间作苜蓿对毛白杨纸浆林生长和地力的影响

在宽窄行(2m×1.5 m+8m)栽植模式下,分析了间作紫花苜蓿(M1)对三倍体毛白杨纸浆林生长和地力的影响.结果表明:间作紫花苜蓿4a后,纸浆林林木平均胸径、树高、单株材积与林分蓄积总生长量较间作棉花、小麦宽窄行栽植模式(M2)增长了6.04％、2.53％、13.33％与12.07％,较传统纸浆林栽植模式(M3)增长了28.18％、26.47％、70.00％与10.27％；M1、M2、M3处理下,0～60 cm各土层有机质、全氮、碱解氮含量与间作前相比都有不同程度的提高,而3种模式之间比较,M1、M2土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾含量高于M3；在比较经济效益后发现,M1模式4 a的总净收入最高,达到78 043.56元/hm2,较M2、M3分别提高了3.97％和38.73％.因此,可以在相似立地条件地区大规模推广间作紫花苜蓿的经营模式.     

毛白杨雌雄株过氧化物酶同工酶的等电聚胶电泳分析

用聚丙烯酰胺等电聚胶电泳分离毛白杨过氧化物酶同工酶,可以克服聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳的分辨率低、酶易扩散、电泳时间长等缺点。雌株可分离到10～12条电泳区带,雄株仅得到4～5条。电泳时间由原来的7h缩短至4h。另外,雌雄株间的可溶性蛋白质含量、过氧化物酶活性及色谱扫描曲线都有明显的差异。     

杨树无性系根系特征及地上与地下部分相关性研究

采用大田挖掘法,对20个杨树无性系的根系特征及地上与地下部分的相关关系进行了研究。结果表明,20个杨树无性系的根系主要集中在0～50cm土层中,根系以水平根为主,垂直根基本消失,不定根与地面的夹角较小,基本保持水平。中驻1号、NL351、T26和中驻6号的不定根总长度较大,中驻1号、中驻6号、W07和1107的不定根总数量较多,基部直径在2cm以下的不定根占不定根总数量的60％～80％。从地上和地下部分的生长情况来看,树高、冠幅、地上部干重、根重和根长存在显著相关关系;20个杨树无性系的根冠比在0．23～0．45的范围之内;单位地上部所具有的根长差异性较大,最大的为T26,最小的为中菏1号;根系生理吸收效率与根冠比、单位地上部所具有的根长呈负相关关系,即根系冗余现象。通过聚类分析,在相似系数为1．3时,可将20个杨树无性系分为3类6个亚类。研究结果可为杨树优良无性系的进一步选育和抚育管理提供理论依据。     

Analysis on water potential of Populus euphratica oliv and its meaning in the lower reaches of Tarim River, Xinjiang

Combined with materials measured on leaves water potential of Populus euphratica ofiv in the process of ecological water delivery in the lower reaches of Tarim River, the influence of ground-water depths and soil salinity on leaves water potential of P. euphratica was analyzed. We found that there was evident negative correlation between the leaves water potential of P. euphratica and ground-water depths. The deeper the ground-water depths were, the lower the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was, the more serious drought stress P. euphratica suffered from. Besides, there was evident negative correlation between the soil salinity and the leaves water potential of P. euphratica. The bigger the soil salinity was, the lower the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was, the more serious drought stress was indicated from which P. euphratica suffered. For sections rather distant for Daxihaizi Reservoir as well as for those places of wells rather distant from the river course, ground-water depths and the soil salinity were high; the leaves water potential of P. euphratica was low. The leaves water potential of P. euphratica can reflect the degree at which P. euphratica suffers from drought and salt stress, and has an important reference meaning in analyzing proper ground-water depths for the survival and growth of P. euphratic in the lower reaches of Tarim River.     

分子标记在杨树育种上的应用

本文概述了分子标记在杨树指纹图谱构建、遗传图谱构建、QTLs定位、分子标记辅助选择、遗传多样性分析、杂种鉴定等方面的研究进展,同时指明了分子标记在林木研究上的发展趋势。     

Multiple transgenes Populus xeuramericana ''''Guariento'''' plants obtained by biolistic bombardment

A JERF36 regulation gene, a selection marker gene (NPT-II), and the foreign genes levansucrase (SacB), Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vgb), and Binary coleopterus insect resistance (BtCry3A OC-I) were co-transferred into Populus xeuramericana 'Guariento' using biolistic bombardment; 25 kanamycin resistant plants were obtained. The results of PCR and Southern hybridization showed that the foreign genes had been integrated into the genome of P. xeuramericana 'Guariento' and 5 genes were all transferred into 7 poplar plants. The results of a BtCry3A ELISA experiment indicated that the BtCry3A gene was expressed in the 7 transgenic poplar plants, and these plants grew well on coastal saline land.     

分子标记在杨树遗传改良中的应用

介绍了杨树遗传改良中常用的三种分子标记;ＲＦＬＰ、ＲＡＰＤ和ＡＦＬＰ,并回顾了分子标记在杨树遗传改良中的应用;构建无性系指纹图谱,构建遗传图谱,群体遗传变异和系统进化及分类,杂种鉴定,数量性状基因定位以及分子标记辅助选择育种等。     

杨树黑斑病感抗无性系cDNA文库的构建

为了分离与抗病相关的目的基因,以病原菌接种后对黑斑病具免疫力的美洲黑杨I 69及黑斑病的高感无性系欧美杨I 45的叶片为材料,在利用荧光差异显示反转录聚合酶链式反应(DDRT PCR)获得抗病相关cDNA片段的基础上,用试剂盒及同样的植物材料构建了两个cDNA文库L45 72及L69 72。两文库的滴度分别为3.44×109pfu/mL及3.94×109pfu/mL,大于500bp的片段分别占96.67%和73.33%。     

克拉玛依地区银密杨生长规律研究

研究修枝措施下9 a生银密杨的生长状况,为克拉玛依地区培育干形圆满的优质木材提供理论支持.在同一修枝强度(即弱度修枝)下,选取3株杨树优势木,按照树干解析的步骤,截取圆盘获得各个龄阶的树高、胸径、材积等数据.在整个生长季,杨树的胸径、树高和材积的总生长量始终保持较快的增长;它的平均生长量较平缓,但连年生长量较迅速.杨树材积生长量未出现峰值,平均生长量和连年生长量没有相交,还未达到数量成熟龄.银密杨的干形稳定,说明当地环境适合其生长.