石油减压二线馏分及其加氢产物中饱和烃和轻芳烃的色谱-质谱分析

胜利减二线馏分油及其加氢反应产物,经SiO_2/Al_2O_3双吸附剂柱色谱预分离为四个馏分:饱和烃、轻芳烃、中芳烃、重芳烃及胶质。采用色谱-质谱联用法分析其中饱和烃和轻芳烃的组成。借助于计算机谱库检索及质量色谱法,复杂化合物迅速得到鉴定:饱和烃由C_(15)～C_(33)的烷烃组成,加氢反应后烷烃分布中最高峰向低碳数转移三个碳;轻芳烃馏分由C_1～C_(27)的烷基苯、烷基萘、烷基联苯、烷基茚、烷基芴等系列化合物组成,加氢反应后芳烃大多变为饱和,同时侧链烷基缩短为C_1～C_8;部分稠环芳烃加氢后进入轻芳烃馏分。     

面向质量不合格率的CUSUM控制图参数优化设计

提出以质量不合格率这一质量指标为目的,优化CUSUM控制图的参数,建立了优化设计理论模型,提出了优化分析的流程,进行了实例分析和验证.给出了常规需要范围的质量不合格率的简单参数推荐表格.     

应用电阻层系成像技术测量垂直管道气/液两相流分相含率

通过对垂直管道中气／液两相流截面相含率测量影响因素的分析,以电阻层析成像系统为检测工具,提出了提取原始测量数据边界特征值的方法和描述气／液两相流截面相含率的特征函数,得到了气／液两相流的截面含气率,仿真计算与实验测试结果表明,在研究导电的液相为连续相的气／液两相流情况下的分相含率时,上述方法是一种有效的测量手段．     

城市环境噪声适用区划分的模糊综合评判

在城市环境噪声适用区域划分中,确定某一区域是归属“一类混合区”还是“二类混合区”,目前的方法是:对实测数据和调查资料经过分析并结合国颁《城市区域环境噪声标准》来确定。其不足之处是,多个因素影响下的噪声区,当区域中的某些因素参数从属“一混”的程度大,而另外一些因素参数从属“二混”的程度大,适用区域的外延不分明时,确定其归属那一类混合区,靠主观判定,常有偏差。本文将模糊综合评判理论应用于区划,给出环境噪声适用区划分的评判方法。特区划从主观判断纳入定量计算的容观判别的轨道,使区划更科学。结合郑州市2—2＃区的数据进行评判,结果十分客观。     

层布式钢纤维混凝土力学行为与断裂性能研究

通过试验,研究了钢纤维体积掺量和长径比对层布式钢纤维混凝土力学性能及断裂性能的影响,对比了层布式钢纤维混凝土与素混凝土和钢纤维混凝土的力学性能及断裂性能,结果表明:层布式钢纤维混凝土改善了混凝土的力学性能,提高了混凝土的断裂韧度和断裂能.     

分数阶控制系统微积分数值实现——分析与比较

介绍并对比了两种分数阶微积分的直接离散化数值实现方法：连分式展开（CFE）方法和递归Tustin方法。这两种方法都是采用直接离散方法得到近似模型，且都是得到具有最小相位的稳定系统。在频域里对这两种分数阶离散方法对比结果表明：CFE求解方法要优于递归Tustin方法。论文最后通过实例给出了仿真验证。     

Application of backflush and micro-flow techniques to the analysis of C5—C13 hydrocarbons in crude oils and its geochemical significance

An Agilent 6890N GC equipped with both FID and Agilent 5975 MSD analyzer has been employed to analyze C₅—C₁₃ hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils. A technical combination of program temperature volatilizer injection, backflush and micro-flow controller afforded a fine separation of C₅—C₁₃ compounds on a PONA column with the heavy part of crude oils being cut off before entering the analytical column. Both GC-FID chromatogram and GC-MS mass chromatograms (MID and full scan) could be obtained at the same time. The retension time differences of nC₆—nC₁₃ alkanes between GC and TIC were in the range of 0.02—0.58 minutes. Totally 286 peaks have been assigned group compositions. Results on 8 typical oil samples from CNPC Key Laboratory Crude Oil Library showed that the characteristics of C₆—C₁₃ hydrocarbon group composition could be used in oil-oil correlation studies.     

Fate of secondary effluent dissolved organic matter during soil-aquifer treatment

The reduction of mass and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its fractions from secondary effluent during laboratory-scale soil-aquifer treatment (SAT) soil columns were studied. Reduction in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), absorbance of ultraviolet light at 254 nm (UV-254), biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) and nonbiodegradable dis- solved organic carbon (NBDOC) for the bulk DOM averaged 72.35%, 53.98%, 97.49% and 35.33% across the soil columns, respectively. Using XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins, DOM was fractionated into 3 fractions: hydrophobic acid (HPO-A), transphilic acid (TPI-A) and hydrophilic fraction (HPI). HPO-A was removed by 61.06%, TPI-A by 54.86% and HPI by 74.95% as DOC as a consequence of the laboratory-scale SAT, respectively. The reduction of THMFP from HPO-A, TPI-A and HPI was 27.24%, 26.24% and 36.08%, respectively. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectra revealed that the HPO-A isolated from the secondary effluent contained more aromatic functional groups than the corresponding TPI-A. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum analysis illustrated that TPI-A had decreased hydrocarbon and increased aromatics content in the SAT columns. Specific ultraviolet light absorbance (SUVA) and specific THMFP for each DOM fraction increased across the soil columns and HPI exhibited greater increase in both than HPO-A and TPI-A. The most problematic THM precursor was found to be HPO-A with its high quantity present in recharged water and high chlorine reactivity.     

Pell方程x^2-[（mn）^2±4n]y^2=1的最小解

运用计算连分数的方法，给出Pell方程x^2-Dy^2=1当D=（mn）^2±4n（m,n）为正整数）时的最小解的计算公式。     

求解Pe11方程的算法与程序设计

本文给出n~(1/2)的次分数的递推算法与其渐近分数的高精度算法,完成求解Pell方程的Turbo　 C程序设计.