新疆北部金、银、铜化探元素的分形研究及其找矿意义

根据板块构造的观点,划分新疆北部地壳的大地构造单元,应用分形基本和分数维的计算方法,计算出新疆北部地壳中金,银,铜的分数维,分析分数维的特征,研究其在板块构造和找矿等方面的意义。元素含量具有分形特征,分数维值的大小和矿化程度有关,最后指出新疆北部的找矿方向。     

When and how did plate tectonics begin？ Theoretical and empirical considerations

Plate tectonics is the horizontal motion of Earth’s thermal boundary layer (lithosphere) over the convecting mantle (asthenosphere) and is mostly driven by lithosphere sinking in subduction zones. Plate tectonics is an outstanding example of a self organizing, far from equilibrium complex system (SOFFECS), driven by the negative buoyancy of the thermal boundary layer and controlled by dissipation in the bending lithosphere and viscous mantle. Plate tectonics is an unusual way for a silicate planet to lose heat, as it exists on only one of the large five silicate bodies in the inner solar system. It is not known when this mode of tectonic activity and heat loss began on Earth. All silicate planets probably experienced a short-lived magma ocean stage. After this solidified, stagnant lid behavior is the common mode of planetary heat loss, with interior heat being lost by delamination and “hot spot” volcanism and shallow intrusions. Decompression melting in the hotter early Earth generated a different lithosphere than today, with thicker oceanic crust and thinner mantle lithosphere; such lithosphere would take much longer than at present to become negatively buoyant, suggesting that plate tectonics on the early Earth occurred sporadically if at all. Plate tectonics became sustainable (the modern style) when Earth cooled sufficiently that decompression melting beneath spreading ridges made thin oceanic crust, allowing oceanic lithosphere to become negatively buoyant after a few tens of millions of years. Ultimately the question of when plate tectonics began must be answered by informa- tion retrieved from the geologic record. Criteria for the operation of plate tectonics includes ophiolites, blueschist and ultra-high pressure metamorphic belts, eclogites, passive margins, transform faults, paleomagnetic demonstration of different motions of different cratons, and the presence of diagnostic geochemical and isotopic indicators in igneous rocks. This record must be interpreted individually; I interpret the record to indicate a progression of tectonic styles from active Archean tectonics and magmatism to something similar to plate tectonics at ~1.9 Ga to sustained, modern style plate tectonics with deep subduction——and powerful slab pull——beginning in Neoproterozoic time.     

地球系统科学与可持续发展(Ⅳ)统一构造理论中的青藏高原大地构造特征与地质过程

以青藏高原为例，从大地构造特征和地质过程，研究了青藏高原隆升的统一构造理论模型。     

大坪山隧址区地质构造对岩溶发育规律的影响

在野外地质调查的基础上,运用自然历史分析法和统计学对隧址区的地质构造和岩溶发育特征进行了研究。研究表明地质构造对隧址区岩溶发育的影响主要表现为:1推覆构造演化过程中,地层经历的抬升和稳定使得区内岩溶发育呈现多期性,垂直、水平溶蚀形态交替分布;2区内地质构造通过控制岩溶水的循环通道,从而控制区内岩溶发育的方向和规模;3区内大型岩溶形态发育的向深性和方向性受断层控制,同时发育规模也由节理裂隙密度决定;4褶皱核部及转折部位多形成张拉裂隙,岩溶发育强烈,翼部径流作用有利于岩溶发育。     

平板尺寸对NexGen燃烧器冲击射流换热特性的影响研究

NexGen燃烧器是美国联邦航空管理局(federal aviation administration,FAA)指定的用于动力装置防火试验的燃烧器。为了研究平板尺寸L与冲击间距Z之比(L/Z)为4、5和6的情况下对平板的温度、努塞尔数和热流分布的影响,采用商用Fluent软件模拟了NexGen燃烧器火焰射流冲击平板的过程,分析了火焰冲击平板的流场;并对不同L/Z下平板的表面温度、努塞尔数和热流的分布规律进行了研究。同时,对平板表面危险点的分布情况做出了预判,得出危险点主要集中在以平板几何中心为中心的0.15 m×0.2 m范围内。     

振动筛板鼓泡塔筛板数对气含率及压降的影响

本文对气液两相流在振动筛板鼓泡塔中作垂直并流动时的最佳板数的确定进行了详细的分析与研究．从中得到了在实验条件下的最佳振动筛板数．     

大直径扩底人工挖孔桩承载力研究

依托武汉某工程实例,对大直径扩底人工挖孔桩承载力进行了研究,通过岩石极限单轴抗压强度室内试验和深层载荷板试验确定持力层的承载力特征值,采用规范提供的计算公式,用两套试验参数对单桩承载力进行预估,并通过现场单桩载荷试验对计算结果进行验证。研究表明:深层载荷板试验参数预估单桩承载力特征值,明显大于岩石极限单轴抗压强度室内试验计算值,且前者与单桩静载荷试验结果更为接近,可准确预估单桩承载力,进而为后续大直径扩底挖孔桩设计提供可靠参考。     

基于数学形态学的车牌定位算法

在汽车牌照识别系统中,车牌定位是整个识别模块实现的前提,为了能对汽车牌照精确定位,提出了一种基于数学形态学的车牌定位方法。首先利用中值滤波方法对汽车图像进行消噪处理,然后用迭代阈值选择法将图像进行二值化,并运用数学形态学的膨胀、腐蚀对二值图像进行处理,得到几个车牌候选区,然后利用面积、长宽比以及垂直投影特征值等进行综合分析,准确定位车牌区域。实验结果表明,该方法简单易行、准确率高、并且具有一定实效性,可用于对实际车牌图像的准确定位。     

滚子摆动从动件盘形凸轮廓线和压力角的一种计算方法

借助速度瞬心建立了一套计算滚子摆动从动件盘形凸轮廓线和压力角的公式,为此种凸轮的设计提供了一种方法。