The Influence of Modifications of Latch Needle on Impact Forces Between Cam and Needle

On the basis of a mechanical model, cam-to-needle impact force during weft knitting is analyzed and some needle parameters related to the peak impact forces are presented. An experimental method is built to measure dynamic parameters of needle. Contrast tests of impact forces with different needles show that needle modifications Influence apparently needle parameters and peak impact forces.     

Force modeling for needle insertion into soft tissue based on mechanical properties and geometric parameters

The force model during needle insertion into soft tissue is important for accurate percutaneous intervention.In this paper,a force model for needle insertion into a tissue-equivalent material is presented and a series of experiments are conducted to acquire data from needle soft-tissue interaction process.In order to build a more accurate insertion force model,the interaction force between a surgical needle and soft tissue is divided into three parts：stiffness force,friction force,and cutting force.The stiffness force is modeled on the basis of contact mechanics model.The friction force model is presented using a modified Winkler＇s foundation model.The cutting force is viewed as a constant depending on a given tissue.The proposed models in the paper are established on the basis of the mechanical properties and geometric parameters of the needle and soft tissue.The experimental results illustrate that the force models are capable of predicting the needle-tissue interaction force.The force models of needle insertion can provide real-time haptic feedback for robot-assisted procedures,thereby improving the accuracy and safety of surgery.     

湿地松、火炬松种源抗褐斑病试验和抗病优树选择

<正>用人工接种的方法比较国内的八个湿地松种源对松针褐斑病的感病性的结果表明,不同湿地松种源间感病性有差别,但没有达到可以利用它们进行病害防治的程度。自然感染的美国七个湿地松种源和十个火炬松种源也都表现高度感病。湿地松,黑松和火炬松是高度感病的树种,短叶松、长叶松和沙松感病中等,马尾松是高度抗病的。在松针褐斑病流行的湿地松幼林中选择了47株抗病优树,用自然感染法对各优树无性系的感病性测定表明,约有1/2的优树无性系是高度抗病的。     

无箱摇臂式针刺机设计分析

目前,国内很多企业已开始研发无箱摇臂式针刺机,无箱摇臂式针刺机可以达到更高的针刺频率,可靠性也有很大提高。本文介绍了无箱摇臂式针刺机主传动机构和双摇臂导向机构,并对设计中容易出现的平衡、振动、定量给油润滑等问题进行分析与解决。     

云南松松针中莽草酸的含量测定

目的:建立HPLC法测定云南松松针中莽草酸含量的方法.方法:采用Phenomenex Gemi-ni-NX 5μC18110A(4.6mm×250mm)色谱柱,以甲醇∶1%磷酸水溶液(15∶85)为流动相,检测波长215nm,流速1mL/min,柱温为30℃.结果:莽草酸进样量在0.101 2～2.024μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 7),样品的平均回收率为99.76%,RSD为0.89%(n=9).结论:本法操作简便、快速、分离效果好、稳定性高、重现性好,可用于松针中莽草酸的含量测定.     

元宝山中山针阔叶混交林林窗特征及更新研究

元宝山中山针阔叶混交林以小林窗居多,林冠林窗中面积5~30m2的林窗所占面积比为39.3%,扩展林窗中面积50~100m2的林窗所占面积比达51.8%。林窗形成方式以折干和根拔倒为主,分别占形成木总数的50.0%和31.3%,冬季积雪积冰和强劲的风力是林窗形成的主要外部驱动力。林窗形成木的种类主要是包果石栎(Lithocarpus cleistocarpus)、褐叶青冈(Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana)、南方红豆杉(Taxus wallichianavar.mairei)、马蹄参(Diplopanax stachyanthus)等树种。林窗内的幼苗密度高于林冠下。乔木上层优势树种的幼苗更新情况各异,元宝山冷杉幼苗在林窗和林冠下都更新良好,南方红豆杉林窗更新较为显著,南方铁杉表现为较明显的林冠下更新。     

