Overexpression of rice OsLOL2 gene confers disease resistance in tobacco to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tabaci

LSD1-related proteins of Arabidopsis with LSD1-like zinc finger domains regulate disease resistance and programmed cell death(PCD). We cloned a rice OsLOL2 gene, orthologous to LSDI of Arabidopsis and expressed it in a tobacco plant. Transgenic tobacco lines displayed enhanced disease resistance to a virulent bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci (Pst). RT-PCR analysis showed that overexpression of OsLOL2 in transgenic tobacco lines resulted in upregulation of two pathogenesis-related (PR) protein genes, PR2 and PR5. Our results suggest that overexpression of OsLOL2 in transgenic tobacco enhances the resistance through the induction of PR pro-teins and hypersensitive response-like reaction.     

两种抗菌药物磁处理后提高效能的实验研究

本研究发现，将硫酸庆大霉素，硫酸丁胺卡那霉素在两种抗菌药物，经不同磁感应强度，不同时间处理后，可使绿脓杆菌的抑制直径有不同程度的增加，其结果表明，磁场处理能提高抗菌药物的疗效，对解决细菌耐药性问题有一定的参考价值，本文并对抗菌药物磁处理后提高效能的机理作了初步探讨。     

A novel salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase-NahV involved in catabolism of naphthalene from Pseudomonas putida ND6

A novel salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase involved in catabolism of naphthalene from Pseudomonas putida ND6, NahV, has been identified. NahV exhibited lower identity in amino acid sequence with the classic salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase, NahF, from P. putida ND6. This is the first report of an isofunctional enzyme of bacterial salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase. Comparison of Km and Vmax values of NahV and NahF demonstrated that NahF has a more efficient catalytic reaction than NahV, while NahV has much higher affinity for salicylaldehyde and NAD . Both enzymes exhibited broad substrate speci- ficities and catalyzed the oxidation of salicylaldehyde, 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde, formaldehyde, m-nitrobenzaldehyde, o-nitrobenzaldehyde, o-methoxybenxaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, caprylic aldehyde, and glyoxal. However, the relative rates at which the substituted analogs are transformed differ considerably. NahV activity could be enhanced by Fe2 , Cu2 and Zn2 ; whereas NahF activity could only be stimulated by Fe2 . NahF is more stable than NahV at elevated temperatures. Dot-blot hybridization analyses showed that nahF-like genes occurred in all naphthalene-degradation bacteria isolated in this study, whereas nahV-like genes were present in only some naphthalene-degrading bacteria.     

烧伤病房感染患者铜绿假单胞菌的分离及耐药性分析

目的 了解烧伤病房感染患者铜绿假单胞菌耐药谱的变化,为防治烧伤病区患者感染铜绿假单胞菌提供合理用药依据.方法 常规方法收集同一时间烧伤病房9名感染患者的患部浓汁和血液标本,分离鉴定出9株铜绿假单胞菌,K-B法进行药敏试验及统计学分析.结果 9株铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林、哌拉西林、亚胺培南/西司他丁、头孢他啶、氨曲南、阿米卡星、复方磺胺等11种抗菌药物耐药率均为100%.结论 烧伤病房感染患者铜绿假单胞菌耐药现象严重,应注意铜绿假单胞菌耐药性的监测.     

荧光假单胞菌株M18防治甜瓜蔓枯病害

荧光假单胞菌株M18在离体条件下,能有效抑制甜瓜蔓枯病菌的菌丝生长。经甜瓜蔓枯病菌的苗期接种试验。M18的菌悬液（10^8CFU/mL)对甜瓜蔓枯病的防治效果达到80％左右。在苗期接种抗性诱导试验中,发现荧光假单胞菌株M18还具有诱导甜瓜幼苗产生系统性抗甜瓜蔓枯病菌感染的能力。从M18培养液中,提取并纯化了抗生物质吩嗪－1－羧酸（PCA）,该物质对甜瓜蔓枯病菌具有强力抑菌作用,EC50值仅为3.24μg/mL。在大田试验中,M18可以保持80％的防治效果,显著提高甜瓜产量,并且还发现在蔓枯病发病初期,M18具有良好的治病作用。     

降解除草剂阿特拉津的细菌聚生体的分离和鉴定

将阿特拉津降解速度快但降解不完全的混合菌群与阿特拉津降解完全但降解速度慢的Pseudomonas sp.ADP菌株混合,经过长期驯化培养,筛选到一个能完全降解阿特拉津而且降解速度快的细菌聚生体(bacterial consortium).聚生体含有两个菌株,其中一个菌株来自混合菌群,命名为AD25,另一个是ADP的突变株,命名为Pseudomonas sp.ADP-V.通过16S rRNA基因测序,AD25被鉴定为节杆菌(Arthrobacter sp.).PCR分析和降解实验表明,AD25含有trzN-atzBC基因,能将阿特拉津降解成氰尿酸;ADP-V含有atzDEF基因,是ADP菌株丢失atzABC基因以后的衍生菌,能使氰尿酸进一步降解.由AD25和ADP-V组成的细菌聚生体能快速和完全降解阿特拉津.ADP-V的atzD基因表达和酶动力学实验表明,由于它编码的氰尿酸水解酶(AtzD)的339位蛋氨酸(Met)突变为苏氨酸(Thr),导致酶活力降低从而引起在生长培养基中出现少量氰尿酸积累.     

溴氰菊酯降解菌Pseudomonas sp.P1-1-B3产酶条件的优化

农药降解酶对去除农药残留污染具有良好的应用前景.从海洋沉积物中筛选到一株高产溴氰菊酯降解酶的菌株Pseudomonas sp.P1-1-B3,研究了碳源、氮源、pH值、培养温度、培养时间、接种量及溴氰菊酯对菌株产酶的影响.结果表明,降解菌产酶的最适条件为:以可溶性淀粉作为碳源,m(蛋白胨):m(酵母浸膏)=2:1为氮源,pH 7.5,温度30℃,培养时间2 d,接种量3%,溴氰菊酯含量15μmol/L.在此条件下,菌株产酶的比活力最大为113.3 U/mg.该降解酶对溴氰菊酯的降解,在12 h内降解率达54.6%.     

氰污染环境中细菌质粒的研究

三大氰污染环境中所分离得到的６６株有代表性的优势菌进行了质粒检测和一些带质粒菌的分类学研究。结果为：所选择的三大氰污染样区的细菌质粒检出率均高于非污染样区，且假单胞菌在氰污染中占绝对优势。选择了高效降氰菌株Ｎ４０进行质粒消除的研究，结果表明所得到的高效降氰菌株Ｎ４０的质粒较难被吖啶橙的ＳＤＳ消除。     

一株新的菲降解菌株及外来碳源对其降解特性的影响

报道了一株新的菲降解菌株-门多萨假单孢菌（CGMCC1.766）的筛选，并研究了其菲降解和降解过程中关键酶的动态变化。在菲浓度为100mg/L的培养体系中，添加水杨酸（诱导物）可提高菲的降解速率，而葡萄糖（碳源）的存在则使降解速率降低。