滇池水-沉积物界面氮分布特点及其对控制蓝藻水华的意义

 造成水体富营养化的污染源可以分为外源和内源,当湖泊的外源得到控制以后,内源营养盐的释放仍然可以发生富营养化,甚至爆发藻类水华.研究营养物质在水-沉积物界面的地球化学行为,对于控制水体富营养化和水华爆发具有重要意义.以滇池为研究对象,测定了间隙水和上覆水中总氮(TN)、氨态氮(NH₄⁺-N)、硝态氮(NO₃^--N)和有机氮(ON)的质量浓度.结果表明:①无论在草海还是外海,间隙水中TN,NH₄⁺-N及ON质量浓度均高于上覆水,说明底泥中的氮元素有向水体中扩散的趋势;②草海上覆水及间隙水中TN,NH₄⁺-N和NO₃^--N质量浓度均高于外海,其受污染的程度比外海高.研究揭示了滇池底泥中氮分布区域和垂直变化特征,阐明了内源氮负荷在湖泊富营养化中所起的作用.     

福州西湖沉积物磷形态垂向变化特征

采用化学连续提取法对福州西湖两个柱状沉积物样品中垂向不同形态磷进行分级提取分析.结果表明:1#样品表层沉积物总磷含量在830μg/g左右,垂向各层总磷呈“S”状分布;2#样品表层沉积物总磷含量在700μg/g左右,垂向各层总磷呈“7”状分布.两个柱状沉积物垂向各层均以无机磷为主,占总磷含量的80%~90%,其中铁磷含量远远高于铝磷和钙磷的含量,占总磷量的50%~60%.两个柱状沉积物垂向各层中闭蓄态磷含量很低,说明沉积物中自然来源的磷很少,主要以人为输入为主,垂向各层磷形态和含量的不同,反映了不同时期和不同程度的人为输入磷的污染.     

基于GIS的陇中黄土高原潜在生态环境评价研究

利用Arc／Info提供的主成分分析方法对陇中黄土高原潜在生态环境进行评价．首先选取对潜在生态环境影响较大的指标构建数字生态环境模型，然后对二级指标体系进行主成分分析，获得一级指标指数，最后对一级指标体系进行主成分分析，获得潜在生态环境评价指数．主要目的在于提供一种生态环境评价方法．     

Lightning activity on the central Tibetan Plateau and its response to convective available potential energy

Lightning flash activities on the central Tibetan Plateau have been studied by using the satellite-based Lightning Imaging Sensor(LIS)database from January 1998 to July 2002.The lightning activity shows a clear diurnal variation on the central Plateau.The peak lightning activity appears at about 17:00 which is 3 h earlier than that in Jingxhou,Hubei in the same latitude belt nearby,indicating that the lightning activity is a sensitive indicator of solar heating on the Plateau.The lightning discharge is weaker on the Plateau than Jingzhou.Hubei and other low-altitude continental regions because of the lower convective available potential energy(CAPE)on the Plateau.The CAPE on the Plateau is 12 times lower than that in Jingzhou,Hubei,and 20 times lower than that in the sea-level region,such as Guangzhou and Florida.However,the sensitivity of lightning activity to CAPE changes on the Plateau is up to 30 times more sensitive than other prominent low-altitude regions.     

Holocene lake deposits of Bosten Lake, southern Xinjiang, China

A 9.25-m-long sediment core from Bosten Lake,Xinjiang, provides detailed information about changes in the water budget and biological acticity over the last 8400 cal-endar years. The chronology is constructed from six AMS radiocarbon dates on the terrestrial plant remains. Based onanalyses of TOC, CO3, detrital compounds and biogenic SiO2,lake level fluctuations and periods of remarkably-negative water budget appeared at 8.4-8.2 cal ka, 7.38-7.25 cal ka,5.7-5.5 cal ka, 3.7-3.4 cal ka and 3.3-2.9 cal ka, respec-tively. As they are in-phase with low lake levels at Sumxl Co and Bangong Co in western Tibet Plateau and with paleo-lakes in Inner Mongolia, a climate-induced change to some-what drier and warmer conditions is inferred. A further drop in lake level after 1320 AD of about 200 yr duration may heattributed to a negative water balance prior to the main phase of the Little Ice Age. Deep and stable lake phases of 1500 yr and 1800 yr duration at 7.2-5.7 cal ka and 5.5-3.7cal ka coincide with maximum moisture during the Holocene Megathermai in China. The long term trend towards aridity since about 4.3 cal ka can dearly be recognised. The reduced water budget of Bosten Lake from 640-1200 AD may be attributed to local effects.     