北京市三环沿线油松叶片重金属的累积特征、季节变化和来源解析

城市绿化植物松树能够净化城市空气和土壤重金属污染,常被作为监测城市环境质量的指示植物。分别在2009年6月、2009年9月、2009年12月和2010年3月在北京市三环沿线采集油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)松针样品,进行重金属分析,并采用主成分分析对重金属的来源进行解析。结果发现,三环地区油松样品中存在重金属Pb、Cd和Hg污染,且具明显季节变化,冬季污染最严重。源解析结果表明冬季和秋季时,植物中重金属污染源主要为土壤源、交通源和燃烧源,其源贡献率约占40%、20%和20%。春季和夏季时,植物中重金属污染源主要为土壤源和交通源,其源贡献率约占40%和20%。     

虚拟手术中缝合仿真的初步研究

初步实现了一个虚拟缝合仿真系统,可以模拟针穿刺柔性体并牵引所附缝合线穿过柔性体的过程。用户通过Phantom Desktop力反馈设备控制虚拟针的运动。柔性体在针和缝合线的作用下会发生变形。缝合线使用非均匀可变长刚性杆模型和FTL(Follow the Leader)变形算法。柔性体使用线弹性材料和Tensor-Mass变形算法。针穿刺柔性体时柔性体对针运动的阻力传给力反馈设备,而其反作用力则施加于柔性体之上。缝合线在针的牵引下穿过柔性体形成滑动约束点。缝合线的变形将在滑动约束点产生弹性力作用于柔性体之上,而柔性体的变形则反过来影响滑动约束点的位置。将约束点对应的缝合线顶点编号增加和约束点两侧刚性杆长度调整相结合,实现了缝合线光滑穿过柔性体的效果。最后给出对含有切口形状的柔性体模型进行缝合仿真的实验结果,并讨论未来的改进和发展方向。     

Micro/nano needles for advanced drug delivery

Along with the boost of drugs’ exploitation, drug delivery has been a common concern among researchers and patients. As an emerging strategy, the micro- and nano-needle (MNN) is a single or an array of micro/nanoneedles, and promises to be a robust technology for efficient, noninvasive and convenient drug delivery. Compared with the conventional injection, MNN can pierce the bio-membranes to transfer cargos without any damage of tissue or nerves. And regarding the topical drug release, MNN is more efficient than oral administration and topical cream. More specifically, microneedle, a powerful technique, has been widely applied in different diseases such as diabetes, anti-obesity and contraception through skin and ocular surface. Correspondingly, many novel microneedles and optimization methods have been developed recently to improve the drug delivery efficacy. Nanoneedle, much smaller than microneedle, can minimize the skin damages caused by the repeated use of microneedles. Nanoneedles with nanoscaled size are usually used to penetrate the cell membrane. And recently many stimulus-aided methods like electrical and magnetic force have been invented to deepen penetration and improve transfer effects. The aim of this review is to introduce the recent advances of MNN-based drug delivery, including their types, application locations and diseases, optimization of delivery strategies and future development prospects.     

外用溃疡散治疗宫颈纳氏囊肿的疗效观察

目的：观察外用溃疡散治疗宫颈纳氏囊肿的临床效果.方法：选择宫颈纳氏囊肿患者140例,随机分治疗组70例,采用应用注射器针头配合蒙药外用溃疡散治疗1~3个疗程,对照组70例采用应用注射器针头配合修正消糜栓治疗1~3个疗程,观察其疗效.结果：治疗组70例,治愈54例,好转11例,无效5例,有效率92.86%;对照组70例,治愈49例,好转8例,无效13例,有效率81.43%.结论：注射器针头配合蒙药外用溃疡散治疗宫颈纳氏囊肿疗效显著,无明显的不良反应,是目前治疗宫颈纳氏囊肿的一个新的有效的治疗方法.