青枯菌胞外多糖和酶对花生细胞POD及CYT的影响

用野生型青枯菌(fy7)及其胞外多糖缺失型(APT)和胞外蛋白缺失型(DF7)分别作用于青枯菌易感花生品种鄂花4号和抗性品种中花2号的悬浮培养细胞,等电聚焦分析处理后的花生细胞的过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(FAST)和细胞色素氧化酶(CYT)的变化．与对照组相比,fy7诱导12h时鄂花4号的3种酶都有变化,24h时只有中花2号有新POD带出现．APT诱导12h时只有FAST有变化,24h时POD和cYT均有较显著变化．DP7诱导12h时只有FAST有变化,24h时只有抗性细胞有新POD带出现．     

Pseudomonas brassicacearum的数量分布差异及生物防治小麦全蚀病和油菜根腐病

通过3种PCR技术测定基因特征和测定3种生化特征,对来自南澳洲两块对比小麦田土壤中的Pseudomonas brassicacearum种群的菌株进行了分析研究.结果显示,两种不同土壤和两种不同根部区域(根表和根际),该种群具有高度多样性,其基因型和基因组也具有显著差异(P<0.05).所分离到的菌株中,四分之三具有独特的基因组,90%以上的基因组是其原种群所独具有的.所有菌株的基因组的平均同源性比较低(22%),聚类分析不能证明来自不同小麦田和不同根部区域的菌株具有亲缘性.聚类分析显示,种群内的基因流动是受到限制的,菌株基因组的差异是由于基因的随机漂流引起的,由根表得到的基因型是与所采集的对比土壤相关联的.有三分之一的菌株检测到了2,4-二乙酰基均苯三酚(PhlD)生物合成基因,这些菌株形成了一相关联的组群(同源性为60%).4株产生PhlD的菌株(两种野生型,表型不同)对小麦全蚀病和腐霉引起的油菜根腐病具有显著的防治效果,展现出了对这类病原菌引起的根部病害的防治潜能.     

The secretion of lecithinase of Pseudomonas alcaligenes S2 was via type Ⅱ secretion pathway

Strain S2 is a lecithin （or phosphatidylcholine）- solubilizing bacterium, which was isolated from the rice rhizosphere in rural areas of Beijing, China. On the basis of a polyphasic study involving phenotypic tests, physiological and biochemical tests, 16S rDNA sequence analysis, G＋C content determination and DNA-DNA hybridizations analysis, strain S2 was identified as Pseudomonas alcaligenes. R alcaligenes S2 was mutagenized with Tn5 and four mutants showing decreased or increased solubilizing ability of lecithin were isolated based on the halo size around colonies on the solid plate supplemented with egg yolk. To characterize the genes of R alcaligenes S2 involved in solubilization of lecithin, the EcoR I fragments of the chromosomes from the four mutant strains carrying a single transposon were cloned, and the DNA sequences flanking the Tn5 were determined. The Tn5 insertion sites in the mutants M808, M1329 and M1400, showing decreased solubilizing ability of lecithin, were found to be located in the xcpS, xcpX and xcpW , respectively, whose products XcpS, XcpX and XcpW were the components of type Ⅱ secretion pathway. Complementation of xcpS, xcpX and xcpW could restore the corresponding mutants M808, M1329 and M1400 to solubilize lecithin. The data suggested that mutation in one of these xcp genes would lead to the absence of mature lecithinase secretion into the extracellular medium. The data also indicated that the secretion of lecithin-hydrolyzing enzyme of R alcaligenes was via type Ⅱ secretion pathway. In the mutant M20 showing increasing lecithin-hydrolyzing activity, the interrupted gene showed 86% identity with chpA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, whose product plays an important role in controlling twitching motility of the bacterial ceils.     