Temperature variations on the Tibetan Plateau over the last two millennia

The paleoclimate data recovered from ice cores,tree rings and lake sediments indicate regional features of cfimatic change on the Tibeta n Plateau (TP) during the last 2000 years. The composite temperature reconstructions in-dicate that several main climatic episodes, such as the “LittleIce Age“ between 1400 and 1900, the “Medieval Warm Pe-riod“ in 1150-1400, a less warm period in 800-1100, and an earlier cold period between the 3rd and 5th centuries,occurred in the TP. In addition, temperature varied from region to region. The period from AD 800 to 1100, which waswarm in northeastern TP, was contemporaneous with cool-ing in the western and southern TP. The southern TP ex-perienced warming between 1150 and 1400. For western TP,the δ^18O records of the Guliya ice core indicate that the pe-Hod 1250-1500 witnessed a clear warming. Large-scaletrends in the temperature history from northeastern TP aremore similar to those in eastern China than are the trendsfrom the Guliya ice cap far to the west and southern TP. The most prominent similarities between the temperature varia-tions of the TP and eastern China are such cold phases as 1100-1150, 1500-1550, 1650-1700 and 1800-1850, andthe latter three cold events match with three widespreadg lacial advances which occurred on the TP during the Little Ice A2e.     

A carbon- and oxygen-isotope record of recent environ- mental change from Qinghai Lake, NE Tibetan Plateau

An understanding of natural climatic variability is essential for evaluating anthropogenic impacts on recent and future climate[1—3]. Due to the lack of lengthy instrumental records, such an understanding must be gained from natural archives of climate change. Palaeolimnological indicators of past lake levels may provide a sensitive record of changes in effective precipitation in closed basins. This approach is particularly relevant on the Tibetan Plateau, where instrumental records are very…     

New geological evidence of crustal thickening in the Gangdese block prior to the Indo-Asian collision

Recent mapping in the Gangdese block has revealed many leucogranites that are similar to those in the High Himalaya. These leucogranites formed at ～140 Ma as indicated by monazite Th-Pb ion-microprobe dating and cooled at ～130 Ma as indicated by muscovite ^40Ar/^39Ar dating. In conjunction with previous structural and paleogeographic studies, the new data indicate that the Gangdese block underwent crustal thickening and associated exhumation during ～140—130 Ma. In this regard, the southern margin of Eurasia continent was comparable to the modern South American Altiplano-Puna plateau, the prime example of active ocean-continent subduction and associated thickened crust. Specifically, the early stages of crustal thickening and uplifting of the Gangdese block may result from subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean. If the Tibetan Plateau would form by accretion of a series of blocks with thickened crust, an elevated topographic plateau similar to the Altiplano-Puna plateau had formed before collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Then the Tibetan Plateau would have quickly thickened, uplifted, and begun to extend soon after onset of the collision. Thus, the deformational mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau is not distributed shortening, but rather concentrating deformation within regions of thin crust between the accreted blocks.     

浅谈太原市“文瀛湖”的历史文化及发展规划

太原市“文瀛湖”有着丰富的历史文化和优美的自然景观和人文景观。文章通过对公园历史文化和现状的：分析，从公园的性质、规划原则、功能区别、主要景点、布局特点、绿化配置等诸方面对文瀛湖公园的总体规划进行了介绍。     

洞庭湖湿地虉草资源的开发利用

通过对洞庭湖湿地虉草(Phalaris arundinacea L)资源的调查，该地虉草资源丰富、分布广泛、蕴藏量大；同时对虉草进行了品质分析和鲜草饲喂试验，其结果表明，该资源营养丰富，鲜草饲喂黄牛、奶牛及羊喜食或食用，为综合开发利用虉草资源提供了重要资料。