomalous atmospheric subsidence and an enlarged vertical zonal wind shear.These conditions are unfavorable for tropical cyclone genesis,and thus WNPTCF decreases.The negative phase of the spring SST east of Australia leads to more tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific.The spring SST east of Australia may give rise to simultaneous change in tropical atmospheric circulation via the teleconnection wave train,and then subsequently affect atmospheric circulation variation over the western North Pacific.     

时变海场景双基SAR回波实时模拟方法研究

基于时变海场景双站散射机理,结合双基合成孔径雷达(SAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)成像几何模型,提出了一种时变海场景双基SAR射频回波信号实时模拟方法。针对时变海场景的复杂耦合散射,采用多径近似理论建立了双基SAR海面目标回波信号模型,提取了时变海面双基SAR系统响应函数,结合高性能计算技术、同步动态随机存取(SDRAM)技术以及全系统交换设计,实现了时变海场景双基SAR射频回波信号实时模拟,最后仿真测试结果验证了该方法的有效性。