荧光假单胞菌株SE-6产铁载体的发酵条件

在摇瓶发酵条件下，研究了荧光假单胞菌SE-6在各种培养条件下的铁载体分泌量，确定了适合铁载体分泌的最佳培养条件：起始pH6．5，装瓶量200／500（mL），接种量2％，最佳培养时间为46h左右，Fe^3＋浓度为0．8mg／L．在此条件下，铁载体在发酵液中含量最高，为大规模的发酵提供了有价值的数据．     

假单胞菌80-B假溶因子和乳化因子的分离及其性质的研究

解烃假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp.）80－B在以十六烷为碳源培养时，其无细胞培养液中可检测到对十六烷的假溶活性和乳化活性。经分离提取得到假溶因子和乳化因子，其产量分别为0．33g/L和0．2g/L。经分析证明其化学本质分别为糖蛋白和脂蛋白，分子量分别约为14400和20100。并探讨了温度和钙离子浓度对假溶活性和乳化活性的影响。     

Biosynthesis Pathway Related Production of Medium Chain Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates

IntroductionPolyhydroxyalkanoates,abbreviated as PHA,is afamily of intracellular biopolymers synthesized bymany bacteria as carbon and energy storagecompounds[1,2 ] . Attempts have been made toproduce PHA for biodegradable packaging[3 5] .Various bacterial strains have different PHAbiosynthesis pathways. Gern et al,studying thebiosynthesis pathway of Pseudomonasputida using13C nuclear magnetic resonance,concluded that thestrain synthesized PHA via the de novo fatty acidsynthesis pathway …     

桔黄假单胞菌JD37对玉米、小麦的防病促生作用

从上海市郊农作物根际土壤中筛选到一株桔黄假单胞菌,命名为JD37,其对多种植物病原菌具有较强的拮抗作用.玉米幼苗的盆栽试验表明JD37能够显著促进玉米幼苗的生长.通过对玉米小斑病原菌和小麦赤霉病原菌的拮抗实验发现:其对两种病原菌具有较强的拮抗作用,形成的抑菌圈直径分别为39.6 mm、29.3 mm,同时推测该菌的代谢产物中可能含有抑菌活性物质.玉米、小麦的生防实验表明JD37菌具有较强的防病作用,生防效果分别达到43.63%、29.57%.本试验旨为开发JD37菌剂提供理论依据.     

Isolation of plant growth regulators fromPseudomonas amygdali

Summary Trans-zeatin and indole-3-acetic acid were isolated, as the main components of the cytokinin and indole mixtures respectively from culture filtrates ofPseudomonas amygdali, the causal agent of hyperplastic bacterial canker of almond.     

海藻酸钙-活性炭固定化好氧反硝化施氏假单胞菌生物脱NO3--N的研究

以采自温州西片污水处理厂曝气池的活性污泥样品中分离获得的好氧反硝化施氏假单胞菌（Pseudomonas stutzeri）WZUF25研究对象,分析其在最适宜条件下在人工NO3--N污水中菌体生长和去除NO3--N进程及反硝化占总氮去除率;采用海藻酸钙-活性炭包埋法固定Pseudomonas stutzeri WZUF25,研究固定化细胞在最适宜条件下去除NO3--N进程和完整性。研究得出：Pseudomonas stutzeri WZUF25的脱 NO3--N 能力明显比目前报道的好氧反硝化菌强,其海藻酸钙-活性炭固定化细胞去除人工 NO3--N污水的过程中,固定化胶珠是完整的。     

一株苯胺蓝降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解特性

从河水中驯化、筛选、分离得到一株对染料苯胺蓝有降解能力的菌株WZR-B,该菌能以苯胺蓝为唯一碳源、能源生长.通过对菌株WZR-B的形态特征、生理生化,以及16Sr DNA序列分析,初步鉴定为铜绿假单孢菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa).研究苯胺蓝的质量浓度、pH值和温度等因素对该菌株生长,以及对降解苯胺蓝的影响.结果表明,菌株生长和脱色的最适pH值为6.5,最适合温度为30℃,苯胺蓝的最适脱色质量浓度为200 mg·L-1.此外,总有机碳(TOC)残留量测定结果表明,该菌株对苯胺蓝的脱色率可达83%,TOC去除率为80%以上,不仅能对苯胺蓝脱色,而且还能进行矿化降解.