高效液相色谱法-电喷雾串联质谱联用分析大花罗布麻中植物激素的动态变化

利用高效液相色谱法-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-MS)联用技术,对大花罗布麻叶中五种植物激素的动态含量变化进行监测,结果表明大花罗布麻叶中脱落酸(ABA)在9月份含量最高,为9.800×10₃ μg×kg_?1;吲哚丁酸(IBA)在5月份含量最高,为3.073×10₄ μg×kg_?1;吲哚乙酸(IAA)在整个生长期中含量相差不大,6月份含量最高为1.403×10₄ μg×kg_?1;赤霉素(GA₃)在9月份含量最高,为4.475×10₄ μg×kg_?1;茉莉酸(JA)在6月份含量最高,为2.508×10₄ μg×kg_?1。该实验通过比较不同采收期大花罗布麻叶的品质,为大花罗布麻叶的引种驯化及合理利用提供参考依据。     

保卫德对黄曲条跳甲田间控制作用研究

田间应用植物保护剂保卫德后可显著控制黄曲条跳甲种群数量 ,9、4 .5 L/hm2 浓度处理对成虫忌避率分别达 80 .90 %和 77.5 3%,持续为害指数分别是对照的 6 .95 %和 0 .0 9%,显著降低成虫为害量 ,保苗效果分别达 97.2 4 %和 89.2 2 %。     

Shifting ontologies, changing classifications: plant materials from 1700 to 1830

This paper studies European chemists’ shifting ontologies of materials by comparing the ways in which they classified materials. The focus is on plant materials, their different identities, and the changing ways chemists sorted out and ordered plant materials in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The main goals of the paper are to follow the development of plant materials from ordinary, everyday materials and commodities in the early eighteenth century to purified carbon compounds and organic substances familiar only to experts in the 1830s, and to reconstruct chemists’ ways of classifying these objects in different practical and intellectual contexts.The study of changes in European chemists’ ways of classifying plant materials over more than a century brings to the foreground a trajectory of ontological shifts that is ‘punctuated’ in the 1750s, the 1790s, and the 1830s. Early eighteenth-century plant materials, which were commodities of the apothecary trade and other arts and crafts, were elevated epistemically as compound components or ‘proximate principles’ of plants in the 1750s, reduced to organic compounds in the 1790s, and replaced by carbon compounds in the 1830s. The last, third transformation of the epistemic constitution of materials and the mode of their classification was accompanied by a deep transformation of the material culture of plant chemistry. After the late 1830s, many of the eighteenth-century vegetable commodities disappeared from chemists’ agenda or were split into different substances individuated and identified in new ways. Coal tar products, and new organic artefacts containing chlorine or bromine, entered the chemical laboratory in the 1820s and became fused with the purified rest of the previous plant and animal substances. The material objects of the new culture of organic chemistry became detached from the materials applied in the extant arts and crafts. It was only in the late 1850s, with the rise of the synthetic dye industry, that a great number of these laboratory substances became involved in industrial production.     

应用分形L系统模拟植物生长图像的研究

根据分形L系统理论，提出建立植物生长的数学模型，并对植物生长图像的计算机模拟进行研究，为使生成的植物图像更加真实，在L系统中引入随机性，给出了生成随机L系统的算法，为提高技物生长图像的逼真性提供了有效手段．     

铜梁区石灰岩矿山废弃地植物种类选择

通过对重庆市铜梁区石灰岩矿山废弃地立地条件、气候特点分析,提出了石灰岩矿山废弃地生态恢复植物种类选择的原则、配置方式和适生的乔木、灌木、藤本、草本种类。     

植物提取液对牦牛肉嫩化作用的研究

本文探究了包括生姜汁(GE)和猕猴桃汁(KE)的植物提取液对牦牛背最长肌的嫩化作用.结果表明, 相较生姜汁和猕猴桃汁单独处理, 两者复配后能更有效改善嫩度和抑制脂质氧化(P<0.05), 显示生姜汁和猕猴桃汁在嫩化牦牛肉和抑制其脂质氧化方面存在协同作用.继续优化获得到了改善牦牛肉嫩度、抑制脂质氧化的最适组成为0.18% GE + 0.13% KE (V/W).植物提取液注射处理对牦牛肉的肉色、pH、蒸煮损失率和肌红蛋白氧化均无显著不利影响(P>0.05).相比对照组, 经过21d的贮藏, 最适组成的复配汁处理组TBARS和WBSF要分别低49.11%和31.37%, 体现了植物提取液应用于实际生产的可能性.     

农作物病毒病害绿色防控技术创新

作物病毒病害是限制我国农作物优质稳产的主要因素之一,其主要由媒介生物传播,作物普遍缺乏抗病毒病的种质资源,病毒病害防治难度大,主要依赖化学农药通过防控媒介昆虫进行控制。近年来,随着纳米生物学、分子生物学和组学研究的飞速发展,以及微观生物学技术和理念对宏观生物学的快速渗透与交叉,基因组编辑技术的快速发展,病毒—昆虫—植物三者互作机制等各方面研究取得了诸多重要进展,在寻找病毒病害流行爆发的宏观生态学现象背后的分子生物学与生物化学机制上取得了长足进步,从而促进新型病毒病害的持久防控技术的发展,提供了科学依据和潜在新方案。文章简要回顾了近年来这些新技术的主要机理,并抛砖引玉提出了对未来发展的建议和思考。建议国家和社会组织研究力量,大力加强1)探索利用微纳米递送化学药物或者核酸干扰等防治病毒病害的新方法研究;2)病害发生的多元生物体系互作机制及科学防控科技支撑能力建设;3)基因组编辑创建病毒病害绿色防控的技术等方向的探索与突破,力求在病毒病害绿色生态防控方面为农业提供强有力的科技创新和支撑能力。     

电力系统稳定破坏事故的预防和处理

以阳城电厂为例,提出了发电厂防范和处理电网稳定破坏事故的措施。     

Differential leaf resistance to insects of transgenic sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) expressing tobacco anionic peroxidase

Leaves of transgenic sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) trees that expressed tobacco anionic peroxidase were compared with leaves of L. styraciflua trees that did not express the tobacco enzyme. Leaves of the transgenic trees were generally more resistant to feeding by caterpillars and beetles than wild-type leaves. However, as for past studies with transgenic tobacco and tomato expressing the tobacco anionic peroxidase, the degree of relative resistance depended on the size of insect used and the maturity of the leaf. Decreased growth of gypsy moth larvae appeared mainly due to decreased consumption, and not changes in the nutritional quality of the foliage. Transgenic leaves were more susceptible to feeding by the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea. Thus, it appears the tobacco anionic peroxidase can contribute to insect resistance, but its effects are more predictable when it is expressed in plant species more closely related to the original gene source. Received 4 March 1998; received after revision 27 April 1998; accepted 30 April 1998     

长距离发输电系统稳定控制装置的设置和管理

以阳城发电输电系统为例，总结了电网发电输电系统稳定控制装置的设置和运行的管理。